SQL Server：返回由一組數據庫表共享的列列表

Question

我正在繼承我們想要自動化的大型報表。我相信大部分數據都在我可以通過SQL Server訪問的數據倉庫中。我遇到的問題是我沒有很多文檔（數據字典，模式等），我想確定哪些字段在幾個表中是通用的。通常，當我想返回表和列的列表時，我會查詢信息模式。然而，在這種情況下，我基本上找的查詢是這樣的：

select table_name, column_name 
from (information_schema, others?) 
where table_name like 'T_Blah %' 
and column_names are equal 

我知道我可以通過對象瀏覽器到這一點，但一旦我開始進入表的數量較多，我想要一個快速的基於查詢的方法來識別要加入的字段。

我感謝任何幫助，我可以得到。我搜索了一段時間，但我沒有找到解決方案（或者我沒有注意到我找到了一個解決方案）。

Answer 1

SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 

Answer 2

如果我理解正確的喲，你可以試試這個：

SELECT TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME 
FROM ( SELECT *, COUNT(*) OVER(PARTITION BY COLUMN_NAME) Quant 
     FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS) A 
WHERE TABLE_NAME LIKE 'T_Blah%' AND Quant > 1 
ORDER BY COLUMN_NAME, TABLE_NAME 

Answer 3

這應該爲SQL服務器的工作。這只是我手頭上的一個查詢，所以它比您要求的要多一點。但是，我保留它，以防您需要額外的信息:)。如果不是，請將其刪除。

select distinct columns.name, schemas.name + '.' + tables.name 
from sys.columns 
join sys.tables 
    on tables.object_id = columns.object_id 
join sys.schemas 
    on schemas.schema_id = tables.schema_id 
where tables.name like '%blah%' 
order by columns.name, schemas.name + '.' + tables.name 

Answer 4

除了信息架構，您還有系統表syscolumns。假設你使用前者，這樣的事情應該工作：

select column_name, count(distinct table_name) 
from information_schema.columns 
group by column_name 
having count(distinct table_name) > 1 

很明顯，你可以按表名/模式，如果你想看看一個子集

Answer 5

這將產生在列名和數據類型的限制指定表也出現在其他表，然後用逗號分隔的表列表中出現：

SELECT  COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
        (SELECT  TABLE_NAME 
        FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
        WHERE  (COLUMN_NAME = CommonColumns.COLUMN_NAME) AND (DATA_TYPE = CommonColumns.DATA_TYPE) 
        FOR XML PATH('')) 
       , '</TABLE_NAME><TABLE_NAME>', ', '), '<TABLE_NAME>', ''), '</TABLE_NAME>', '') 
         AS Tables 
FROM   (SELECT DISTINCT COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE 
       FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
       WHERE  TABLE_NAME LIKE 'T_Blah%') AS CommonColumns 
WHERE  (SELECT  COUNT(TABLE_NAME) 
      FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
      WHERE  (COLUMN_NAME = CommonColumns.COLUMN_NAME) AND (DATA_TYPE = CommonColumns.DATA_TYPE)) > 1 

有它的所有表做到這一點，只需刪除WHERE TABLE_NAME LIKE 'T_Blah%'。

或者像亞倫建議，避免INFORMATION_SCHEMA：

SELECT  ColumnName, sys.types.name AS DataType, REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
        (SELECT  sys.tables.name AS TableName 
        FROM   sys.columns INNER JOIN 
              sys.tables ON sys.columns.object_id = sys.tables.object_id 
        WHERE  (sys.tables.type = 'U') AND (sys.columns.name = CommonColumns.ColumnName) AND 
              (sys.columns.system_type_id = CommonColumns.system_type_id) 
        FOR XML PATH('')) 
       , '</TableName><TableName>', ', '), '<TableName>', ''), '</TableName>', '') 
         AS Tables 
FROM   (SELECT DISTINCT sys.columns.name AS ColumnName, sys.columns.system_type_id 
       FROM   sys.columns INNER JOIN 
               sys.tables ON sys.columns.object_id = sys.tables.object_id 
       WHERE  (sys.tables.type = 'U') AND (sys.tables.name LIKE 'T_Blah%')) AS CommonColumns INNER JOIN 
            sys.types ON sys.types.system_type_id = CommonColumns.system_type_id 
WHERE  ((SELECT  COUNT(sys.tables.object_id) AS TableCount 
         FROM   sys.columns INNER JOIN 
               sys.tables ON sys.columns.object_id = sys.tables.object_id 
         WHERE  (sys.tables.type = 'U') AND (sys.columns.name = CommonColumns.ColumnName) AND 
               (sys.columns.system_type_id = CommonColumns.system_type_id)) > 1) 
ORDER BY CommonColumns.ColumnName, sys.types.name 

，獲得外鍵關係使用：

SELECT  sys.foreign_keys.name AS ForeignKeyName, OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id) AS ForeignKeyTableName, 
         ForeignKeyColumns.name AS ForeignKeyColumnName, OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_object_id) AS ReferencedTableName, 
         ReferencedColumns.name AS ReferencedColumnName 
FROM   sys.foreign_keys INNER JOIN 
         sys.foreign_key_columns ON sys.foreign_keys.object_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id INNER JOIN 
         sys.columns AS ForeignKeyColumns ON sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id = ForeignKeyColumns.object_id AND 
         sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id = ForeignKeyColumns.column_id INNER JOIN 
         sys.columns AS ReferencedColumns ON sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_object_id = ReferencedColumns.object_id AND 
         sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id = ReferencedColumns.column_id 
WHERE  (OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id) LIKE 'T_Blah%') OR (OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_object_id) 
         LIKE 'T_Blah%')