for循環中的JavaFX TimeLine正在跳過KeyFrames

Question

我正在用JavaFX構建Simon Says遊戲。我已經獲得了大部分工作，現在唯一的問題是當你運行遊戲時，它運行一個for循環來生成顏色，取決於你所在的級別。

它似乎顯示循環中的一種顏色，但它不會等待KeyFrame在它通過循環的其餘部分並存儲值之前完成。我如何讓循環等待KeyFrame完成，以顯示所有顏色變化？

package assign3; 

import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; 

import javafx.animation.FillTransition; 
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame; 
import javafx.animation.KeyValue; 
import javafx.animation.SequentialTransition; 
import javafx.animation.Timeline; 
import javafx.application.Application; 
import javafx.event.ActionEvent; 
import javafx.event.EventHandler; 
import javafx.geometry.Insets; 
import javafx.geometry.Pos; 
import javafx.scene.Scene; 
import javafx.scene.control.Button; 
import javafx.scene.layout.Background; 
import javafx.scene.layout.BackgroundFill; 
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane; 
import javafx.scene.layout.CornerRadii; 
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane; 
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox; 
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox; 
import javafx.scene.paint.Color; 
import javafx.stage.Stage; 
import javafx.util.Duration; 

public class Question2 extends Application 
{ 

    public static final int RED = 1; 
    public static final int GREEN = 2; 
    public static final int BLUE = 3; 
    public static final int ORANGE = 4; 
    private int thisGameScore = 0; 
    private int level = 1; 
    private BorderPane obBorder; 
    private HBox obPane; 
    private HBox obStart; 
    private Timeline tlRed; 
    private Timeline tlBlue; 
    private Timeline tlGreen; 
    private Timeline tlOrange; 
    private SequentialTransition stList = new SequentialTransition(); 
    private Button btStart; 
    private ArrayList<Integer> colours; 
    private ArrayList<Integer> guesses; 

    @Override 
    public void start(Stage obPrimeStage) throws Exception 
    {   
     boolean runGame = true; 
     int guessIndex = 0; 
     obBorder = new BorderPane(); 
     obPane = new HBox(); 
     obStart = new HBox(); 
     Button btRed = new Button("Red"); 
     Button btGreen = new Button("Green"); 
     Button btBlue = new Button("Blue"); 
     Button btOrange = new Button("Orange"); 
     btStart = new Button("Start"); 
     class RedTimeLine 
     { 
      Timeline tlRed; 
      RedTimeLine() 
      { 
       tlRed = new Timeline(); 
       tlRed.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.ZERO, 
         new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
           new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.RED, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
       tlRed.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(1), 
         new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
           new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.TRANSPARENT, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
      } 

     } 
     tlBlue = new Timeline(); 
     tlBlue.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.ZERO, 
       new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
         new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.BLUE, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
     tlBlue.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(1), 
       new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
         new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.TRANSPARENT, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
     tlGreen = new Timeline(); 
     tlGreen.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.ZERO, 
       new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
         new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.GREEN, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
     tlGreen.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(1), 
       new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
         new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.TRANSPARENT, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
     tlOrange = new Timeline(); 
     tlOrange.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.ZERO, 
       new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
         new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.ORANGE, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 
     tlOrange.getKeyFrames().add(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(1), 
       new KeyValue(obBorder.backgroundProperty(), 
         new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.TRANSPARENT, CornerRadii.EMPTY, Insets.EMPTY))))); 


     obStart.getChildren().add(btStart); 
     obPane.getChildren().addAll(btRed, btGreen, btBlue, btOrange); 
     obBorder.setCenter(obPane); 
     obBorder.setBottom(obStart); 
     obPane.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); 
     obStart.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); 

     Scene obScene = new Scene(obBorder, 400, 400); 

     obPrimeStage.setTitle("Simon Says"); 
     obPrimeStage.setScene(obScene); 
     obPrimeStage.show(); 



     btStart.setOnAction((ActionEvent start) -> { 
      colours = new ArrayList<>(); 
      guesses = new ArrayList<>(); 
      obChange.handle(start); 
      stList.play(); 
      System.out.println("Started new game"); 

     }); 


     btRed.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> 
     { 
      guesses.add(RED); 
      if(guesses.get(guessIndex) != colours.get(guessIndex)) 
      { 
       obStart.getChildren().add(btStart); 
       level = 1; 
      } 
      else 
      { 
       if(guesses.size() == colours.size()) 
       { 
        level += 1; 
        colours = new ArrayList<>(); 
        guesses = new ArrayList<>(); 
        for(int i = 0; i < level; i++) 
        { 
         obChange.handle(e); 
        } 
        stList.play(); 
       } 
      } 
     }); 

     btGreen.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> 
     { 

      guesses.add(GREEN); 
      if(guesses.get(guessIndex) != colours.get(guessIndex)) 
      { 
       obStart.getChildren().add(btStart); 
       level = 1; 
      } 
      else 
      { 
       if(guesses.size() == colours.size()) 
       { 
        level += 1; 
        colours = new ArrayList<>(); 
        guesses = new ArrayList<>(); 
        for(int i = 0; i < level; i++) 
        { 
         obChange.handle(e); 
        } 
        stList.play(); 
       } 
      } 
     }); 

     btBlue.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> 
     { 

      guesses.add(BLUE); 
      if(guesses.get(guessIndex) != colours.get(guessIndex)) 
      { 
       obStart.getChildren().add(btStart); 
       level = 1; 
      } 
      else 
      { 
       if(guesses.size() == colours.size()) 
       { 
        level += 1; 
        colours = new ArrayList<>(); 
        guesses = new ArrayList<>(); 
        for(int i = 0; i < level; i++) 
        { 
         obChange.handle(e); 
        } 
        stList.play(); 
       } 
      } 
     }); 

     btOrange.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> 
     { 

      guesses.add(ORANGE); 
      if(guesses.get(guessIndex) != colours.get(guessIndex)) 
      { 
       obStart.getChildren().add(btStart); 
       level = 1; 

      } 
      else 
      { 
       if(guesses.size() == colours.size()) 
       { 
        level += 1; 
        guesses = new ArrayList<>(); 
        for(int i = 0; i < level; i++) 
        { 
         obChange.handle(e); 
        } 
        stList.play(); 
       } 
      } 
     }); 

    } 



    class ChangeColour implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> 
    { 

     @Override 
     public void handle(ActionEvent arg0) 
     { 
      thisGameScore = 0; 
      int randomColour = (int)((Math.random() * 4) + 1); 

      if(randomColour == RED) 
      { 
       colours.add(RED); 
       stList.getChildren().add(new RedTimeLine()); 

      } 
      else if(randomColour == BLUE) 
      { 
       colours.add(BLUE); 
       stList.getChildren().add(tlBlue); 

      } 
      else if(randomColour == GREEN) 
      { 
       colours.add(GREEN); 
       stList.getChildren().add(tlGreen); 

      } 
      else if(randomColour == ORANGE) 
      { 
       colours.add(ORANGE); 
       stList.getChildren().add(tlOrange); 

      } 
      obStart.getChildren().remove(btStart); 


     } 

    } 

    ChangeColour obChange = new ChangeColour(); 




    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
     Application.launch(args); 

    } 

} 

Answer 1

我想我會做這樣的事情：

public void playSequence(int sequenceLength, double speed) { 
    Timeline timeline = new Timeline(); 

    for (int i = 0; i < sequenceLength; i++) { 
     Color color = colors[random.nextInt(colors.length)]; 
     Segment segment = segmentMap.get(color); 

     timeline.getKeyFrames().addAll(
       new KeyFrame(
         Duration.seconds(i), new KeyValue(segment.litProperty(), true) 
       ), 
       new KeyFrame(
         Duration.seconds(i + 0.9), new KeyValue(segment.litProperty(), false) 
       ) 
     ); 

     isPlaying.set(true); 
     timeline.setOnFinished(event -> isPlaying.set(false)); 
     timeline.setRate(speed); 
     timeline.play(); 
    } 
} 

以上的例子使用一個時間軸中，與在其中每個段被點亮變化到點亮在序列中的每個片段的開始時間。

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import javafx.animation.*; 
import javafx.application.Application; 
import javafx.beans.property.*; 
import javafx.geometry.Insets; 
import javafx.geometry.Pos; 
import javafx.scene.*; 
import javafx.scene.control.Button; 
import javafx.scene.effect.ColorAdjust; 
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox; 
import javafx.scene.paint.Color; 
import javafx.scene.shape.*; 
import javafx.stage.Stage; 
import javafx.util.Duration; 

import java.util.HashMap; 
import java.util.Map; 
import java.util.Random; 

import static javafx.scene.paint.Color.*; 

public class SimpleSimon extends Application { 
    private int sequenceLength = 1; 
    private int speed = 1; 

    @Override 
    public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception { 
     Simon simon = new Simon(); 

     Button play = new Button("Play"); 
     play.setStyle("-fx-font-size: 20px;"); 
     play.disableProperty().bind(simon.isPlayingProperty()); 
     play.setOnAction(event -> { 
      simon.playSequence(sequenceLength, speed); 
      sequenceLength++; 
      speed *= 1.05; 
     }); 

     VBox layout = new VBox(10, simon, play); 
     layout.setPadding(new Insets(10)); 
     layout.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); 

     stage.setScene(new Scene(layout)); 
     stage.show(); 
    } 

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
     launch(args); 
    } 
} 

class Simon extends Group { 
    private static final Random random = new Random(42); 

    private final Color[] colors = { 
      RED, GREEN, BLUE, ORANGE 
    }; 

    private Map<Color, Segment> segmentMap = new HashMap<>(); 

    private ReadOnlyBooleanWrapper isPlaying = new ReadOnlyBooleanWrapper(); 

    public Simon() { 
     for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) { 
      Segment segment = new Segment(colors[i], i * 90); 
      getChildren().add(segment); 
      segmentMap.put(colors[i], segment); 
     } 
    } 

    public void playSequence(int sequenceLength, double speed) { 
     Timeline timeline = new Timeline(); 

     for (int i = 0; i < sequenceLength; i++) { 
      Color color = colors[random.nextInt(colors.length)]; 
      Segment segment = segmentMap.get(color); 

      timeline.getKeyFrames().addAll(
        new KeyFrame(
          Duration.seconds(i), new KeyValue(segment.litProperty(), true) 
        ), 
        new KeyFrame(
          Duration.seconds(i + 0.9), new KeyValue(segment.litProperty(), false) 
        ) 
      ); 
     } 

     isPlaying.set(true); 
     timeline.setOnFinished(event -> isPlaying.set(false)); 
     timeline.setRate(speed); 
     timeline.play(); 
    } 

    public boolean isPlaying() { 
     return isPlaying.get(); 
    } 

    public ReadOnlyBooleanWrapper isPlayingProperty() { 
     return isPlaying; 
    } 
} 

class Segment extends Arc { 
    private BooleanProperty lit = new SimpleBooleanProperty(); 
    private static final double RADIUS = 100; 

    private static final ColorAdjust litEffect = new ColorAdjust(0, 0, 0.5, 0); 
    private static final ColorAdjust unlitEffect = new ColorAdjust(0, 0, 0, 0); 

    public Segment(Color color, double angleOffset) { 
     super(RADIUS, RADIUS, RADIUS, RADIUS, angleOffset, 90); 
     setFill(color); 
     setType(ArcType.ROUND); 

     setEffect(unlitEffect); 
     lit.addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) -> 
       setEffect(lit.get() ? litEffect : unlitEffect) 
     ); 
    } 

    public void setLit(boolean lit) { 
     this.lit.set(lit); 
    } 

    public boolean isLit() { 
     return lit.get(); 
    } 

    public BooleanProperty litProperty() { 
     return lit; 
    } 
} 

類似的效果可以通過SequentialTransition來實現。