我如何修復Heroku/Ruby上檢測到的「自動加載常量時檢測到循環依賴」錯誤

Question

我在部署後發現Heroku出現此錯誤，但我沒有收到錯誤或本地遇到問題。

下面的命名/命名空間等有什麼問題？我錯過了什麼？

型號/顧慮/採購/ finalize_utils.rb

module Purchase::FinalizeUtils 
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern 
end 

型號/ purchase.rb

class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base 
    include FinalizeUtils 
end 

日誌錯誤：

2017-01-26T22:39:25.553902+00:00 app[web.1]: RuntimeError: Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant Purchase::FinalizeUtils 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:492:in `load_missing_constant' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553903+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:19:in `<class:Purchase>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553904+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/purchase.rb:16:in `<top (required)>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553905+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553906+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553907+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:494:in `load_missing_constant' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553908+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/app/models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb:1:in `<top (required)>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553909+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553910+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:317:in `depend_on' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:472:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553911+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:233:in `require_dependency' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553912+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `block in eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553913+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:346:in `eager_load!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553914+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `block in <module:Finisher>' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553915+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553916+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553917+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553918+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553919+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553921+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.1/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!' 
2017-01-26T22:39:25.553922+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/config/environment.rb:11:in `<top (required)>' 

Answer 1

對於什麼是它的價值與未來的人這個問題，我發現我的問題是事物的組合。

原因之一，這是功能不同，如果生產和發展是此設置的原因：

config.eager_load 

它不是沒有失敗的類似的「設置」的原因（即用戶:: MyModule的）似乎與處理eager_loading文件的順序有關。

問題在於，問題似乎是有時會在模型之前加載，有時候是相反的。這兩個版本都有問題，因爲類購買不被視爲同一類（因爲一類是子類，一類不是），並且沒有正確重新打開。

所以我需要改變這樣的：

module Purchase::FinalizeUtils 
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern 
end 

這樣：

#models/concerns/purchase/finalize_utils.rb 
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base 
    module FinalizeUtils 
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern 
    end 
    end 
end 

這允許類採購重新打開，而不是重新定義。或類似的東西。無論哪種方式，上述方法可以讓我命名空間我關注的，包括這樣的：

#models/purchase.rb 
class Purchase < ActiveRecord::Base 
    include FinalizeUtils 
end 

該文件的名稱不是通過延遲加載找到，但由於該模塊是在課堂上，查找路徑中找到它。