根據你想要做什麼,你可以使用itertools
模塊,以儘量減少for
環(或zip
)。在這種情況下itertools.product
將創建您用4個循環做了什麼:
>>> list(product(range(3),repeat=4))
[(0, 0, 0, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1), (0, 0, 0, 2), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 1, 1),
(0, 0, 1, 2), (0, 0, 2, 0), (0, 0, 2, 1), (0, 0, 2, 2), (0, 1, 0, 0),
(0, 1, 0, 1), (0, 1, 0, 2), (0, 1, 1, 0), (0, 1, 1, 1), (0, 1, 1, 2),
(0, 1, 2, 0), (0, 1, 2, 1), (0, 1, 2, 2), (0, 2, 0, 0), (0, 2, 0, 1),
(0, 2, 0, 2), (0, 2, 1, 0), (0, 2, 1, 1), (0, 2, 1, 2), (0, 2, 2, 0),
(0, 2, 2, 1), (0, 2, 2, 2), (1, 0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0, 1), (1, 0, 0, 2),
(1, 0, 1, 0), (1, 0, 1, 1), (1, 0, 1, 2), (1, 0, 2, 0), (1, 0, 2, 1),
(1, 0, 2, 2), (1, 1, 0, 0), (1, 1, 0, 1), (1, 1, 0, 2), (1, 1, 1, 0),
(1, 1, 1, 1), (1, 1, 1, 2), (1, 1, 2, 0), (1, 1, 2, 1), (1, 1, 2, 2),
(1, 2, 0, 0), (1, 2, 0, 1), (1, 2, 0, 2), (1, 2, 1, 0), (1, 2, 1, 1),
(1, 2, 1, 2), (1, 2, 2, 0), (1, 2, 2, 1), (1, 2, 2, 2), (2, 0, 0, 0),
(2, 0, 0, 1), (2, 0, 0, 2), (2, 0, 1, 0), (2, 0, 1, 1), (2, 0, 1, 2),
(2, 0, 2, 0), (2, 0, 2, 1), (2, 0, 2, 2), (2, 1, 0, 0), (2, 1, 0, 1),
(2, 1, 0, 2), (2, 1, 1, 0), (2, 1, 1, 1), (2, 1, 1, 2), (2, 1, 2, 0),
(2, 1, 2, 1), (2, 1, 2, 2), (2, 2, 0, 0), (2, 2, 0, 1), (2, 2, 0, 2),
(2, 2, 1, 0), (2, 2, 1, 1), (2, 2, 1, 2), (2, 2, 2, 0), (2, 2, 2, 1),
(2, 2, 2, 2)]
而在你的代碼,你可以這樣做:
for i,j,k,l in product(range(3),repeat=4):
#do stuff
此功能相當於下面的代碼,但實際執行情況並不BUI LD了中間結果在存儲器中:
def product(*args, **kwds):
# product('ABCD', 'xy') --> Ax Ay Bx By Cx Cy Dx Dy
# product(range(2), repeat=3) --> 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
pools = map(tuple, args) * kwds.get('repeat', 1)
result = [[]]
for pool in pools:
result = [x+[y] for x in result for y in pool]
for prod in result:
yield tuple(prod)
編輯:作爲@ PeterE在評論說product()
可用於即使範圍具有不同的長度:
product(range(3),range(4),['a','b','c'] ,some_other_iterable)
你只是遍歷範圍?然後有一個更短(雖然不一定更可讀)的方式。 – L3viathan 2015-02-07 13:05:48
如果算法是O(n^4),那麼它是O(n^4)。沒辦法。爲了避開79個字符的限制,考慮將它們分解爲函數。這對可讀性和可測試性都會產生奇蹟。 – SuperSaiyan 2015-02-07 13:06:55
呃...深度嵌套循環不是一種很好的編程方式...所以我認爲你應該更多地關注避免深度嵌套循環而不是PEP8。 – 2015-02-07 13:07:23