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我試圖建立的OpenCV 3.1.0我anaconda3安裝和我的體型在失敗：在anaconda3安裝OpenCV的 - Python.h：沒有這樣的文件或目錄
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o
/home/mikel/Soft/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:6:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
我的OpenCV和OpenCV contrib克隆與版本3.1.0通過使用git checkout 3.1.0在兩個和我試圖建立在~/Soft/opencv/build我在哪裏有opencv-contrib ~/Soft/opencv-contrib。我用i7-4960X運行Ubuntu GNOME 15.10。
我的主要目標是使OpenCV的工作在我anaconda3安裝，所以我的cmake的命令如下：
cmake \
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Soft/opencv_contrib/modules \
-D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/home/mikel/anaconda3/bin/python3.5 \
-D PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=/home/mikel/anaconda3/include/ \
-D PYTHON3_LIBRARY=/home/mikel/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.5m.so \
-D PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH=/home/mikel/anaconda3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/ \
-D PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/home/mikel/anaconda3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/numpy/core/include \
-D PYTHON_DEFAULT_AVAILABLE=/home/mikel/anaconda3/bin/python3.5 \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..
我的CMake命令的輸出是在這裏：http://pastebin.com/qtd1wyMb - 一切沒關係，盡我所能看到。
我然後運行make -j12到安裝OpenCV和一些警告後運行良好，直到94％，在這裏我得到下面的輸出：
Scanning dependencies of target opencv_python3
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o
/home/mikel/Soft/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:6:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/build.make:278: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:18929: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/perf/perf_main.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_optflow
[ 94%] [ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/CsvWriter.cpp.o
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/CsvReader.cpp.o
[ 94%] [ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/ModelRegistration.cpp.o
Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_stitching.dir/test/ocl/test_warpers.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/perf/opencl/perf_stitch.cpp.o
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-example-bgfg_segm
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-example-autofocus
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/CsvWriter.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/ModelRegistration.cpp.o
[ 94%] Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_tracking
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Mesh.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target example_bgfg_segm
[ 94%] [ 94%] Built target example_autofocus
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Model.cpp.o
[ 94%] [ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Utils.cpp.o
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/PnPProblem.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Mesh.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_tracking
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Model.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/PnPProblem.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Utils.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/RobustMatcher.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/RobustMatcher.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/perf/opencl/perf_warpers.cpp.o
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-example-3calibration
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_stitching.dir/test/test_main.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target example_3calibration
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_stitching
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_stitching
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration
[ 94%] Built target cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection
[ 94%] Built target cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_perf_stitching
[ 94%] Built target opencv_perf_stitching
Makefile:146: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
從使輸出全是在這裏以供參考：http://pastebin.com/1zNgsckZ
它看起來像我的問題是因爲我使用anaconda3路徑而不是標準的python3路徑，它不能再找到Python.h。但是，當我使用系統python3安裝進行安裝時，我無法將opencv導入到需要它的anaconda中。
我已經安裝了python3-dev和python-dev，所以Python.h應該在我的機器上。爲了使openCV找到Python.h，我需要改變什麼？
編輯：我發現Anaconda3的Python.h是anaconda3 /包括/ python3.5m /所以我設置PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=anaconda3/include/python3.5m/，現在我得到一個不同的錯誤：
Scanning dependencies of target opencv_python3
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_optflow
[ 91%] Building CXX object modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o
In file included from /home/mikel/Soft/opencv/build/modules/python3/pyopencv_generated_include.h:11:0,
from /home/mikel/Soft/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:12:
/home/mikel/Soft/opencv_contrib/modules/hdf/include/opencv2/hdf/hdf5.hpp:40:18: fatal error: hdf5.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/build.make:278: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:18929: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....