SQL錯誤

Question

SELECT 
     Stockmain.VRNOA, 
     item.description as item_description, 
     party.name as party_name, 
     stockmain.vrdate, 
     stockdetail.qty, 
     stockdetail.rate, 
     stockdetail.amount, 
     ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY VRDATE) AS RowNum 
    FROM StockMain 
    INNER JOIN StockDetail 
     ON StockMain.stid = StockDetail.stid 
    INNER JOIN party 
     ON party.party_id = stockmain.party_id 
    INNER JOIN item 
     ON item.item_id = stockdetail.item_id 
    WHERE stockmain.etype='purchase' AND RowNum BETWEEN 1 and (1 + 100) 
    ORDER BY VRDATE DESC 

我試圖執行SQL Server上的這個查詢，並不斷給這個錯誤

無效列名「ROWNUM」。

任何人都可以請看看，並告訴我我在做什麼錯在這裏？

更新

我最初使用的查詢是

SELECT 
    * 
FROM (
    SELECT 
     Stockmain.VRNOA, 
     item.description as item_description, 
     party.name as party_name, 
     stockmain.vrdate, 
     stockdetail.qty, 
     stockdetail.rate, 
     stockdetail.amount, 
     ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY VRDATE DESC) AS RowNum --< ORDER BY 
    FROM StockMain 
    INNER JOIN StockDetail 
     ON StockMain.stid = StockDetail.stid 
    INNER JOIN party 
     ON party.party_id = stockmain.party_id 
    INNER JOIN item 
     ON item.item_id = stockdetail.item_id 
    WHERE stockmain.etype='purchase' 
) AS MyDerivedTable 
WHERE 
    MyDerivedTable.RowNum BETWEEN 1 and 5 

但在數據中的數據是巨大的，使用此查詢減慢檢索過程，所以我修改了查詢如上現在我收到未定義列的這個錯誤。

Answer 1

它看起來像你想進行分頁操作，或者至少是在SQL Server 2012中使用新的尋呼運營商大大簡化了查詢，OFFSET和FETCH：

SELECT 
     Stockmain.VRNOA, 
     item.description as item_description, 
     party.name as party_name, 
     stockmain.vrdate, 
     stockdetail.qty, 
     stockdetail.rate, 
     stockdetail.amount 
    FROM StockMain 
    INNER JOIN StockDetail 
     ON StockMain.stid = StockDetail.stid 
    INNER JOIN party 
     ON party.party_id = stockmain.party_id 
    INNER JOIN item 
     ON item.item_id = stockdetail.item_id 
    WHERE stockmain.etype='purchase' 
    ORDER BY VRDATE DESC 
    OFFSET 0 ROWS 
    FETCH NEXT 100 ROWS ONLY 

欲瞭解更多信息請參閱以下內容：http://www.dbadiaries.com/new-t-sql-features-in-sql-server-2012-offset-and-fetch

Answer 2

把它放在一個子查詢，該ROW_NUMBER()不能在WHERE子句中使用，更何況你不能WHERE子句中使用的SELECT列表中創建別名：

SELECT * 
FROM (SELECT 
      Stockmain.VRNOA, 
      item.description as item_description, 
      party.name as party_name, 
      stockmain.vrdate, 
      stockdetail.qty, 
      stockdetail.rate, 
      stockdetail.amount, 
      ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY VRDATE) AS RowNum 
     FROM StockMain 
     INNER JOIN StockDetail 
      ON StockMain.stid = StockDetail.stid 
     INNER JOIN party 
      ON party.party_id = stockmain.party_id 
     INNER JOIN item 
      ON item.item_id = stockdetail.item_id 
     WHERE etype='purchase' 

)sub 
WHERE RowNum BETWEEN 1 and (1 + 100)  
ORDER BY VRDATE DESC 

更新：在看到更新後，很明顯你已經有了一個工作查詢，但正試圖優化它，即使你可以在主查詢中移動ROW_NUMBER()它不會提高性能，它仍然必須對整個數據執行密集的ORDER組。索引VRDATE將有所幫助。

Answer 3

這是您需要使用內存表或臨時表的情況;

使用內存表;

DECLARE @Table TABLE(ROWID int identity,<all your columns>) 
INSERT INTO @Table (<your columns>) 
SELECT 
     Stockmain.VRNOA, 
     item.description as item_description, 
     party.name as party_name, 
     stockmain.vrdate, 
     stockdetail.qty, 
     stockdetail.rate, 
     stockdetail.amount, 
     ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY VRDATE) AS RowNum 
    FROM StockMain 
    INNER JOIN StockDetail 
     ON StockMain.stid = StockDetail.stid 
    INNER JOIN party 
     ON party.party_id = stockmain.party_id 
    INNER JOIN item 
     ON item.item_id = stockdetail.item_id 
    WHERE etype='purchase' 

    SELECT <columns you need> FROM @Table 

如果您使用#temp表，請務必在SELECT語句後刪除它。