爲什麼分段錯誤！當我嘗試運行/使用Python包gensim？

Question

我試圖在我的一些機器學習實驗中使用[gensim][1]，一個用於python的矢量空間建模軟件包。我按照他們的安裝說明here，儘管在我的OpenSuse 11.3上安裝scipy時因爲他們推薦使用easy_install而失敗，所以我使用官方軟件包搜索入口here上的軟件包安裝它。

scipy安裝正常，然後我用easy_install按照他們的建議安裝gensim。其中也沒關係。現在

，安裝後，我試圖運行它們給使用包，其中有一個不起眼的import語句按如下所示啓動的第一個例子：

from gensim import corpora, models, similarities 

羅！當我試圖在我的python解釋器中運行時，親愛的東西與Segmentation Fault墜毀！這是發生了什麼事：

>>> from gensim import corpora, models, similarities 
Segmentation fault 

有人救了我，因爲我不知道錯誤可能來自哪裏。

我知道segfault通常是由於進程非法內存訪問，所以可能由於導入而發生這種情況？或在gensim內出現一些錯誤？

欲瞭解更多信息，據說安裝後可以進行測試，所以我測試了我的gensim，Lo！同樣的Segmentation Fault！這裏是輸出中：

python setup.py test 
running test 
running egg_info 
writing requirements to gensim.egg-info/requires.txt 
writing gensim.egg-info/PKG-INFO 
writing top-level names to gensim.egg-info/top_level.txt 
writing dependency_links to gensim.egg-info/dependency_links.txt 
reading manifest file 'gensim.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' 
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' 
warning: no files found matching '*.sh' under directory '.' 
writing manifest file 'gensim.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' 
running build_ext 
Segmentation fault 

相關程序包，我有：

>>> numpy.version.version 
'1.3.0' 

>>> scipy.version.version 
'0.8.0' 

好，如在意見中的要求，我做了鉤gdb來解釋，然後再次嘗試導入語句，那麼這就是GDB給當段錯誤再次發生：

(gdb) continue 
Continuing. 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/time.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=da29868e88d517efc61eed319c4a87b41404f932" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/strop.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=1a5723f070198420ae565b728f267f00ae7e9885" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/cStringIO.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=d02dafc8dd403786b35ee44d946fc67461c7af34" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_functools.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=4d3d7d73a2d7abe3d4ac45bdc07a070abde67a3b" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_collections.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=86c7e2481ef3930f858927648d270a96ef65e0d9" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/operator.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=ecdf6c9dfbb007d3698e4108e2412b575b14c3f0" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/unicodedata.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=b84b2bd4061ce43b8fe6e7319d0e3fe90431f3f9" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/cPickle.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=0cb3d3c8e51cd264b7fc0cfd6ad6cea7da6173f1" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/itertools.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=88125d7ede2ef83a18e46901c9b7bd938d7554b9" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_bisect.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=e872da9d2f7456947a21d6cf8ac05115da084ee0" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_heapq.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=0c250b23be656b9984a8fbf67c232930141c6a79" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/math.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=48f975758f43cffc37703cda98615cb2daaf8a08" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/core/multiarray.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=adcbae28e6012eecb870c60af4805f25554c9148" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/core/umath.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=1087f0837567a96e6db9fadb8258f21113173f01" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/core/_sort.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=c70e9c08253546b727376f7643cc9b6cc796465e" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/core/scalarmath.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=cbc4ec89676c6072f64ae92a2917548479141eee" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/lib/_compiled_base.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=6f71bf761290527c07afe78736211d2393caa95e" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/linalg/lapack_lite.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=ac2cb74a8a055e3d58e15f4ac0012159abbf7d1a" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/liblapack.so.3 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=5c9cf054c3e366ea04681d3c3b1e4d1fa8b46da5" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/libblas.so.3 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=c7ea0a3cdf0da62f1f07f81838207e6070e86449" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/libgfortran.so.3 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=6889f5fdc16cb8d7cb4d5e97c59080336c2e6e01" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=ea12a9f70518dd6b807755150f1d2c6ba8550fe1" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/fft/fftpack_lite.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=32599ba87256834ebc65a962e4718aa1f9134b0e" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/numpy/random/mtrand.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=e43ddcab2e8e2961f3ab58087ac55dffa4094993" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_ctypes.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=40cde5dd7ee47a3caac1ce1f94b6ef7fa28792ff" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_struct.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=a5c456fe75e29e3424d7881fc05be8321fa65707" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/binascii.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=d3a2d6b38432a2b5076e238aef398cd3776bed20" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /lib/libz.so.1 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=afddd839a6c18dd308b04b5289c56cc3abd1384f" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/_random.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=683d2819c1613d54dcd68c9169fc043ecb1b5444" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/fcntl.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=aaabeb0dbb01b7a14698fd221d09fedc6de19521" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/libjpeg.so.8 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=5656b9563c388beee6e716dbe832ecb4480895ba" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload/array.so 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=4e4aea1f2106d4a7a7b4dbd51199e337549b83e2" 
Missing separate debuginfo for /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 
Try: zypper install -C "debuginfo(build-id)=181385b3f6f58b2e13543468f07e08c5edd2cd86" 

Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 
0x00000000 in ??() 

Answer 1

你可能試圖運行一個64位二進制文​​件（或使用64位資料庫）在32位系統上。

當您運行產生分段故障的任務時，使用python -v來查看您是否可以確定其位置。如果不夠清楚，請嘗試strace python而不是python。如果在嘗試「打開」.so文件後出現分段錯誤，請使用類似file或readelf的工具來查找二進制文件或.so庫需要多少位。

如果你有一個686的Linux，那麼一切都必須是32位。如果你有一個x86_64 Linux，那麼它應該都是64位。