C程序在GDB中的工作，但不是正常

Question

每當我正常運行下面的代碼，它立即退出。但是，當我在GDB中運行它時，它運行正常，並且得到所需的輸出。該程序在我添加線程之前就工作了，所以我確信這個錯誤是與之相關的。我認爲我的代碼中可能存在競爭條件，可能會導致此問題，但我並不完全確定。有關爲何發生這種情況的任何建議？代碼如下所示：

#include <stdio.h> 
#include <stdlib.h> 
#include <string.h> 
#include <sys/types.h> 
#include <dirent.h> 
#include <unistd.h> 
#include <errno.h> 
#include <pthread.h> 

#define NUMTHRDS 4 
pthread_t callThd[NUMTHRDS]; 
pthread_mutex_t mutexsum; 


char* stradd(const char* a, const char* b){ 
    size_t len = strlen(a) + strlen(b); 
    char *ret = (char*)malloc(len * sizeof(char) + 1); 
    *ret = '\0'; 
    return strcat(strcat(ret, a) ,b); 
} 

void lower_string(char *string) 
{ 
    while(*string) 
    { 
     if (*string >= 'A' && *string <= 'Z') 
     { 
     *string = *string + 32; 
     } 
     string++; 
    } 
} 

void *removeNoise(char *arra1[14284][128], char *noiseList1[15][128]) { 
    int i, j; 
    /* mark for removal */ 
    for(i=0; arra1[i][0] != 0x00; i++) { 
     for(j=0; noiseList1[j][0] != 0x00; j++) { 
      if(strcmp(arra1[i], noiseList1[j]) == 0) { 
      pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
      arra1[i][0]=0x1A; /* ASCII ctrl char for substitute - chosen 
           arbitrarily */ 
      pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 
      } 
     } 
    } 

    /* one pass to remove */ 
    for(i=0, j=0; arra1[i][0] != 0x00; i++,j++) { 
    while(arra1[i][0] == 0x1A) 
     i++; 

    if(i!=j) { 
     pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
     strcpy(arra1[j],arra1[i]); 
     pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 
    } 
    } 
    pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
    strcpy(arra1[j],arra1[i]); 
    pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 
    pthread_exit((void*) 0); 
} 

void *substitution(char *arra1[14284][128], char *originalList[10][128], 
char *replacementList[10][128], int size) { 
    int i, j; 
    for(i = 0; i < size; i++) { 
     for(j = 0; j < 10; j++) { 
      if(strcmp(arra1[i], originalList[j]) == 0) { 
       pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
       strcpy(arra1[i], replacementList[j]); 
       pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 
      } 
     } 
    } 

    pthread_exit((void*) 0); 
} 

void *findFreq(char *arra1[14284][128], int freq[14284], int size) { 
    int i, j, count; 
    for(i=0; i<size; i++) 
    { 
     /* Initially initialize frequencies to -1 */ 
     freq[i] = -1; 
    } 

    for(i=0; i<size; i++) 
    { 
     count = 1; 
     for(j=i+1; j<size; j++) 
     { 
      /* If duplicate element is found */ 
      if(strcmp(arra1[i], arra1[j]) == 0) 
      { 
       count++; 
       pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
       /* Make sure not to count frequency of same element again */ 
       freq[j] = 0; 
       pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 

      } 
     } 

     /* If frequency of current element is not counted */ 
     if(freq[i] != 0) 
     { 
      pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
      freq[i] = count; 
      pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 
     } 
    } 

    pthread_exit((void*) 0); 

    /*printf("\nFrequency of all elements of array : \n"); 
    for(i=0; i<size; i++) 
    { 
     if(freq[i] != 0) 
     { 
      printf("%s occurs %d times\n", arra1[i], freq[i]); 
     } 
    }*/ 
} 

void *findCommon(char *arra1[14284][128], int freq[14284], int size) { 
    int i, j; 
    int common = 13; 
    int max, temp; 
    char tempArr[128][128]; 

    for (i = 0; i < common; i++) 
    { 
     pthread_mutex_lock (&mutexsum); 
     max = i; 
     // Find next max index 
     for (j = i+1; j < size; j++) 
     { 
      if (freq[j] > freq[max]) { 
       max = j; 
      } 
     } 
     // Swap numbers in input array 
     tempArr[0][0] = arra1[i][0]; 
     arra1[i][0] = arra1[max][0]; 
     arra1[max][0] = tempArr[0][0]; 
     // Swap indexes in tracking array 
     temp = freq[i]; 
     freq[i] = freq[max]; 
     freq[max] = temp; 
     pthread_mutex_unlock (&mutexsum); 
    } 

    for (i = 0; i < common; i++) { 
     printf("%d -> %s\n", freq[i], arra1[i]); 
    } 

    pthread_exit((void*) 0); 
} 

/* Read in all files from a folder */ 
int main(int argc, char **argv) 
{ 
    char *fileArray[78]; 
    int i, j; 
    DIR *d; 
    struct dirent *dir; 
    char arra[128][128]; 
    char *arra1[14284][128]; 
    char line[1024]; 
    char line1[1024]; 
    char line2[1024]; 
    char noiseList[128][128]; 
    char *noiseList1[15][128]; 
    char conceptList[128][128]; 
    char *conceptList1[20][128]; 
    char *originalList[10][128]; 
    char *replacementList[10][128]; 
    char *token; 
    char *token1; 
    char *path = "./alerts2013/2013/"; 
    char *path1 = "./Noise_and_Concepts/"; 
    char *fileName; 
    char *fileName1; 
    char *fileName2; 
    int freq[14284]; 
    char seps[] = " ,\t\n"; 
    FILE *myfile; 
    FILE *noise; 
    FILE *concept; 
    int size = 0; 
    int replaceSize = 0; 
    d = opendir("./alerts2013/2013"); 
    fileName1 = stradd(path1, "noise.txt"); 
    fileName2 = stradd(path1, "concepts.txt"); 
    //printf("%s\n", fileName1); 
    noise = fopen(fileName1, "r"); 
    if (noise == 0) 
    { 
     printf("can not open file \n"); 
     exit(1); 
    } 
    int a, b; 
    for(a = 0; a < 128; a++) { 
     line[a] = '\0'; 
     line2[a] = '\0'; 
    } 

    for(a = 0; a < 128; a++) { 
     for(b = 0; b < 128; b++) { 
      noiseList[a][b] = '\0'; 
      noiseList1[a][b] = '\0'; 
      arra[a][b] = '\0'; 
      arra1[a][b] = '\0'; 
      conceptList[a][b] = '\0'; 
      conceptList1[a][b] = '\0'; 
      originalList[a][b] = '\0'; 
      replacementList[a][b] = '\0'; 
     } 
    } 
    i = 0; 
    j = 0; 
    int k = 0; 
    int l = 0; 
    int m = 0; 
    int n = 0; 
    int q = 0; 
    int r = 0; 
    while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), noise) != NULL) { 
     strcpy(noiseList[k], line); 
     //printf("%s", noiseList[k]); 
     token = strtok(noiseList[k], seps); 
     while(token != NULL) 
     { 
      /* While there are tokens in "string" */ 
      //printf("%s\n", token); 
      //printf("array ----> %s\n", token); 

      lower_string(token); 
      strcpy(noiseList1[n], token); 
      n++; 
      /* Get next token: */ 
      token = strtok(NULL, seps); 

     } 
     k++; 
    } 

    concept = fopen(fileName2, "r"); 
    if (concept == 0) 
    { 
     printf("can not open file \n"); 
     exit(1); 
    } 

    while(fgets(line2, sizeof(line2), concept) != NULL) { 
     strcpy(conceptList[q], line2); 
     //printf("%s", noiseList[q]); 
     token = strtok(conceptList[q], seps); 
     while(token != NULL) 
     { 
      /* While there are tokens in "string" */ 
      //printf("%s\n", token); 
      //printf("array ----> %s\n", token); 

      lower_string(token); 
      strcpy(conceptList1[r], token); 
      r++; 
      /* Get next token: */ 
      token = strtok(NULL, seps); 

     } 
     q++; 
    } 

    for(i = 0; i < 20; i++) { 
     if(i == 0) { 
      strcpy(originalList[0], conceptList1[0]); 
     } 

     if(i % 2 == 0) { 
      strcpy(originalList[i/2], conceptList1[i]); 
     } 

     else { 
      strcpy(replacementList[replaceSize], conceptList1[i]); 
      replaceSize++; 
     } 
    } 

    if (d) 
    { 
     while ((dir = readdir(d)) != NULL) 
     { 
      fileArray[i] = dir->d_name; 
      //printf("%s\n", fileArray[i]); 
      fileName = stradd(path, dir->d_name); 
      //printf("%s\n", fileName); 
      free(fileName); 
      myfile = fopen(fileName,"r"); 
      if (myfile == 0) 
      { 
       printf("can not open file \n"); 
       exit(1); 
      } 

      for(i = 0; i < 128; i++) { 
       line1[i] = '\0'; 
      } 

      if(myfile != NULL) { 
       while(fgets(line1, sizeof(line1), myfile) != NULL) { 
        strcpy(arra[l], line1); 
        //printf("Tokens:\n"); 
        /* Establish string and get the first token: */ 
        token = strtok(arra[l], seps); 
        while(token != NULL) 
        { 
         /* While there are tokens in "string" */ 
         //printf("%s\n", token); 
         //printf("array ----> %s\n", token); 

         lower_string(token); 
         strcpy(arra1[m], token); 
         //printf("Arra1: %s\n", arra1[m]); 
         size++; 
         m++; 
         /* Get next token: */ 
         token = strtok(NULL, seps); 

        } 


        //printf("array ----> %s ", &arra[i]); 
        i++; 

       } 
      } 

      fclose(myfile); 


      i++; 
     } 

     closedir(d); 
    } 

    pthread_attr_t attr; 
    void *status; 
    pthread_mutex_init(&mutexsum, NULL); 
    /* Create threads to perform the dotproduct */ 
    pthread_attr_init(&attr); 
    pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE); 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) 
    { 
     /* Each thread works on a different set of data. 
     * The offset is specified by 'i'. The size of 
     * the data for each thread is indicated by VECLEN. 
     */ 
     pthread_create(&callThd[i], &attr, removeNoise(arra1, noiseList1),   
     (void *)i); 
    } 

    pthread_attr_destroy(&attr); 
    /* Wait on the other threads */ 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) { 
     pthread_join(callThd[i], &status); 
    } 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) 
    { 
     /* Each thread works on a different set of data. 
     * The offset is specified by 'i'. The size of 
     * the data for each thread is indicated by VECLEN. 
     */ 
     pthread_create(&callThd[i], &attr, substitution(arra1, 
     originalList, replacementList, size), (void *)i); 
} 

    pthread_attr_destroy(&attr); 
    /* Wait on the other threads */ 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) { 
     pthread_join(callThd[i], &status); 
    } 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) 
    { 
     /* Each thread works on a different set of data. 
     * The offset is specified by 'i'. The size of 
     * the data for each thread is indicated by VECLEN. 
     */ 
     pthread_create(&callThd[i], &attr, findFreq(arra1, freq, size), 
     (void *)i); 
    } 

    pthread_attr_destroy(&attr); 
    /* Wait on the other threads */ 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) { 
     pthread_join(callThd[i], &status); 
    } 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) 
    { 
     /* Each thread works on a different set of data. 
     * The offset is specified by 'i'. The size of 
     * the data for each thread is indicated by VECLEN. 
     */ 
     pthread_create(&callThd[i], &attr, findCommon(arra1, freq, size), 
     (void *)i); 
} 

    pthread_attr_destroy(&attr); 
    /* Wait on the other threads */ 

    for(i=0;i<NUMTHRDS;i++) { 
     pthread_join(callThd[i], &status); 
    } 

    /*int p; 
    int w; 
    printf("%d\n", size); 
    for(p = 0; p < 10; p++) { 
     printf("%s\n", replacementList[p]); 
    } 
    for(w = 0; w < size; w++) { 
     printf("Arr1 (final): %s\n", arra1[w]); 
    }*/ 

    FILE * Output; 
    Output = fopen("data.txt", "w"); 
    for(i = 2; i < 12; i++) { 
     fprintf(Output, "%d -> %s", freq[i], arra1[i]); 
     fprintf(Output, " "); 
    } 

    fclose(Output); 
    fclose(noise); 
    fclose(concept); 
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutexsum); 
    pthread_exit(NULL); 
    return(0); 
    } 

Answer 1

如果你看看文檔爲在pthread_create void *(*start_routine) (void *)，它說。這意味着它需要一個指向函數的指針，該函數需要一個void *並返回一個void *。代碼中的任何地方都沒有這樣的功能。那麼如何將指向這樣的函數的指針傳遞給pthread_create？

你有這樣的：

 pthread_create(&callThd[i], &attr, removeNoise(arra1, noiseList1),   
    (void *)i); 

但這種呼籲removeNoise，並傳遞價值返回給pthread_create。您希望新線程呼叫removeNoise，但此代碼本身稱爲removeNoise。那是不對的。

創建一些函數，需要一個void *並返回一個void *並傳遞指向該函數的指針pthread_create，正如文檔所說的那樣。