Android Studio使用modules
的概念,而Eclipse等其他IDE使用projects
。 但是,AS File
菜單可以選擇創建一個New Module
以及一個new Project
。Android studio:新項目vs新模塊
這兩者之間有什麼區別?
哪一個被推薦使用?
Android Studio使用modules
的概念,而Eclipse等其他IDE使用projects
。 但是,AS File
菜單可以選擇創建一個New Module
以及一個new Project
。Android studio:新項目vs新模塊
這兩者之間有什麼區別?
哪一個被推薦使用?
從the documentation(安卓Studio是基於IntelliJ IDEA的):
無論你在IntelliJ IDEA的做,你做的是在 項目的環境中。項目是代表 完整軟件解決方案的組織單位。
您的成品可能會分解成一系列離散的模塊,但它是一個項目定義,它們將它們連接在一起並將它們連接成一個更大的整體。
對於Android,它表示每個應用一個項目,每個庫和每個測試應用一個模塊。
如果您嘗試在同一個項目中構建多個應用程序,則存在多個問題。這是可能的,但是如果你嘗試(像我一樣),你會發現幾乎所有的東西都可以用於每個項目的單個應用程序。
例如,可以選擇「重建項目」,這對多個應用程序沒有意義,許多其他項目設置將毫無用處,而且當您擁有多個存儲庫時內置的VCS系統並不好。
KISS答案:
模塊在Android Studio中就像是一個項目在Eclipse中
在Android Studio中項目就像Eclipse中工作區
我一直在努力解決這個問題,雖然這似乎是概念案例,但我很困惑。當我在Android Studio中創建一個新的「項目」時,我會看到一個嚮導,向我詢問諸如主題,使用ActionBar,網格佈局等內容。我原以爲這些東西會留給模塊。如果這些問題恰好如此,相應的支持庫被添加到'項目',那麼我明白,但我也看到創建一個新的模塊時這些相同的東西。非常混亂。 –
我相信這是因爲你給了第一個新模塊的設置... –
這與接受的答案相矛盾,不是嗎? –
IntelliJ IDEA爲您使用的整個代碼庫和每個單獨組件的模塊創建一個項目。因此,IntelliJ IDEA模塊更像Eclipse項目,項目與Eclipse工作區大致相似。 Eclipse的工作空間並不完全等同於您的工作空間,但您可以同時在多個框架中打開多個項目。
這裏是Android Studio中代表一個完整的Android應用程序的IntelliJ IDEA的Q &用於Eclipse用戶頁面級
http://www.jetbrains.com/idea/documentation/migration_faq.html
一個項目。Android Studio項目包含一個或多個模塊。
A 模塊是您的應用程序的一個組件,您可以獨立構建,測試或調試。
模塊包含您的應用程序的源代碼和資源。
模塊就像apkLibs即它有自己的資源,清單,測試等,但主要的應用程序通常使用各種apklibs /模塊,以幫助把它一起在一個解決方案
模塊爲您的應用程序的源代碼,資源 文件和應用程序級別設置,例如模塊級構建文件和 Android清單文件的容器。每個模塊可以獨立構建,測試, 並調試。
Android Studio使用模塊可以輕鬆地將新設備添加到您的 項目中。通過遵循Android Studio中的幾個簡單步驟,,您可以創建一個模塊以包含特定於設備類型的代碼,例如Android Wear或Android TV的 。 Android Studio會自動創建 模塊目錄,例如源和資源目錄,以及適合設備類型的默認build.gradle文件。另外, Android Studio使用建議的內部版本 配置創建設備模塊,例如使用Android TV的Leanback庫 模塊。
例:
除了這些,你還可以有一個「本地圖書館模塊「。比如說,你開發一個賬戶管理框架作爲一個庫模塊,最終在你的應用程序中使用,你可以在同一個項目中作爲一個單獨的模塊來完成。要包含在你的應用程序,你會寫類似,
compile project(':mylibrary')
文件說,
這聲明瞭一個名爲 一個Android庫模塊的依賴關係「在MyLibrary」(此名稱必須匹配定義爲 的庫名稱包含在settings.gradle文件中)。它需要構建系統以 編譯庫模塊與您的應用程序模塊,並在您的APK中包含 產生的AAR文件。
最後,Intellij mentions約模塊配置文件的一些細節:
配置信息的模塊存儲在.iml模塊 文件。默認情況下,這樣的文件位於模塊的內容根目錄 文件夾中。
開發團隊通常通過 版本控制共享
.iml
模塊文件。
這.iml
文件是一個有點嚇人向看看。這裏是我的項目的一個例子:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<module external.linked.project.id=":app" external.linked.project.path="$MODULE_DIR$" external.root.project.path="$MODULE_DIR$/.." external.system.id="GRADLE" external.system.module.group="LearnCity" external.system.module.version="unspecified" type="JAVA_MODULE" version="4">
<component name="FacetManager">
<facet type="android-gradle" name="Android-Gradle">
<configuration>
<option name="GRADLE_PROJECT_PATH" value=":app" />
</configuration>
</facet>
<facet type="android" name="Android">
<configuration>
<option name="SELECTED_BUILD_VARIANT" value="debug" />
<option name="ASSEMBLE_TASK_NAME" value="assembleDebug" />
<option name="COMPILE_JAVA_TASK_NAME" value="compileDebugSources" />
<afterSyncTasks>
<task>generateDebugSources</task>
</afterSyncTasks>
<option name="ALLOW_USER_CONFIGURATION" value="false" />
<option name="MANIFEST_FILE_RELATIVE_PATH" value="/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" />
<option name="RES_FOLDER_RELATIVE_PATH" value="/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3/layout" />
<option name="RES_FOLDERS_RELATIVE_PATH" value="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete/layout;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res;file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/res" />
<option name="ASSETS_FOLDER_RELATIVE_PATH" value="/src/main/assets" />
</configuration>
</facet>
</component>
<component name="NewModuleRootManager" LANGUAGE_LEVEL="JDK_1_7" inherit-compiler-output="false">
<output url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/classes/debug" />
<output-test url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/classes/test/debug" />
<exclude-output />
<content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/r/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/aidl/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/buildConfig/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/rs/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/apt/debug" isTestSource="false" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/google-services/debug" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/rs/debug" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/resValues/debug" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/r/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/aidl/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/buildConfig/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/rs/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/source/apt/androidTest/debug" isTestSource="true" generated="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/rs/androidTest/debug" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/generated/res/resValues/androidTest/debug" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/res" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/resources" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/assets" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/aidl" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/java" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/rs" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/debug/shaders" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/res" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/java" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/rs" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/testDebug/shaders" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver3" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver2" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver1" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout/ver0" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete/layout" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/common" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/learner" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/tutor" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts/obsolete" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res/layouts" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/res" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/resources" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/assets" type="java-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/aidl" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/java" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/rs" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/main/shaders" isTestSource="false" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/res" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/java" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/rs" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/shaders" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/res" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/java" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/rs" isTestSource="true" />
<sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/test/shaders" isTestSource="true" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/assets" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/blame" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/builds" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/classes" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-classes" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-runtime-classes" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-safeguard" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/incremental-verifier" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/instant-run-resources" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/instant-run-support" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/jniLibs" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/manifests" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/multi-dex" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/pre-dexed" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/reload-dex" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/res" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/restart-dex" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/rs" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/shaders" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/split-apk" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/symbols" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/intermediates/transforms" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/outputs" />
<excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/build/tmp" />
</content>
<orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Android API 25 Platform" jdkType="Android SDK" />
<orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="google-http-client-android-1.22.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-analytics-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-core-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-auth-base-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="gson-2.8.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-tasks-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="constraint-layout-1.0.2" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="appengine-api-1.0-sdk-1.9.50" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="design-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="android-job-1.1.8" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="transition-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-base-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="multispinner-0.1.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-auth-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-core-ui-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="simpleratingbar-0.1.5" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-maps-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-location-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-iid-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-core-utils-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="jsr305-2.0.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-fragment-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" scope="TEST" name="multidex-instrumentation-1.0.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="constraint-layout-solver-1.0.2" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="androidannotations-api-3.2" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="java-uuid-generator-3.1.4" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="google-http-client-1.22.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-messaging-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-analytics-impl-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="firebase-common-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="eventbus-3.0.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="cat-1.0.5" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="play-services-basement-10.2.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-compat-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-v4-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="multidex-1.0.1" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" scope="TEST" name="hamcrest-core-1.3" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-media-compat-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" scope="TEST" name="junit-4.12" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="recyclerview-v7-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="appcompat-v7-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="animated-vector-drawable-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-annotations-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="support-vector-drawable-25.3.0" level="project" />
<orderEntry type="module" module-name="backend" exported="" />
<orderEntry type="library" exported="" name="android-android-25" level="project" />
</component>
</module>
「這意味着每個應用程序一個項目,每個庫和每個測試應用程序一個模塊」...這是什麼意思?如果「測試應用程序」是一個應用程序,那麼每個項目只能有兩個模塊,一個用於應用程序(常規應用程序或測試應用程序),另一個用於庫。 – LarsH
@LarsH,我會把它改爲:「每個主應用程序的項目」 – Nico