我現在閱讀在Java中思考,有關同步的章節,有一個我無法理解的例子。Java中的同步 - Java示例中的思考
public abstract class IntGenerator {
private volatile boolean canceled = false;
public abstract int next();
public void cancel() {
canceled = true;
}
public boolean isCanceled() {
return canceled;
}
}
public class EvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
private int currentEvenValue = 0;
final Object object = new Object();
@Override
public int next() {
++currentEvenValue;
++currentEvenValue;
return currentEvenValue;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
EvenChecker.test(new EvenGenerator());
}
}
public class EvenChecker implements Runnable {
private IntGenerator generator;
private final int id;
public EvenChecker(IntGenerator generator, int id) {
this.generator = generator;
this.id = id;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (!generator.isCanceled()) {
int val = generator.next();
if (val % 2 != 0) {
System.out.println(val + " odd");
generator.cancel();
}
}
}
public static void test(IntGenerator generator, int count) {
System.out.println("To finish press Ctrl + C");
final ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
executorService.execute(new EvenChecker(generator, i));
}
}
public static void test(IntGenerator generator) {
test(generator, 10);
}
}
而且例子輸出爲:
1239 odd
1237 odd
1239 odd
,我理解這一點。這意味着3個線程在第一次增量後讀取currentValue。這個問題的
解決辦法是:沒有錯誤
public class SynchronizedEvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
private int currentEvenValue = 0;
@Override
public synchronized int next() {
++currentEvenValue;
Thread.yield();
++currentEvenValue;
return currentEvenValue;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
EvenChecker.test(new SynchronizedEvenGenerator());
}
}
現在程序正在無窮大。 我想只有增量以這種方式同步:
public class SynchronizedEvenGenerator extends IntGenerator {
private int currentEvenValue = 0;
@Override
public int next() {
synchronized (this) {
++currentEvenValue;
Thread.yield();
++currentEvenValue;
}
return currentEvenValue;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
EvenChecker.test(new SynchronizedEvenGenerator());
}
}
但現在例子出來放是:
345 odd
而且我不明白爲什麼它可以讀取CurrentValue的,如果兩個增量奇數值是同步的,並且任何線程都無法在第一個和第二個增量之間讀取currentValue。
爲什麼我得到這個輸出。工作如何?