如何使用Groovy編寫Excel文件

Question

我想在Groovy中創建excel文件，然後繪製它們。此代碼取自使用Microsoft Shell腳本語言的示例：

Set objExcel = CreateObject("Excel.Application") 
objExcel.Visible = True 
Set objWorkbook = objExcel.Workbooks.Add() 
Set objWorksheet = objWorkbook.Worksheets(1) 

objWorksheet.Cells(1,1) = "Operating System" 
objWorksheet.Cells(2,1) = "Windows Server 2003" 
objWorksheet.Cells(3,1) = "Windows XP" 
objWorksheet.Cells(5,1) = "Windows NT 4.0" 
objWorksheet.Cells(6,1) = "Other" 

objWorksheet.Cells(1,2) = "Number of Computers" 
objWorksheet.Cells(2,2) = 145 
objWorksheet.Cells(3,2) = 987 
objWorksheet.Cells(4,2) = 611 
objWorksheet.Cells(5,2) = 41 
objWorksheet.Cells(6,2) = 56 

Set objRange = objWorksheet.UsedRange 
objRange.Select 

Set colCharts = objExcel.Charts 
colCharts.Add() 

Set objChart = colCharts(1) 
objChart.Activate 

objChart.HasLegend = FALSE 
objChart.ChartTitle.Text = "Operating System Use" 

我該如何修改此操作才能在Groovy中工作？

Answer 1

您需要groovy才能使用COM。朝這個page的底部是自動化Excel的一個例子。

編輯

這裏是你的例子翻譯成Groovy的（我跑這Groovy的下1.8.2）：

import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.* 
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.XlChartType 
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.XlRowCol 
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.XlChartLocation 

// create a xls instance 
def xls = new ActiveXObject("Excel.Application") 

xls.Visible = true 

Thread.sleep(1000) 

// get the workbooks object 
def workbooks = xls.Workbooks 
// add a new workbook 
def workbook = workbooks.Add() 

// select the active sheet 
def sheet = workbook.ActiveSheet 

cell = sheet.Range("A1") 
cell.Value = "Operating System" 
cell = sheet.Range("A2") 
cell.Value = "Windows Server 2003" 
cell = sheet.Range("A3") 
cell.Value = "Windows XP" 
cell = sheet.Range("A4") 
cell.Value = "Windows NT 4.0" 
cell = sheet.Range("A5") 
cell.Value = "Other" 

cell = sheet.Range("B1") 
cell.Value = "Number of Computers" 
cell = sheet.Range("B2") 
cell.Value = 145 
cell = sheet.Range("B3") 
cell.Value = 987 
cell = sheet.Range("B4") 
cell.Value = 611 
cell = sheet.Range("B5") 
cell.Value = 41 

def chart = workbook.Charts.Add(Scriptom.MISSING, sheet) // create chart object 
chart.ChartType = XlChartType.xl3DArea // set type to pie 
chart.SetSourceData(sheet.Range("A1:B5"), XlRowCol.xlColumns) // set source data 
chart.Location(XlChartLocation.xlLocationAsNewSheet) // add chart as new sheet 

Answer 2

另一種選擇可以是Apache POI，這取決於你需要實際執行。

任何一個選項對初學者來說都會很複雜;簡單的路徑是使用shell。

Answer 3

馬克在上面的回答是一個很好的例子。如果你做幾個簡單的改變，它的事件更容易遵循：

import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.* 
import org.codehaus.groovy.scriptom.tlb.office.excel.* 

def xls = new ActiveXObject("Excel.Application") 

xls.Visible = true 

Thread.sleep(1000) 

// add a new workbook 
def workbook = xls.Workbooks.Add() 

// select the active sheet 
def sheet = workbook.ActiveSheet  

sheet.Range("A1").Value = "Operating System" 
sheet.Range("A2").Value = "Windows Server 2003" 
sheet.Range("A3").Value = "Windows XP" 
sheet.Range("A4").Value = "Windows NT 4.0" 
sheet.Range("A5").Value = "Other" 

sheet.Range("B1").Value = "Number of Computers" 
sheet.Range("B2").Value = 145 
sheet.Range("B3").Value = 987 
sheet.Range("B4").Value = 611 
sheet.Range("B5").Value = 41 

def chart = workbook.Charts.Add(Scriptom.MISSING, sheet) // create chart object 
chart.ChartType = XlChartType.xl3DArea // set type to pie 
chart.SetSourceData(sheet.Range("A1:B5"), XlRowCol.xlColumns) // set source data 
chart.Location(XlChartLocation.xlLocationAsNewSheet) // add chart as new sheet 

Answer 4

我也會去爲Apache POI。一個工作示例可以在busy developer guide找到。另外還有GSheets，這是一款適用於Apache POI的細長包裝，請參閱blog post和unit test。

Answer 5

可能最簡單的（就外部代碼而言）是文本格式，單元格由'\ t'和行「\ r \ n」分隔。 小心有意義字符串，但與數字字符（或類似日期）的細胞，最好預先用單撇號

這種格式可以粘貼剪貼板或從文件菜單打開。