如何用MySQL過濾正確的訂單（一個訂單包含多行）

Question

我必須過濾沒有特定產品的訂單。

這很簡單，但問題是，每個訂單可能有很多行，包含不同的產品。

這是我的數據的一個示例：

ID | Product | Customer  | Quantidy | Date 
1 | Apple | Alex Sorensen | 3  | 17.4.2009 
2 | Orange | Alex Sorensen | 1  | 17.4.2009 
3 | Lime | Alex Sorensen | 4  | 17.4.2009 
4 | Apple | Fred Jonsson | 1  | 30.5.2010 
5 | Lime | Fred Jonsson | 7  | 30.5.2010 
ect... 

線具有相同date和相同customer都爲相同的順序。

如何查找所有訂單中沒有（例如）Orange的訂單？

---

我自己的（不工作）的MySQL代碼：

SELECT o.ID, k.Customer, o.Quantidy, p.Product, o.Date 
FROM Products p, Orders o, Customers c 
WHERE p.ID = o.ID 
AND k.Customer = o.Customer 
AND p.Product NOT IN ('Orange') 
GROUP BY o.Date 
ORDER BY o.ID DESC 

的問題是，即使我不想「亞歷克斯索倫森的」命令，因爲它包含橘子，我得到他其他線路沒有包含「橙色」的線路。

我需要一個SQL代碼才能給我「Fred Jonsson」和其他訂單，它們沒有訂單中的桔子。

Answer 1

您應該能夠使用NOT EXISTS：

SELECT o.ID, c.Customer, o.Quantity, p.Product, o.Date 
FROM Products p, Orders o, Customers c 
WHERE p.product = o.product 
AND c.Customer = o.Customer 
AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM Orders o2 
       WHERE o2.product = 'Orange' 
       AND o2.customer = o.customer 
       AND o2.date = o.date 
       ) 

---

嘗試使用明確的方式連接語法，它會使閱讀您的查詢更容易，一旦你習慣了：

SELECT o.ID, c.Customer, o.Quantity, p.Product, o.Date 
FROM Orders o 
JOIN Products p ON (p.product = o.product) 
JOIN Customers c ON (c.Customer = o.Customer) 
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM Orders o2 
        WHERE o2.product = 'Orange' 
        AND o2.customer = o.customer 
        AND o2.date = o.date 
       ) 

另一種方法是使用一個Left Join和檢查NULL：

SELECT o.ID, c.Customer, o.Quantity, p.Product, o.Date 
FROM Orders o 
JOIN Products p ON (p.product = o.product) 
JOIN Customers c ON (c.Customer = o.Customer) 
LEFT JOIN Orders o2 ON ( o2.product = 'Orange' 
         AND o2.customer = o.customer 
         AND o2.date = o.date 
         ) 
WHERE o2.Id IS NULL 

你必須嘗試哪一種效果更好。

Answer 2

變化

p.Product NOT IN ('Orange') 

到

k.Customer NOT IN (select DISTINCT Customer from Products where Product= 'Orange') 


SELECT o.ID, k.Customer, o.Quantidy, p.Product, o.Date 
FROM Products p, Orders o, Customers c 
WHERE p.ID = o.ID 
AND k.Customer = o.Customer 
AND k.Customer NOT IN (select DISTINCT Customer from Products where Product= 'Orange') 
GROUP BY o.Date 
ORDER BY o.ID DESC