如何在SQL Server中使用子選擇插入外鍵

Question

我剛開始第一次使用SQL Server，並且在填充測試數據時遇到問題。我有兩個表，其中一個有外鍵等，我希望能夠使用下列SQL插入一個新的記錄：

insert into Employee (
    EmployeeName, 
    DepartmentId 
) values (
    "John Doe", 
    (select Id from Department where DepartmentName = 'Accounting') 
); 

此語句工作正常，在甲骨文，但在SQL Server中，我得到一個錯誤說：

Subqueries are not allowed in this context. 

有沒有人知道在SQL Server中這樣做的正確方法？

Answer 1

INSERT INTO Employee 
    (EmployeeName, DepartmentId) 
SELECT 
    'John Doe' AS EmployeeName, Id AS DepartmentId 
FROM 
    Department WHERE DepartmentName = 'Accounting'; 

Answer 2

你可以這樣做：如果有超過一個會計部門

insert into Employee (
    EmployeeName, 
    DepartmentId 
) 
SELECT 'John Doe', Id 
FROM Department 
WHERE DepartmentName = 'Accounting' 

Answer 3

您的查詢將在Oracle失敗。

如果依賴於這種行爲，使用此語法：

INSERT 
INTO Employee 
     (
     EmployeeName, 
     DepartmentId 
     ) 
SELECT "John Doe", 
     (
     SELECT id 
     FROM Department 
     WHERE DepartmentName = 'Accounting' 
     ) 

否則，只是利用他人提出的SELECT FROM Department語法。

但是請注意，這句法將插入John Doe兩次或更多次，如果有與name設置爲Accounting在Deparments多行。