我剛剛買了一本書「C接口和實現」。 在第一章中,先後實施了「凌動」的結構,示例代碼如下:哈希表實現
#define NELEMS(x) ((sizeof (x))/(sizeof ((x)[0])))
static struct atom {
struct atom *link;
int len;
char *str;
} *buckets[2048];
static unsigned long scatter[] = {
2078917053, 143302914, 1027100827,302, 755253631, 2002600785,
1405390230, 45248011, 1099951567, 433832350, 2018585307, 438263339,
813528929, 1703199216, 618906479, 573714703, 766270699, 275680090,
1510320440, 1583583926, 1723401032, 1965443329, 1098183682, 1636505764,
980071615, 1011597961, 643279273, 1315461275, 157584038, 1069844923,
471560540, 89017443, 1213147837, 1498661368, 2042227746, 1968401469,
1353778505, 1300134328, 2013649480, 306246424, 1733966678, 1884751139,
744509763, 400011959, 1440466707, 1363416242, 973726663, 59253759,
1639096332, 336563455, 1642837685, 1215013716, 154523136, 593537720,
704035832, 1134594751, 1605135681, 1347315106, 302572379, 1762719719,
269676381, 774132919, 1851737163, 1482824219, 125310639, 1746481261,
1303742040, 1479089144, 899131941, 1169907872, 1785335569, 485614972,
907175364, 382361684, 885626931, 200158423, 1745777927, 1859353594,
259412182, 1237390611, 48433401, 1902249868, 304920680, 202956538,
348303940, 1008956512, 1337551289, 1953439621, 208787970, 164,
1568675693, 478464352, 266772940, 1272929208, 1961288571, 392083579,
871926821, 1117546963, 1871172724, 1771058762, 139971187, 1509024645,
109190086, 1047146551, 1891386329, 994817018, 1247304975, 1489680608,
706686964, 1506717157, 579587572, 755120366, 1261483377, 884508252,
958076904, 1609787317, 1893464764, 148144545, 1415743291, 2102252735,
1788268214, 836935336, 433233439, 2055041154, 2109864544, 247038362,
299641085, 834307717, 1364585325, 23330161, 457882831, 1504556512,
1532354806, 567072918, 404219416, 1276257488, 1561889936, 1651524391,
618454448, 121093252, 1010757900, 1198042020, 876213618, 124757630,
2082550272, 1834290522, 1734544947, 1828531389, 1982435068, 1002804590,
1783300476, 1623219634, 1839739926, 69050267, 1530777140, 1802120822,
316088629, 1830418225, 488944891, 1680673954, 1853748387, 946827723,
1037746818, 1238619545, 1513900641, 1441966234, 367393385, 928306929,
946006977, 985847834, 1049400181, 1956764878, 36406206, 1925613800,
2081522508, 2118956479, 1612420674, 1668583807, 1800004220, 1447372094,
523904750, 1435821048, 923108080, 216161028, 1504871315, 306401572,
2018281851, 1820959944, 2136819798, 359743094, 1354150250, 1843084537,
1306570817, 244413420, 934220434, 672987810, 1686379655, 1301613820,
1601294739, 484902984, 139978006, 503211273, 294184214, 176384212,
281341425, 228223074, 147857043, 1893762099, 1896806882, 1947861263,
1193650546, 273227984, 1236198663, 2116758626, 489389012, 593586330,
275676551, 360187215, 267062626, 265012701, 719930310, 1621212876,
2108097238, 2026501127, 1865626297, 894834024, 552005290, 1404522304,
48964196, 5816381, 1889425288, 188942202, 509027654, 36125855,
365326415, 790369079, 264348929, 513183458, 536647531, 13672163,
313561074, 1730298077, 286900147, 1549759737, 1699573055, 776289160,
2143346068, 1975249606, 1136476375, 262925046, 92778659, 1856406685,
1884137923, 53392249, 1735424165, 1602280572
};
const char *Atom_new(const char *str, int len) {
unsigned long h;
int i;
struct atom *p;
assert(str);
assert(len >= 0);
for (h = 0, i = 0; i < len; i++)
h = (h<<1) + scatter[(unsigned char)str[i]];
h &= NELEMS(buckets)-1;
for (p = buckets[h]; p; p = p->link)
if (len == p->len) {
for (i = 0; i < len && p->str[i] == str[i];)
i++;
if (i == len)
return p->str;
}
p = ALLOC(sizeof (*p) + len + 1);
p->len = len;
p->str = (char *)(p + 1);
if (len > 0)
memcpy(p->str, str, len);
p->str[len] = '\0';
p->link = buckets[h];
buckets[h] = p;//insert atom in front of list
return p->str;
}
在本章結尾,在練習3.1,這本書的作者說 「大多數文本建議使用一個素數 桶的大小使用一個主要和一個好的散列函數通常給出一個更好的分配桶的列表長度 Atom使用2的冪,有時明確引用 是一個不好的選擇。編寫一個程序來生成或讀取典型字符串,例如10,000 ,並測量Atom_new的速度和分佈列表的長度爲 。然後更改存儲桶,使其具有 2,039個條目(最大的總數小於2,048),並重複測量 。是否使用主要幫助?您的 結論取決於您的特定機器?「
所以我做了哈希表的尺寸變到2039,但它似乎是一個素數實際上是由 列表的長度不好的分佈,我已經嘗試了64,61,61其實是一個錯誤的分佈太。
我只是想知道爲什麼的素數表的大小做一個壞的分佈,這是因爲Atom_new不好的哈希函數?
我使用這個功能使用的哈希函數打印出的長度原子列表
#define B_SIZE 2048
void Atom_print(void)
{
int i,t;
struct atom *atom;
for(i= 0;i<B_SIZE;i++) {
t = 0;
for(atom=buckets[i];atom;atom=atom->link) {
++t;
}
printf("%d ",t);
}
}
那麼,這是否意味着,對於每個特定的哈希表實現,我們必須在我們說素數比非質數好之前測試它?因爲在這種情況下,非素數更好。 – anru 2011-06-15 23:13:07