結束（分區）列未被識別。無效的列

Question

當我執行以下查詢：

SELECT 
    MH.MemberKey, 
    ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY MH.MemberKey ORDER BY MH.MemberKey ASC) AS "NewRow", 
    MH.FirstName, 
    MH.LastName, 
    MH.BirthDate, 
    MH.AddressLine1, 
    MH.AddressLine2, 
    MH.AddressLine3, 
    MH.City AS MemberCity, 
    MH.StateCode AS MemberState, 
    MH.ZipCode AS MemberZip 
FROM MembershipHistory MH 
WHERE NewRow = 1; 

我得到以下錯誤：

Msg 207, Level 16, State 1, Line 36 Invalid column name 'NewRow'.

我試圖保持AS，消除AS，除去"" ....似乎沒有任何工作。它只是不認識列。

Answer 1

的row_number功能在選擇評估工作完成後，WHERE子句已被應用，因此別名無法識別，則可以使用子查詢得到的結果：

select 
    MH.MemberKey, 
    NewRow, 
    MH.FirstName, 
    MH.LastName, 
    MH.BirthDate, 
    MH.AddressLine1, 
    MH.AddressLine2, 
    MH.AddressLine3, 
    MH.City AS MemberCity, 
    MH.StateCode AS MemberState, 
    MH.ZipCode AS MemberZip 
from 
(
    SELECT 
     MH.MemberKey, 
     ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY MH.MemberKey ORDER BY MH.MemberKey ASC) AS NewRow, 
     MH.FirstName, 
     MH.LastName, 
     MH.BirthDate, 
     MH.AddressLine1, 
     MH.AddressLine2, 
     MH.AddressLine3, 
     MH.City AS MemberCity, 
     MH.StateCode AS MemberState, 
     MH.ZipCode AS MemberZip 
    FROM MembershipHistory MH 
) MH 
WHERE NewRow = 1; 

在SQL Server中SELECT語句的邏輯順序Processinf是（從MSDN Docs）：

1. FROM
2. ON
3. JOIN
4. WHERE
5. GROUP BY
6. WITH CUBE or WITH ROLLUP
7. HAVING
8. SELECT
9. DISTINCT
10. ORDER BY
11. TOP

Answer 2

另一種方法是使用一個CTE：

;WITH x AS (SELECT MH.whatever, ROW_NUMBER() ... AS NewRow FROM dbo.table) 
SELECT * FROM x WHERE NewRow = 1;