如何備份和恢復一個PostgreSQL數據庫？

Question

大師 我需要備份和恢復一個PostgreSQL數據庫。 我的操作系統版本是Ubuntu的14.04 64位，而PostgreSQL是：

gid: ~/works $ pg_config --version 
PostgreSQL 9.3.15 

我用pg_dump的備份數據庫：

gid: ~/works $ pg_dump -U db_name_user -F t db_name > db_name.tar 

我嘗試使用pg_restore的恢復數據庫並獲取失敗：

gid: ~/works $ pg_restore -U db_name_user -F t -d db_name db_name.tar 

pg_restore: [archiver (db)] Error while PROCESSING TOC: 
pg_restore: [archiver (db)] Error from TOC entry 3621; 0 0 COMMENT EXTENSION plpgsql 
pg_restore: [archiver (db)] could not execute query: ERROR: must be owner of extension plpgsql 
Command was: COMMENT ON EXTENSION plpgsql IS 'PL/pgSQL procedural language'; 

pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges could be revoked for "public" 
pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges could be revoked for "public" 
pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges were granted for "public" 
pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges were granted for "public" 
WARNING: errors ignored on restore: 1 

我不知道這是什麼意思？ 如何備份和恢復PostgreSQL數據庫？

非常感謝。

------------------------ update 1 -------------------- ----

即使我補充說：「--no所有者」選項時的pg_dump和pg_restore的，我還是得到了同樣的錯誤消息：

gid:~/works $ pg_restore -U db_name_user -O -Ft -d db_name db_name.tar 
pg_restore: [archiver (db)] Error while PROCESSING TOC: 
pg_restore: [archiver (db)] Error from TOC entry 3621; 0 0 COMMENT EXTENSION plpgsql 
pg_restore: [archiver (db)] could not execute query: ERROR: must be owner of extension plpgsql 
    Command was: COMMENT ON EXTENSION plpgsql IS 'PL/pgSQL procedural language'; 

pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges could be revoked for "public" 
pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges could be revoked for "public" 
pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges were granted for "public" 
pg_restore: WARNING: no privileges were granted for "public" 
WARNING: errors ignored on restore: 1 

Answer 1

您可以發表評論的語言忽略錯誤 - 它不會影響你的代碼。 也可以考慮不使用所有者來避免這種警告。但請記住，所有者將成爲您在pg_restore上連接的用戶，而不是原來的用戶。請閱讀文檔： https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/app-pgrestore.html：

-O

--no-owner Do not output commands to set ownership of objects to match the original database. By default, pg_restore issues ALTER OWNER or SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION statements to set ownership of created schema elements. These statements will fail unless the initial connection to the database is made by a superuser (or the same user that owns all of the objects in the script). With -O, any user name can be used for the initial connection, and this user will own all the created objects.