Python pip無法找到pyodbc

Question

使用virtualenv並試圖安裝pyodbc。我可以找到的所有資源聲稱這應該是非常簡單的。畢竟MySQL的基本安裝等，只是做：

pip install pyodbc 

但是，我看到一個非常奇怪的錯誤。它沒有任何東西（據我所知）與缺失的圖書館有關，在長時間谷歌搜索這類錯誤之後，我根本找不到任何有建設性的東西。

(local-dev)espears@espears-w ~ $ pip install pyodbc 
Downloading/unpacking pyodbc 
    Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement pyodbc 
    Some externally hosted files were ignored (use --allow-external pyodbc to allow). 
Cleaning up... 
No distributions at all found for pyodbc 
Storing debug log for failure in /home/espears/.pip/pip.log 

所以，我試圖用「允許外部的」選項，它並不能幫助：

(local-dev)espears@espears-w ~ $ pip install --allow-external pyodbc 
You must give at least one requirement to install (see "pip help install") 

但幫助文檔使它看起來，我正確地使用這個選項，例如從運行pip help install的輸出：

Package Index Options: 

... 

    --allow-external <package> Allow the installation of externally hosted files 

這裏的結果在PIP日誌文件：

(local-dev)espears@espears-w ~ $ cat /home/espears/.pip/pip.log 
Downloading/unpacking pyodbc 
    Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/ 
    URLs to search for versions for pyodbc: 
    * https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/ 
    Analyzing links from page https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/ 
    Skipping link http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/); not a file 
    Skipping link http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/); not a file 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Not searching http://code.google.com/p/pyodbc/downloads/list (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/pyodbc/) for files because external urls are disallowed. 
    Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement pyodbc 
    Some externally hosted files were ignored (use --allow-external pyodbc to allow). 
Cleaning up... 
    Removing temporary dir /home/espears/.virtualenvs/local-dev/build... 
No distributions at all found for pyodbc 
Exception information: 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/home/espears/.virtualenvs/local-dev/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main 
    status = self.run(options, args) 
    File "/home/espears/.virtualenvs/local-dev/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 270, in run 
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle) 
    File "/home/espears/.virtualenvs/local-dev/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req.py", line 1157, in prepare_files 
    url = finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=self.upgrade) 
    File "/home/espears/.virtualenvs/local-dev/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/index.py", line 285, in find_requirement 
    raise DistributionNotFound('No distributions at all found for %s' % req) 
DistributionNotFound: No distributions at all found for pyodbc 

這使得它看起來，如果我可以只拿到--allow-external選項起作用，它會工作，因爲它清楚地看到了獲取pyodbc的常見位置。

但是我很疑惑爲什麼需要這樣做，幾乎所有的安裝pyodbc的引用都不需要爲了啓用外部鏈接而走出困境。我也一直在今天整天安裝很多軟件包，幾乎沒有問題，在任何其他情況下肯定不會遇到這種需求。

我在Ubuntu 12.04上使用Python 2.7.3的pip版本1.5。

Answer 1

運行pip install --allow-external pyodbc --allow-unverified pyodbc pyodbc將工作，如果PyPI目錄結構是正確的。

當我最初發布這個答案時，基於pip.log輸出，我認爲該包的網站目錄結構已損壞。您總是可以通過指定包的URL來解決此類問題，如pip install https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-downloads/v2/code.google.com/pyodbc/pyodbc-3.0.7.zip，不同版本的鏈接描述爲here。

Answer 2

我剛剛嘗試安裝pyodbc以及擊中相同的牆。我認爲你和我都遇到的問題是--allow-external也會消耗下一個參數。所以，你真的需要這樣寫：

sudo pip install --allow-external pyodbc pyodbc 

我然後打另一個錯誤約未經覈實，使實際工作對我來說命令是：

sudo pip install --allow-external pyodbc --allow-unverified pyodbc pyodbc 

注意，一旦做對安裝的權限文件阻止普通用戶訪問pyodbc。所以我進去手動調整了所有已安裝軟件包的權限（似乎比找到pyodbc所需的文件更容易）。

cd /usr/local/lib/python2.7/ 
chmod -R o=g dist-packages 

根據EMS的建議，我給Pip bug跟蹤器添加了一個問題。它可以在這裏找到：

https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1893

Answer 3

FWIW，比上安裝二進制其他微軟Windows任何東西（Windows安裝）對我來說是累贅在Windows/cygwin的混合環境。

我選擇使用pypyodbc，因爲它是純Python，並且不需要對我的Windows/Linux開發進行任何更改。它可以被視爲almost drop-in replacement for pyodbc，無需編譯，當然可以用pip install pypyodbc輕鬆安裝。

Answer 4

有一個 「容易」 的方式在一個virualenv Windows安裝pyodbc使用的easy_install：你的virtualenv

• 下載最新pyodbc的Windows安裝程序
• 激活

• easy_install pyodbc-3.0.7.win32-py2.7.exe

用於pywin32請參閱：How can I use pywin32 with a virtualenv without having to include the host environment's site-packages folder?

Answer 5

我成功時

sudo pip install --allow-external pyodbc --allow-unverified pyodbc pyodbc 

安裝。但是，我也需要unixodbc-dev包，以便pyodbc實際編譯。

Answer 6

--allow-unverified和--allow-external都將包名稱作爲參數。

From pip help install: 
--allow-external <package> Allow the installation of a package even if it 
          is externally hosted 
--allow-unverified <package> Allow the installation of a package even if it 
          is hosted in an insecure and unverifiable way 

• --allow-external需要一個參數（第的外部，以允許名稱）。
• --allow-unverified也一樣。
• 隨着pip install --allow-external pyodbc，您允許外部被叫pyodbc

• pip install --allow-external pyodbc pydodbc是你需要什麼，第一pyodbc允許外，第二個實際上告訴點子要安裝的軟件包。

  從PIP幫助安裝： --allow-外部允許哪怕是 外部包的安裝託管 --allow-未經確認允許即使 在不安全的託管包的安裝和無法驗證的方式

所以您的使用情況應該是

pip install <pkg> --allow-unverified <pkg> --allow-external <pkg>

或小困惑：

pip install --allow-unverified <pkg> --allow-external <pkg> <pkg>

切勿使用--allow-all-external，當你只想讓一個不ALL。它殺死了安全檢查的全部目的。