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我已經閱讀了大量關於內存損壞的文章，看起來它可能是一個相當難以解決的問題。當我在我的linux機器上運行我的代碼時，它運行良好，valgrind不報告任何泄漏或錯誤。但是，當我使用VS2008在我的實驗室的Windows機器上運行代碼時，出現錯誤的alloc錯誤，使用_RAISE（nomem）停止。這對我來說似乎很奇怪，因爲我會期望valgrind能夠抓住它。掙扎 - 又一個內存損壞問題，壞分配（C++，VS 2008）
void *__CRTDECL operator new(size_t size) _THROW1(_STD bad_alloc)
{ // try to allocate size bytes
void *p;
while ((p = malloc(size)) == 0)
if (_callnewh(size) == 0)
{ // report no memory
static const std::bad_alloc nomem;
_RAISE(nomem);
}
return (p);
}
從我讀過，好像這個問題往往來自於過去寫的內存分配塊的結束或已釋放後，但我沒有任何運氣查明，可能是發生。這是我嘗試運行Release版本後的調用堆棧。
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msvcr90.dll!_CxxThrowException(void * pExceptionObject=0x0040f6d4, const _s__ThrowInfo * pThrowInfo=0x6f63d604) Line 161 C++
msvcr90.dll!operator new(unsigned int size=4) Line 63 + 0x17 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::vector<unsigned char,std::allocator<unsigned char> >::vector<unsigned char,std::allocator<unsigned char> >(const std::vector<unsigned char,std::allocator<unsigned char> > & _Right=[...]()) Line 500 + 0x31 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!DendriteSegment::DendriteSegment(const DendriteSegment & __that={...}) + 0x4a bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::list<DendriteSegment,std::allocator<DendriteSegment> >::_Buynode(std::_List_nod<DendriteSegment,std::allocator<DendriteSegment> >::_Node * _Next=0x005d84d0, std::_List_nod<DendriteSegment,std::allocator<DendriteSegment> >::_Node * _Prev=0x0093af50, const DendriteSegment & _Val={...}) Line 1208 C++
tempMem.exe!TP::adaptSegments(Cell * & cellToAdapt=0x005d8450, std::list<segUpdate,std::allocator<segUpdate> > & segUpdateList=[1]({segToUpdate=0x00000000 synapseChanges=[0]() newSynapsesToAdd=[2](0x005bc8f8 {DSlist=[19]({sequenceSegment=true synapse=[3](0x005d79a0 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d7af8 currentState=0x005d79c0 ...},0x005d7ef8 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d8050 currentState=0x005d7f18 ...},0x005d8450 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d85a8 currentState=0x005d8470 ...}) permanence=[3](80 'P',80 'P',80 'P') ...},. ), bool posReinforce=true) Line 701 + 0x1b bytes C++
tempMem.exe!Level::TPlearning() Line 236 + 0x26 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!main(int argc=, char * * argv=) Line 96 C++
msvcr90.dll!_encode_pointer(void * ptr=0x6f5d3607) Line 114 + 0x5 bytes C
0069ee20()
msvcr90.dll!_initterm(void (void)* * pfbegin=0x00000001, void (void)* * pfend=0x000a1ef8) Line 903 C
tempMem.exe!__tmainCRTStartup() Line 582 + 0x17 bytes C
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當從這裏
#ifdef _WIN64
return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size ? size : 1);
#else /* _WIN64 */
if (__active_heap == __SYSTEM_HEAP) {
return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size ? size : 1);
} else
if (__active_heap == __V6_HEAP) {
if (pvReturn = V6_HeapAlloc(size)) {
return pvReturn;
}
}
在運行調試會話我得到一個不同的錯誤（這似乎並不雖然發生的時間......）
return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size ? size : 1);
這種情況的調用堆棧是
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msvcr90d.dll!_heap_alloc_base(unsigned int size=38) Line 105 + 0x28 bytes C
msvcr90d.dll!_heap_alloc_dbg_impl(unsigned int nSize=2, int nBlockUse=1, const char * szFileName=0x00000000, int nLine=0, int * errno_tmp=0x0052f284) Line 427 + 0x9 bytes C++
msvcr90d.dll!_nh_malloc_dbg_impl(unsigned int nSize=2, int nhFlag=0, int nBlockUse=1, const char * szFileName=0x00000000, int nLine=0, int * errno_tmp=0x0052f284) Line 239 + 0x19 bytes C++
msvcr90d.dll!_nh_malloc_dbg(unsigned int nSize=2, int nhFlag=0, int nBlockUse=1, const char * szFileName=0x00000000, int nLine=0) Line 296 + 0x1d bytes C++
msvcr90d.dll!malloc(unsigned int nSize=2) Line 56 + 0x15 bytes C++
msvcr90d.dll!operator new(unsigned int size=2) Line 59 + 0x9 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::_Allocate(unsigned int _Count=2) Line 43 + 0xc bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::allocator<uint8_t>::allocate(unsigned int _Count=2) Line 145 + 0x13 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::::_Buy(unsigned int _Capacity=2) Line 1115 + 0x14 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::::vector(const std::vector<uint8_t, std::allocator<uint8_t> > & _Right=[2](80 'P',80 'P')) Line 501 + 0x2b bytes C++
tempMem.exe!DendriteSegment::DendriteSegment() + 0x8b bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::_Construct(DendriteSegment * _Ptr=0x007e7490, const DendriteSegment & _Val={...}) Line 52 + 0x97 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::allocator<DendriteSegment>::construct(DendriteSegment * _Ptr=0x007e7490, const DendriteSegment & _Val={...}) Line 155 + 0x15 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::::_Buynode(std::_List_nod<DendriteSegment, std::allocator<DendriteSegment> >::_Node * _Next=0x00637f60, std::_List_nod<DendriteSegment, std::allocator<DendriteSegment> >::_Node * _Prev=0x00bfcb50, const DendriteSegment & _Val={...}) Line 1199 + 0x47 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::::_Insert(std::list<DendriteSegment, std::allocator<DendriteSegment> >::_Const_iterator<1> _Where={sequenceSegment=true synapse=[0]() permanence=[0]() ...}, const DendriteSegment & _Val={...}) Line 718 + 0x65 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!std::::push_back(const DendriteSegment & _Val={...}) Line 670 + 0x6f bytes C++
tempMem.exe!TP::adaptSegments(Cell * & cellToAdapt=0x00637ee8, std::list<segUpdate, std::allocator<segUpdate> > & segUpdateList=[1](...), bool posReinforce=true) Line 701 + 0x16 bytes C++
tempMem.exe!TP::phase3() Line 949 + 0x3e bytes C++
tempMem.exe!Col::TPphase3() Line 398 + 0xd bytes C++
tempMem.exe!Level::TPlearning() Line 236 + 0x4a bytes C++
tempMem.exe!Network::runTPlearning() Line 93 + 0xd bytes C++
tempMem.exe!main(int argc=1, char * * argv=0x006f62a0) Line 93 + 0xd bytes C++
tempMem.exe!__tmainCRTStartup() Line 582 + 0x19 bytes C
tempMem.exe!mainCRTStartup() Line 399 C
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這是我第一次調試這種類型的問題，我希望我只是忽略/誤解明顯的東西...
下面是調用堆棧（版本）
對應此行的adaptSegments函數的代碼tempMem.exe!TP::adaptSegments(Cell * & cellToAdapt=0x005d8450, std::list<segUpdate,std::allocator<segUpdate> > & segUpdateList=[1]({segToUpdate=0x00000000 synapseChanges=[0]() newSynapsesToAdd=[2](0x005bc8f8 {DSlist=[19]({sequenceSegment=true synapse=[3](0x005d79a0 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d7af8 currentState=0x005d79c0 ...},0x005d7ef8 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d8050 currentState=0x005d7f18 ...},0x005d8450 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d85a8 currentState=0x005d8470 ...}) permanence=[3](80 'P',80 'P',80 'P') ...},. ), bool posReinforce=true) Line 701 + 0x1b bytes
bool TP::adaptSegments(Cell *& cellToAdapt,
std::list<segUpdate> & segUpdateList, bool posReinforce)
{
std::list<segUpdate>::iterator curSegUpdate;
std::list<activeSynapsePair>::iterator curSyn;
std::list<Cell *>::iterator synToAdd;
int size = 0;
//for each segUpdate element in the cell's segUpdateList
for (curSegUpdate = segUpdateList.begin();
curSegUpdate != segUpdateList.end(); ++curSegUpdate)
{
//if the segment already exists
if (curSegUpdate->segToUpdate != NULL)
{
//if sequence segment flag is true, set it on DS
if(curSegUpdate->sequenceSegment == true)
{curSegUpdate->segToUpdate->sequenceSegment = true;}
if (posReinforce == true)
{
//for each synapses permanence pair in segUpdate
for (curSyn = (curSegUpdate->
synapseChanges.begin());
curSyn !=(curSegUpdate->synapseChanges.end());
++curSyn)
{
//decrement inactive synapses
if (curSyn->second == false)
{
if (*(curSyn->first)-
permanenceDec < 0)
{*(curSyn->first) = 0;}
else
{*(curSyn->first)-=
permanenceDec;}
}
//increment active synapses
else if (curSyn->second == true)
{
if (*(curSyn->first)+
permanenceInc > 100)
{*(curSyn->first) =100;}
else
{*(curSyn->first)+=
permanenceInc;}
}
}
}
else if (posReinforce == false)
{
//for each synapses permanence pair in segUpdate
for (curSyn = (curSegUpdate->
synapseChanges.begin());
curSyn !=(curSegUpdate->synapseChanges.end());
++curSyn)
{
//decrement active synapses
if (curSyn->second == true)
{
if (*(curSyn->first)-
permanenceDec < 0)
{*(curSyn->first) = 0;}
else
{*(curSyn->first)-=
permanenceDec;}
}
}
}
//if adding synapses to an existing segment
if (curSegUpdate->newSynapsesToAdd.empty()==false)
{
if (curSegUpdate->segToUpdate->synapse.size()
<MAX_NUM_SYN)
{
//for each synapses in newSynapses
for (synToAdd =
curSegUpdate->newSynapsesToAdd.begin();
synToAdd != curSegUpdate->
newSynapsesToAdd.end(); ++synToAdd)
{
//add new synapse to list
curSegUpdate->segToUpdate->
synapse.push_back(*synToAdd);
//and permenance with initialPerm
curSegUpdate->segToUpdate->
permanence.push_back(initialPerm);
}
}//if less than MAX_NUM_SYN
}
}//end if segment already exists
//if segment doesn't exist, create a new segment & add synapses
else if (curSegUpdate->segToUpdate == NULL)
{
size = curSegUpdate->newSynapsesToAdd.size();
if (size != 0)
{
DendriteSegment myNewSeg; //create a new DS
//set sequenceSegment flag if it is true
if (curSegUpdate->sequenceSegment == true)
{myNewSeg.sequenceSegment = true;}
std::copy(curSegUpdate->newSynapsesToAdd.begin(),
curSegUpdate->newSynapsesToAdd.end(),
std::back_inserter(myNewSeg.synapse));
myNewSeg.permanence.resize(size, initialPerm);
//then add it to the cells list of DS
cellToAdapt->DSlist.push_back(myNewSeg);
}//if size not 0
}
}
return true;}
我的下一步是嘗試應用程序驗證程序。我嘗試了英特爾Inspector XE 2011，但它似乎沒有檢測到任何相關的內存問題。
更新：使用gflags我發現我的悲哀的原因是由於指向std :: vector中的元素。使用myVector.push_back（newElem）向矢量添加元素，導致指向矢量元素的指針變爲壞。我將std :: list替換爲不具有相同問題的向量（請參閱here）