2008-10-28 359 views
50

我有一個RSA私鑰,格式爲PEM,有沒有一種直接的方式可以從.NET讀取並實例化一個RSACryptoServiceProvider來解密用相應公共加密的數據鍵?如何從.NET讀取PEM RSA私鑰

回答

41

我解決了,謝謝。如果有人感興趣,bouncycastle做了竅門,由於缺乏我的知識和文檔,我花了一些時間。這是代碼:

var bytesToDecrypt = Convert.FromBase64String("la0Cz.....D43g=="); // string to decrypt, base64 encoded 

AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair; 

using (var reader = File.OpenText(@"c:\myprivatekey.pem")) // file containing RSA PKCS1 private key 
    keyPair = (AsymmetricCipherKeyPair) new PemReader(reader).ReadObject(); 

var decryptEngine = new Pkcs1Encoding(new RsaEngine()); 
decryptEngine.Init(false, keyPair.Private); 

var decrypted = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(decryptEngine.ProcessBlock(bytesToDecrypt, 0, bytesToDecrypt.Length)); 
19

你可以看看JavaScience's來源OpenSSLKey。 (OpenSSLKey.cs

那裏的代碼完全符合你想要做的。

事實上,他們有很多加密源代碼available here


源代碼片段:

//------- Parses binary ans.1 RSA private key; returns RSACryptoServiceProvider --- 
public static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPrivateKey(byte[] privkey) 
{ 
     byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ ; 

     // --------- Set up stream to decode the asn.1 encoded RSA private key ------ 
     MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(privkey) ; 
     BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem) ; //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading 
     byte bt = 0; 
     ushort twobytes = 0; 
     int elems = 0; 
     try { 
       twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16(); 
       if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81) 
         binr.ReadByte();  //advance 1 byte 
       else if (twobytes == 0x8230) 
         binr.ReadInt16();  //advance 2 bytes 
       else 
         return null; 

       twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16(); 
       if (twobytes != 0x0102) //version number 
         return null; 
       bt = binr.ReadByte(); 
       if (bt !=0x00) 
         return null; 


       //------ all private key components are Integer sequences ---- 
       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       MODULUS = binr.ReadBytes(elems); 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       E = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       D = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       P = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       Q = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       DP = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       DQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       elems = GetIntegerSize(binr); 
       IQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems) ; 

       Console.WriteLine("showing components .."); 
       if (verbose) { 
         showBytes("\nModulus", MODULUS) ; 
         showBytes("\nExponent", E); 
         showBytes("\nD", D); 
         showBytes("\nP", P); 
         showBytes("\nQ", Q); 
         showBytes("\nDP", DP); 
         showBytes("\nDQ", DQ); 
         showBytes("\nIQ", IQ); 
       } 

       // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key ----- 
       RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); 
       RSAParameters RSAparams = new RSAParameters(); 
       RSAparams.Modulus =MODULUS; 
       RSAparams.Exponent = E; 
       RSAparams.D = D; 
       RSAparams.P = P; 
       RSAparams.Q = Q; 
       RSAparams.DP = DP; 
       RSAparams.DQ = DQ; 
       RSAparams.InverseQ = IQ; 
       RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams); 
       return RSA; 
     } 
     catch (Exception) { 
       return null; 
     } 
     finally { 
       binr.Close(); 
     } 
} 
+0

試過了,也不行,並沒有花時間去通過代碼呢,我倒是希望有一個更簡單解。 – Simone 2008-10-28 15:22:54

+0

你能否提供失敗的細節?我看了一下代碼,它看起來應該可以工作。也許你甚至可以發佈PEM文件? (如果你有一個不敏感的)。 – 2008-10-29 22:33:31

+1

我剛剛從[此SO問題](http://stackoverflow.com/a/1162519/12597)中找到了交叉鏈接的答案。現在我發現它是實際的代碼文件,而且它們實際上只是解碼ASN.1編碼的數據,所以這個答案值得更多+1。 (他們真的不應該稱自己爲`JavaScience`) – 2012-10-09 19:53:15

1

檢查http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd203099.aspx

下加密應用程序塊。

不知道你是否會得到你的答案,但它是值得一試。

編輯註釋之後

好的,然後檢查此代碼。

using System.Security.Cryptography; 


public static string DecryptEncryptedData(stringBase64EncryptedData, stringPathToPrivateKeyFile) { 
    X509Certificate2 myCertificate; 
    try{ 
     myCertificate = new X509Certificate2(PathToPrivateKeyFile); 
    } catch{ 
     throw new CryptographicException("Unable to open key file."); 
    } 

    RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaObj; 
    if(myCertificate.HasPrivateKey) { 
     rsaObj = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)myCertificate.PrivateKey; 
    } else 
     throw new CryptographicException("Private key not contained within certificate."); 

    if(rsaObj == null) 
     return String.Empty; 

    byte[] decryptedBytes; 
    try{ 
     decryptedBytes = rsaObj.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(Base64EncryptedData), false); 
    } catch { 
     throw new CryptographicException("Unable to decrypt data."); 
    } 

    // Check to make sure we decrpyted the string 
    if(decryptedBytes.Length == 0) 
     return String.Empty; 
    else 
     return System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(decryptedBytes); 
} 
4

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY---- 

-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- 

之間的東西是一個PKCS#8 PrivateKeyInfo進行的base64編碼(除非它說RSA加密的私有密鑰在這種情況下它是一個EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo)。

手動解碼並不困難,但除此之外,您最好的選擇是P/Invoke到CryptImportPKCS8


更新:CryptImportPKCS8功能不再用作Windows Server 2008和Windows Vista中的。而是使用PFXImportCertStore函數。

21

對於容易導入RSA私鑰,而無需使用第三方代碼,如BouncyCastle的,我想答案是「不,不是用私有密鑰的PEM孤獨。」然而,正如Simone所暗示的那樣,您可以簡單地將私鑰(* .key)的PEM和使用該密鑰(* .crt)的證書文件組合成一個* .pfx文件,然後可以將其輕鬆進口。

要生成命令行PFX文件:

using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates; 

X509Certificate2 combinedCertificate = new X509Certificate2(@"C:\path\to\file.pfx"); 

現在你可以按照從MSDN的例子加密:

openssl pkcs12 -in a.crt -inkey a.key -export -out a.pfx 

然後與.NET證書類如正常使用並通過RSACryptoServiceProvider進行解密:

我忽略瞭解密您需要導入使用PFX密碼和可導出的fla G。 (見:BouncyCastle RSAPrivateKey to .NET RSAPrivateKey

X509KeyStorageFlags flags = X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable; 
X509Certificate2 cert = new X509Certificate2("my.pfx", "somepass", flags); 

RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)cert.PrivateKey; 
RSAParameters rsaParam = rsa.ExportParameters(true); 
2

好吧,我使用mac來生成我的自簽名密鑰。這是我使用的工作方法。

我創建了一個shell腳本來加速我的密鑰生成。

genkey.sh

#/bin/sh 

ssh-keygen -f host.key 
openssl req -new -key host.key -out request.csr 
openssl x509 -req -days 99999 -in request.csr -signkey host.key -out server.crt 
openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey host.key -in server.crt -out private_public.p12 -name "SslCert" 
openssl base64 -in private_public.p12 -out Base64.key 

添加+ X執行標誌的腳本

chmod +x genkey.sh 

然後調用genkey.sh

./genkey.sh 

我輸入密碼(必須列入至少在最後輸出密碼)

Enter pass phrase for host.key: 
Enter Export Password: {Important to enter a password here} 
Verifying - Enter Export Password: { Same password here } 

我然後採取一切Base64.Key,放入一個名爲sslKey

private string sslKey = "MIIJiAIBA...................................." + 
         "......................ETC...................." + 
         "......................ETC...................." + 
         "......................ETC...................." + 
         ".............ugICCAA="; 

字符串,然後我用了一個延遲加載屬性的getter讓我的X509證書用私鑰。

X509Certificate2 _serverCertificate = null; 
X509Certificate2 serverCertificate{ 
    get 
    { 
     if (_serverCertificate == null){ 
      string pass = "Your Export Password Here"; 
      _serverCertificate = new X509Certificate(Convert.FromBase64String(sslKey), pass, X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable); 
     } 
     return _serverCertificate; 
    } 
} 

我想,因爲我在Mac上使用.NET 2.0和Mono走這條路,我想用香草框架代碼,沒有編譯庫或依賴關係。

我給這最終用途是SslStream到TCP通信固定到我的應用程序

SslStream sslStream = new SslStream(serverCertificate, false, SslProtocols.Tls, true); 

我希望這可以幫助其他人。

注意

沒有密碼我無法正確地解開導出私鑰。

0

對於不想使用Bouncy並嘗試使用其他答案中包含的某些代碼的人,我發現該代碼在大多數情況下都能正常工作,但在某些RSA專用字符串上跳轉,例如作爲我在下面包含的那個。通過查看有彈性的代碼,我調整由wprl提供的代碼

RSAparams.D = ConvertRSAParametersField(D, MODULUS.Length); 
    RSAparams.DP = ConvertRSAParametersField(DP, P.Length); 
    RSAparams.DQ = ConvertRSAParametersField(DQ, Q.Length); 
    RSAparams.InverseQ = ConvertRSAParametersField(IQ, Q.Length); 

    private static byte[] ConvertRSAParametersField(byte[] bs, int size) 
    { 
     if (bs.Length == size) 
      return bs; 

     if (bs.Length > size) 
      throw new ArgumentException("Specified size too small", "size"); 

     byte[] padded = new byte[size]; 
     Array.Copy(bs, 0, padded, size - bs.Length, bs.Length); 
     return padded; 
    } 

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- 
MIIEoQIBAAKCAQEAxCgWAYJtfKBVa6Px1Blrj+3Wq7LVXDzx+MiQFrLCHnou2Fvb 
fxuDeRmd6ERhDWnsY6dxxm981vTlXukvYKpIZQYpiSzL5pyUutoi3yh0+/dVlsHZ 
UHheVGZjSMgUagUCLX1p/augXltAjgblUsj8GFBoKJBr3TMKuR5TwF7lBNYZlaiR 
k9MDZTROk6MBGiHEgD5RaPKA/ot02j3CnSGbGNNubN2tyXXAgk8/wBmZ4avT0U4y 
5oiO9iwCF/Hj9gK/S/8Q2lRsSppgUSsCioSg1CpdleYzIlCB0li1T0flB51zRIpg 
JhWRfmK1uTLklU33xfzR8zO2kkfaXoPTHSdOGQIDAQABAoIBAAkhfzoSwttKRgT8 
sgUYKdRJU0oqyO5s59aXf3LkX0+L4HexzvCGbK2hGPihi42poJdYSV4zUlxZ31N2 
XKjjRFDE41S/Vmklthv8i3hX1G+Q09XGBZekAsAVrrQfRtP957FhD83/GeKf3MwV 
Bhe/GKezwSV3k43NvRy2N1p9EFa+i7eq1e5i7MyDxgKmja5YgADHb8izGLx8Smdd 
+v8EhWkFOcaPnQRj/LhSi30v/CjYh9MkxHMdi0pHMMCXleiUK0Du6tnsB8ewoHR3 
oBzL4F5WKyNHPvesYplgTlpMiT0uUuN8+9Pq6qsdUiXs0wdFYbs693mUMekLQ4a+ 
1FOWvQECgYEA7R+uI1r4oP82sTCOCPqPi+fXMTIOGkN0x/1vyMXUVvTH5zbwPp9E 
0lG6XmJ95alMRhjvFGMiCONQiSNOQ9Pec5TZfVn3M/w7QTMZ6QcWd6mjghc+dGGE 
URmCx8xaJb847vACir7M08AhPEt+s2C7ZokafPCoGe0qw/OD1fLt3NMCgYEA08WK 
S+G7dbCvFMrBP8SlmrnK4f5CRE3pV4VGneWp/EqJgNnWwaBCvUTIegDlqS955yVp 
q7nVpolAJCmlUVmwDt4gHJsWXSQLMXy3pwQ25vdnoPe97y3xXsi0KQqEuRjD1vmw 
K7SXoQqQeSf4z74pFal4CP38U3pivvoE4MQmJeMCfyJFceWqQEUEneL+IYkqrZSK 
7Y8urNse5MIC3yUlcose1cWVKyPh4RCEv2rk0U1gKqX29Jb9vO2L7RflAmrLNFuA 
J+72EcRxsB68RAJqA9VHr1oeAejQL0+JYF2AK4dJG/FsvvFOokv4eNU+FBHY6Tzo 
k+t63NDidkvb5jIF6lsCgYEAlnQ08f5Y8Z9qdCosq8JpKYkwM+kxaVe1HUIJzqpZ 
X24RTOL3aa8TW2afy9YRVGbvg6IX9jJcMSo30Llpw2cl5xo21Dv24ot2DF2gGN+s 
peFF1Z3Naj1Iy99p5/KaIusOUBAq8pImW/qmc/1LD0T56XLyXekcuK4ts6Lrjkit 
FaMCgYAusOLTsRgKdgdDNI8nMQB9iSliwHAG1TqzB56S11pl+fdv9Mkbo8vrx6g0 
NM4DluCGNEqLZb3IkasXXdok9e8kmX1en1lb5GjyPbc/zFda6eZrwIqMX9Y68eNR 
IWDUM3ckwpw3rcuFXjFfa+w44JZVIsgdoGHiXAdrhtlG/i98Rw== 
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----