如何將行轉換爲TSQL中的列？

Question

腳本（下面列出）給出了結果（見截圖01）Screenshot 01 但結果需要顯示爲（請參閱screenshot02）Screenshot02。

work_date中的日期（請參見屏幕截圖01）需要顯示爲單個日期列，並且work_hour中的小時數（請參閱屏幕截圖01）需要在各個日期列下顯示。

DECLARE @01_STARTDATE VARCHAR(100); 
DECLARE @02_ENDDATE VARCHAR(100); 
DECLARE @STAFF INT; 

SET @01_STARTDATE = '2017-07-06'; 
SET @02_ENDDATE = '2017-07-10'; 
SET @STAFF = 8; 

SELECT 
    @01_STARTDATE + ' - ' + @02_ENDDATE AS [Date Range], 
    SU.FIRST_NAME + ' ' + SU.LAST_NAME AS Staff, 
    f.FACILITY_NAME AS Site_Name, 
    P.PRJ_PROJECT_NAME AS Project_Name, 
    R.PROJECT_TYPE_NAME AS Project_Type_Brownfield, 
    '' AS Project_Type_VRP, 
    st.work_hour, st.work_date 
FROM 
    FAC_FACILITY AS f 
INNER JOIN 
    GOV.PRJ_PROJECT AS P ON f.FACILITY_RID = p.FACILITY_RID 
INNER JOIN 
    GOV.SYS_TIME_LOG AS ST ON ST.PRJ_PROJECT_RID = P.PRJ_PROJECT_RID 
LEFT JOIN 
    SEC_USER AS SU ON SU.USER_RID = ST.USER_RID 
LEFT JOIN 
    GOV.REF_PROJECT_TYPE AS R ON P.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID 
WHERE 
    ST.WORK_DATE BETWEEN CAST(@01_STARTDATE AS DATE) AND CAST(@02_ENDDATE AS DATE) 
    AND ST.USER_RID = @STAFF   
    AND R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = 3 
GROUP BY 
    f.FACILITY_NAME, P.PRJ_PROJECT_NAME, SU.FIRST_NAME, 
    st.work_date, SU.LAST_NAME, R.PROJECT_TYPE_NAME, 
    st.work_hour 

UNION ALL 

SELECT 
    @01_STARTDATE + ' - ' + @02_ENDDATE AS [Date Range], 
    SU.FIRST_NAME + ' ' + SU.LAST_NAME AS Staff, 
    f.FACILITY_NAME AS Site_Name, 
    P.PRJ_PROJECT_NAME AS Project_Name, 
    '' AS Project_Type_Brownfield, 
    R.PROJECT_TYPE_NAME AS Project_Type_VRP, 
    st.work_hour, st.work_date 
FROM 
    FAC_FACILITY AS f 
INNER JOIN 
    GOV.PRJ_PROJECT AS P ON f.FACILITY_RID = p.FACILITY_RID 
INNER JOIN 
    GOV.SYS_TIME_LOG AS ST ON ST.PRJ_PROJECT_RID = P.PRJ_PROJECT_RID 
LEFT JOIN 
    SEC_USER AS SU ON SU.USER_RID = ST.USER_RID 
LEFT JOIN 
    GOV.REF_PROJECT_TYPE AS R ON P.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID 
WHERE 
    ST.WORK_DATE BETWEEN CAST(@01_STARTDATE AS DATE) AND CAST(@02_ENDDATE AS DATE) 
    AND ST.USER_RID = @STAFF   
    AND R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = 2 
GROUP BY 
    f.FACILITY_NAME, P.PRJ_PROJECT_NAME, SU.FIRST_NAME, 
    st.work_date, SU.LAST_NAME, R.PROJECT_TYPE_NAME, 
    st.work_hour 

UNION ALL 

SELECT 
    @01_STARTDATE + ' - ' + @02_ENDDATE AS [Date Range], 
    SU.FIRST_NAME + ' ' + SU.LAST_NAME AS Staff, 
    g.grant_name AS Site_Name, 
    '' AS project_name, 
    '' AS Project_Type_Brownfield, 
    '' AS Project_Type_VRP, 
    st.work_hour, st.work_date 
FROM 
    (SELECT 
     SUM(work_hour) AS work_hour, user_rid, 
     grant_rid, work_date 
    FROM 
     GOV.SYS_TIME_LOG 
    WHERE 
     WORK_DATE BETWEEN CAST(@01_STARTDATE AS DATE) AND CAST(@02_ENDDATE AS DATE) 
     AND USER_RID = @STAFF   
     AND grant_rid = 1 
    GROUP BY 
     grant_rid, user_rid, work_date) AS ST 
LEFT JOIN 
    SEC_USER AS SU ON SU.USER_RID = ST.USER_RID 
LEFT JOIN 
    SYS_GRANT AS G ON st.grant_rid = g.grant_rid 
WHERE 
    ST.WORK_DATE BETWEEN CAST(@01_STARTDATE AS DATE) AND CAST(@02_ENDDATE AS DATE) 
    AND ST.USER_RID = @STAFF   
    AND st.grant_rid = 1 
GROUP BY 
    SU.FIRST_NAME, st.work_date, SU.LAST_NAME, 
    G.Grant_name, st.work_hour; 

Answer 1

有可用的如何「支點」輸出例如您的圖像看起來像第二個例子不勝枚舉。此外，因爲您通過參數更改日期範圍，您將需要採用「動態sql」生成「動態列名稱」。

請注意，您不需要運行3個單獨的查詢來收集所需的信息，但是應該等待查詢的最後一刻抑制值的輸出。理想情況下，您不會使用SQL來完成此操作，但會在「表示層」中執行此操作（此查詢看起來像是爲報表設計的，而大多數報表產品都支持數據的條件輸出）。

它只是你的查詢了很多，使樞軸更容易實現，如果包括PROJECT_TYPE_RID到兩個by子句可以使用這樣的CASE表達式控制輸出的選擇和組：

case when R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = 1 then '' else Project_Name end AS Project_Name, 
    case when R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = 3 then R.PROJECT_TYPE_NAME else '' end AS Project_Type_Brownfield, 
    case when R.PROJECT_TYPE_RID = 2 then R.PROJECT_TYPE_NAME else '' end AS Project_Type_VRP, 

但要注意，因爲你想使用PIVOT，你將無法做到這一點，像這樣抑制值，直到執行完樞軸後。