表達式樹 - 在外部lambda中編譯內部lambda - 範圍解析

Question

我正在創建表達式樹，並且存在一種情況，我需要在另一個lambda中創建一個lambda並將內部一個存儲在類中，並在表達式樹中添加該類。 這是什麼，我試圖做簡單的例子（這個代碼不編譯）：

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Linq; 
using System.Text; 
using System.Linq.Expressions; 

namespace SimpleTest { 
    public class LambdaWrapper { 
     private Delegate compiledLambda; 
     public LambdaWrapper(Delegate compiledLambda) { 
      this.compiledLambda = compiledLambda; 
     } 
     public dynamic Execute() { 
      return compiledLambda.DynamicInvoke(); 
     } 
    } 

    public class ForSO { 

     public ParameterExpression Param; 

     public LambdaExpression GetOuterLambda() { 
      IList<Expression> lambdaBody = new List<Expression>(); 
      Param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object), "Param"); 
      lambdaBody.Add(Expression.Assign(
          Param, 
          Expression.Constant("Value of 'param' valiable")) 
         ); 

      lambdaBody.Add(Expression.Call(
          null, 
          typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
          Param) 
         ); 

      Delegate compiledInnerLambda = GetInnerLambda().Compile(); 
      LambdaWrapper wrapper = new LambdaWrapper(compiledInnerLambda); 
      lambdaBody.Add(Expression.Constant(wrapper)); 
      //lambdaBody.Add(GetInnerLambda()); 
      return Expression.Lambda(
         Expression.Block(
           new ParameterExpression[] { Param }, 
           lambdaBody)); 
     } 

     public LambdaExpression GetInnerLambda() { 
      return Expression.Lambda(
        Expression.Block(
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           Expression.Constant("Inner lambda start")), 
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           Param), 
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           Expression.Constant("Inner lambda end")) 
        ) 
       ); 
     } 

     public static void Write(object toWrite) { 
      Console.WriteLine(toWrite); 
     } 

     public static void Main(string[] args) { 
      ForSO so = new ForSO(); 
      LambdaWrapper wrapper = so.GetOuterLambda().Compile() 
             .DynamicInvoke() as LambdaWrapper; 
      wrapper.Execute(); 
      //(so.GetOuterLambda().Compile().DynamicInvoke() as Delegate).DynamicInvoke(); 
     } 
    } 
} 

問題是在GetOuterLambda方法GetInnerLambda().Compile()線。 我知道一個解決方案 - 它在代碼的註釋部分。有了這一切，一切工作正常，但我需要一個包裝作爲返回值，而不是表達式子樹（它可以將內部lambda子樹存儲在LambdaWrapper中，稍後編譯它，但同樣的問題發生）。

我得到的錯誤是Unhandled Exception: System.InvalidOperationException: variable 'Param' of type 'System.Object' referenced from scope '', but it is not defined。

如果我添加Param來阻止內部lambda中的變量，代碼編譯，但Param沒有在外部lambda中賦值（這是有道理的）。

這怎麼解決？

Answer 1

在Balazs Tihanyi的幫助下，我找到了完全符合我需要的解決方案。這是一個更多的工作，因爲我不得不創建粘合劑，但我的主要項目我已經擁有了它們，所以我創建了虛擬粘合劑以便此示例正常工作。

這是我的最終解決方案：

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Linq; 
using System.Text; 
using System.Linq.Expressions; 
using System.Reflection; 
using System.Dynamic; 


namespace SimpleTest { 
    public class MyCreateBinder : CreateInstanceBinder { 
     public MyCreateBinder(CallInfo info) : base(info) { } 

     public override DynamicMetaObject FallbackCreateInstance(
             DynamicMetaObject target, 
             DynamicMetaObject[] args, 
             DynamicMetaObject errorSuggestion) { 
      var param = args[0].Value; 

      Type toCreate = target.Value as Type; 
      var ctors = toCreate.GetConstructors() 
         .Where(c => c.GetParameters().Length == args.Length) 
         .ToArray(); 

      if (ctors.Length == 0) 
       throw 
        new Exception(
         String.Format(
         "Can not find constructor for '{0}' with {1} parameters", 
         toCreate, args.Length)); 
      ConstructorInfo ctorToUse = ctors[0]; 
      return new DynamicMetaObject(
          Expression.New(
           ctorToUse, 
           args.Select(a => a.Expression).ToList()), 
         BindingRestrictions.Empty); 
     } 
    } 

    public class MySetMemberBinder : SetMemberBinder { 

     public MySetMemberBinder(string name) : base(name, false) { } 

     public override DynamicMetaObject FallbackSetMember(
           DynamicMetaObject target, 
           DynamicMetaObject value, 
           DynamicMetaObject errorSuggestion) { 

      throw new NotImplementedException(); 
     } 
    } 

    public class MyGetMemberBinder : GetMemberBinder { 
     public MyGetMemberBinder(string name) : base(name, false) { } 

     public override DynamicMetaObject FallbackGetMember(
             DynamicMetaObject target, 
             DynamicMetaObject errorSuggestion) { 
      throw new NotImplementedException(); 
     } 
    } 

    public class MyInvokeMemberBinder : InvokeMemberBinder { 
     public MyInvokeMemberBinder(string name, CallInfo callInfo) 
      : base(name, false, callInfo) { } 

     public override DynamicMetaObject FallbackInvokeMember(
            DynamicMetaObject target, 
            DynamicMetaObject[] args, 
            DynamicMetaObject errorSuggestion) { 
      var a = this; 
      throw new NotImplementedException(); 
     } 

     public override DynamicMetaObject FallbackInvoke(
            DynamicMetaObject target, 
            DynamicMetaObject[] args, 
            DynamicMetaObject errorSuggestion) { 
      throw new NotImplementedException(); 
     } 
    } 

    public class LambdaWrapper : IDynamicMetaObjectProvider { 
     private Delegate compiledLambda; 
     private LambdaExpression exp; 

     public LambdaWrapper(LambdaExpression exp) { 
      this.exp = exp; 
      this.compiledLambda = exp.Compile(); 
     } 
     public dynamic Execute(dynamic param) { 
      return compiledLambda.DynamicInvoke(param); 
     } 

     public DynamicMetaObject GetMetaObject(Expression parameter) { 
      return new MetaLambdaWrapper(parameter, this); 
     } 
    } 

    public class MetaLambdaWrapper : DynamicMetaObject { 
     public MetaLambdaWrapper(Expression parameter, object value) : 
      base(parameter, BindingRestrictions.Empty, value) { } 

     public override DynamicMetaObject BindInvokeMember(
            InvokeMemberBinder binder, 
            DynamicMetaObject[] args) { 
      MethodInfo method = this.Value.GetType().GetMethod(binder.Name); 
      return new DynamicMetaObject(
         Expression.Call(
          Expression.Constant(this.Value), 
           method, 
            args.Select(a => a.Expression)), 
         BindingRestrictions.GetTypeRestriction(
          this.Expression, 
          typeof(LambdaWrapper))); 
     } 
    } 


    public class ForSO { 
     public ParameterExpression Param; 
     public LambdaExpression GetOuterLambda() { 
      Expression wrapper; 
      IList<Expression> lambdaBody = new List<Expression>(); 
      Param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object), "Param"); 
      lambdaBody.Add(Expression.Assign(
          Param, 
          Expression.Constant("Value of 'param' variable")) 
         ); 
      lambdaBody.Add(Expression.Call(
          null, 
          typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
          Param) 
         ); 

      wrapper = Expression.Dynamic(
           new MyCreateBinder(new CallInfo(1)), 
           typeof(object), 
           Expression.Constant(typeof(LambdaWrapper)), 
           Expression.Quote(GetInnerLambda())); 


      lambdaBody.Add(
       Expression.Dynamic(
        new MyInvokeMemberBinder("Execute", new CallInfo(1)), 
        typeof(object), 
        wrapper, 
       Expression.Constant("calling inner lambda from outer"))); 

      lambdaBody.Add(wrapper); 

      return Expression.Lambda(
         Expression.Block(
           new ParameterExpression[] { Param }, 
           lambdaBody)); 
     } 

     public LambdaExpression GetInnerLambda() { 
      ParameterExpression innerParam = Expression.Parameter(
               typeof(object), 
               "innerParam"); 
      return Expression.Lambda(
        Expression.Block(
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           Expression.Constant("Inner lambda start")), 
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           innerParam), 
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           Param), 
         Expression.Call(null, 
           typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
           Expression.Constant("Inner lambda end")) 
        ), 
        innerParam 
       ); 
     } 

     public static void Write(object toWrite) { 
      Console.WriteLine(toWrite); 
     } 

     public static void Main(string[] args) { 
      Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------"); 
      ForSO so = new ForSO(); 

      LambdaWrapper wrapper = (LambdaWrapper) so.GetOuterLambda() 
                .Compile() 
                .DynamicInvoke(); 
      Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------"); 
      wrapper.Execute("Calling from main"); 
     } 
    } 

} 

Answer 2

好吧，既然你不能使用Param在你內心的lambda表達式一個恆定值，我建議你到一個lambda參數添加到您的表達：在你的LambdaWrapper

public LambdaExpression GetInnerLambda() 
{ 
    var param = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object)); 
    return Expression.Lambda(
     Expression.Block(
      Expression.Call(null, 
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
       Expression.Constant("Inner lambda start")), 
      Expression.Call(null, 
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
       param), 
      Expression.Call(null, 
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
       Expression.Constant("Inner lambda end")) 
     ), 
     param 
    ); 
} 

然後存儲參數的值一流的，後來用它作爲DynamicInvoke調用的參數：

public class LambdaWrapper 
{ 
    private object param; 
    private Delegate compiledLambda; 

    public LambdaWrapper(Delegate compiledLambda, object param) 
    { 
     this.compiledLambda = compiledLambda; 
     this.param = param; 
    } 

    public dynamic Execute() 
    { 
     return compiledLambda.DynamicInvoke(param); 
    } 
} 

這樣的作品，但唯一的問題是，它會調用WriteLine上Param，這是一個PARAMET erExpression對象。爲了解決這個問題，你必須在你的表達式樹動態地創建包裝類：

//lambdaBody.Add(Expression.Constant(wrapper)); 
lambdaBody.Add(Expression.New(
    typeof(LambdaWrapper).GetConstructor(new[] { typeof(Delegate), typeof(object) }), 
    Expression.Constant(compiledInnerLambda), 
    Param) 
); 

然後它會使用的Param分配的值。由於您不使用GetOuterLambda以外的Param，現在可以將其用作局部變量。

編輯：

這裏是我來解決這個問題，第二次嘗試：當您運行的外部委託

public LambdaExpression GetOuterLambda() 
{ 
    ... 
    //Delegate compiledInnerLambda = GetInnerLambda().Compile(); 
    //LambdaWrapper wrapper = new LambdaWrapper(compiledInnerLambda); 

    lambdaBody.Add(Expression.New(
     typeof(LambdaWrapper).GetConstructor(new[] { typeof(Delegate) }), 
     Expression.Call(
      Expression.Call(
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("GetInnerLambda", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static), 
       Param 
      ), 
      typeof(LambdaExpression).GetMethod("Compile", Type.EmptyTypes) 
     ) 
    )); 
    ... 
} 

public static LambdaExpression GetInnerLambda(object param) 
{ 
    return Expression.Lambda(
     Expression.Block(
      Expression.Call(null, 
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
       Expression.Constant("Inner lambda start")), 
      Expression.Call(null, 
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
       Expression.Constant(param)), 
      Expression.Call(null, 
       typeof(ForSO).GetMethod("Write"), 
       Expression.Constant("Inner lambda end")) 
     ) 
    ); 
} 

這種方法編譯此內部拉姆達。通過這樣做，Param將在編譯內部lambda之前分配。