是否存在從utf8到latin-1的現有映射？ Python

Question

是否有從utf8到latin-1和utf8中標準化非重音字母的映射？

我已經越來越錯誤，如：

UnicodeEncodeError: 'latin-1' codec can't encode character u'\u010d' in position 4: ordinal not in range(256) 

而且我解決這些錯誤中的每一個通過執行以下代碼手動。有沒有更好的辦法做到這一點？：

def prehunpos(sentence): 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2018',"'") # left single quote mark 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2019',"'") # right single quote mark 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u201C','"') # left double quote mark 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u201D','"') # right double quote mark 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2010',"-") # hyphen 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2011',"-") # non-break hyphen 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2012',"-") # figure dash 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2013',"-") # dash 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2014',"-") # some sorta dash 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2015',"-") # long dash 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2017',"_") # double underscore 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2014',"-") # some sorta dash 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2016',"|") # long dash 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2024',"...") # ... 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2025',"...") # ... 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u2026',"...") # ... 
    sentence = sentence.replace("\xce\x9d\xce\x91\xce\xa4\xce\x9f",u'NATO') # NATO 

    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0391',"A") # Greek Capital Alpha 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0392',"B") # Greek Capital Beta 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0393',"") # Greek Capital Gamma 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0394',"") # Greek Capital Delta 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0395',"E") # Greek Capital Epsilon 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0396',"Z") # Greek Capital Zeta 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0397',"H") # Greek Capital Eta 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0398',"") # Greek Capital Theta 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0399',"I") # Greek Capital Iota 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u039a',"K") # Greek Capital Kappa 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u039b',"") # Greek Capital Lambda 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u039c',"M") # Greek Capital Mu 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u039d',"N") # Greek Capital Nu 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u039e',"") # Greek Capital Xi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u039f',"O") # Greek Capital Omicron 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a1',"P") # Greek Capital Rho 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a3',"") # Greek Capital Sigma 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a4',"T") # Greek Capital Tau 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a5',"Y") # Greek Capital Upsilon 
    #ssentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a6',"") # Greek Capital Phi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a7',"T") # Greek Capital Chi 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a8',"") # Greek Capital Psi 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03a9',"") # Greek Capital Omega 

    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b1',"a") # Greek small alpha 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b2',"b") # Greek small beta 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b3',"") # Greek small gamma 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b4',"") # Greek small delta 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b5',"e") # Greek small epsilon 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b6',"") # Greek small zeta 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b7',"") # Greek small eta 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b8',"") # Greek small thetha 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03b9',"i") # Greek small iota 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03ba',"k") # Greek small kappa 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03bb',"") # Greek small lamda 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03bc',"u") # Greek small mu 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03bd',"v") # Greek small nu 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03be',"") # Greek small xi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03bf',"o") # Greek small omicron 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c0',"") # Greek small pi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c1',"p") # Greek small rho 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c2',"c") # Greek small final sigma 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c3',"") # Greek small sigma 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c4',"t") # Greek small tau 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c5',"u") # Greek small upsilon 
    #sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c6',"") # Greek small phi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c7',"x") # Greek small chi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c8',"x") # Greek small psi 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u03c9',"w") # Greek small omega 


    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0103',"a") # Latin a with breve 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0107',"c") # Latin c with acute 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u010d',"c") # Latin c with caron 
    sentence = sentence.replace(u'\u0161',"s") # Lation s with caron 

    return sentence.strip() 

Answer 1

如果您需要轉換非拉丁文字譯成拉丁文的通用手段，一個ICU transform是最好的選擇。有一個Python ICU的包裝器PyICU（http://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyICU）。但是，如果您只針對單個腳本（看起來像您對希臘語特別感興趣？），映射表是最快的解決方案。雖然你可以更簡明地寫：

#!/usr/bin/python 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 

greek_to_latin = {u"Α": u"A", u"Β": u"B", u"Γ": u"G"} # ... 
latin_string = "".join(greek_to_latin[c] for c in greek_string) 

您還可以看看它有識別字符的類別，識別非ASCII標點符號的一種手段unicodedata模塊。