如何比較兩個表中具有複合主鍵的行？

Question

這裏是場景：

我有2個數據表，一個是2009年的版本，另一個是2010年的版本。每個表的主鍵都是一個組合鍵。我知道每一行都有不同的行數，我需要找出差異。

通常，在「正常」主鍵設置中，我只需查找其他表中主鍵列表中的主鍵值NOT。但我不知道如何用複合主鍵（或者即使有可能）來做到這一點。

那麼，我怎樣才能比較這兩個表中的行？

---

編輯：更具體地說，我試圖找到表之間的差異，而不是行共同

Answer 1

只是做一個完整的外部與條件聯接基於你的組合鍵：

select t09.*, t10.* 
from table2009 as t09 
    full outer join table2010 as t10 
    on t09.k1 = t10.k1 and t09.k2 = t10.k2 and ... 

如果你只希望看到的結果本身不匹配的行（差） T，那麼where子句中進行篩選：

where t09.k1 is null or t10.k1 is null 

Answer 2

select * from [table2009] right outer join [table2010] on [table2009].[PK1] = [table2010].[PK2] and [table2009].[PK2] = [table2010].[PK2] where [table2009].[PK1] is null

Answer 3

你可以採取複合列的校驗和整個表進行比較，以使連接更加緊湊一些。

select ... 
-------------------------- 
--or left outer join etc. 
-------------------------- 
from a inner join b 
on checksum(a.col1, a.col2, a.col3) = checksum(b.col1, b.col2, b.col3) 

Answer 4

假設你不想比較所有的列。

DECLARE @Table2009 TABLE 
( Year INT 
,Counter INT IDENTITY (-2147483647 , 1) 
,OtherData CHAR(1) 
,PRIMARY KEY (Year, Counter) 
); 
DECLARE @Table2010 TABLE 
( Year INT 
,Counter INT IDENTITY (-2147483647 , 1) 
,OtherData CHAR(1) 
,PRIMARY KEY (Year, Counter) 
); 
SELECT 'NOT IN Table2010' 
    ,Table2009.Year 
    ,Table2009.Counter 
FROM @Table2009 Table2009 
LEFT JOIN @Table2010 Table2010 ON Table2009.Year = Table2010.Year 
      AND Table2009.Counter = Table2010.Counter 
WHERE Table2010.Year IS NULL 
UNION 
SELECT 'NOT IN Table2010' 
    ,Table2009.Year 
    ,Table2009.Counter 
FROM @Table2010 Table2010 
LEFT JOIN @Table2009 Table2009 ON Table2010.Year = Table2009.Year 
      AND Table2010.Counter = Table2009.Counter 
WHERE Table2009.Year IS NULL; 

Answer 5

一些數據來測試：

CREATE TABLE Tbl_1 (
    ID1 integer NOT NULL 
, ID2 int NOT NULL 
, SomeData varchar(20) 
); 
ALTER TABLE Tbl_1 ADD 
    CONSTRAINT pk_tbl_1 PRIMARY KEY (ID1, ID2); 

CREATE TABLE Tbl_2 (
    ID1 integer NOT NULL 
, ID2 int NOT NULL 
, SomeData varchar(20) 
); 
ALTER TABLE Tbl_2 ADD 
    CONSTRAINT pk_tbl_2 PRIMARY KEY (ID1, ID2); 

INSERT INTO Tbl_1 
(ID1, ID2, SomeData) 
VALUES 
    (1, 1, '1_1') 
, (2, 2, '2_2') 
, (3, 3, '3_3') 
; 

INSERT INTO Tbl_2 
(ID1, ID2, SomeData) 
VALUES 
    (1, 1, '1_1') 
, (3, 3, '3_3') 
, (4, 4, '4_4') 
; 

...

-- All rows that are in the first table, 
-- but not in the second one 
SELECT 
    a.ID1 AS t1_ID1 
    ,a.ID2 AS t1_ID2 
    ,a.SomeData AS t1_SomeData 
    ,b.ID1 AS t2_ID1 
    ,b.ID2 AS t2_ID2 
    ,b.SomeData AS t2_SomeData 
FROM Tbl_1 as a 
LEFT JOIN Tbl_2 as b ON b.ID1 = a.ID1 AND b.ID2 = a.ID2 
WHERE b.ID1 IS NULL; 

返回：

t1_ID1 t1_ID2 t1_SomeData t2_ID1 t2_ID2 t2_SomeData 
------- -------- ------------- -------- -------- ----------- 
2  2  2_2   NULL  NULL  NULL 

...

-- All rows that are in the second table, 
-- but not in the first one 
SELECT 
    a.ID1 AS t1_ID1 
    ,a.ID2 AS t1_ID2 
    ,a.SomeData AS t1_SomeData 
    ,b.ID1 AS t2_ID1 
    ,b.ID2 AS t2_ID2 
    ,b.SomeData AS t2_SomeData 
FROM Tbl_1 as a 
RIGHT JOIN Tbl_2 as b ON b.ID1 = a.ID1 AND b.ID2 = a.ID2 
WHERE a.ID1 IS NULL; 

返回：

t1_ID1 t1_ID2 t1_SomeData t2_ID1 t2_ID2 t2_SomeData 
------- ------- ------------- -------- ------- ------------ 
NULL NULL NULL   4  4  4_4 

...

-- Common to both tables 
SELECT 
    a.ID1 AS t1_ID1 
    ,a.ID2 AS t1_ID2 
    ,a.SomeData AS t1_SomeData 
    ,b.ID1 AS t2_ID1 
    ,b.ID2 AS t2_ID2 
    ,b.SomeData AS t2_SomeData 
FROM Tbl_1 as a 
JOIN Tbl_2 as b ON b.ID1 = a.ID1 AND b.ID2 = a.ID2; 

返回

t1_ID1  t1_ID2  t1_SomeData t2_ID1  t2_ID2  t2_SomeData 
----------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ----------- ------------ 
1   1   1_1   1   1   1_1 
3   3   3_3   3   3   3_3 

Answer 6

我用這個樣子！只有一個左外連接。

，我用另一場檢查狀態

SELECT * FROM actas LEFT OUTER JOIN acta_detalle_proceso on actas.id = acta_detalle_proceso.id 
and actas.tipo_acta_id = acta_detalle_proceso.tipo_acta_id and acta_detalle_proceso.estado = 1 
WHERE acta_detalle_proceso.id IS NULL and acta_detalle_proceso.tipo_acta_id IS NULL ; 

Answer 7

-- Entity in Tbl_1 only 
SELECT ID1, ID2 
    FROM Tbl_1 
EXCEPT 
SELECT ID1, ID2 
    FROM Tbl_2; 

-- Entity in Tbl_2 only 
SELECT ID1, ID2 
    FROM Tbl_2 
EXCEPT 
SELECT ID1, ID2 
    FROM Tbl_1; 

-- Entity in both tables 
-- with same attribute values 
SELECT ID1, ID2, SomeData 
    FROM Tbl_1 
INTERSECT 
SELECT ID1, ID2, SomeData 
    FROM Tbl_2; 

-- Entity in both tables but 
-- with different attribute values 
SELECT DISTINCT T1.ID1, T1.ID2, 
     T1.SomeData AS Tbl_1__SomeData, 
     T2.SomeData AS Tbl_2__SomeData 
    FROM Tbl_1 AS T1, Tbl_2 AS T2 
WHERE T1.ID1 = T1.ID1 
     AND T1.ID2 = T2.ID2 
     AND T1.SomeData <> T2.SomeData;