據我所知,32位機器上的.NET內存模型保證32位字的寫入和讀取是原子操作,但不是在64位字上提供此保證。我已經編寫了一個快速工具來在Windows XP 32位操作系統上演示這種效果,並獲得與該內存模型描述一致的結果。.NET 3.5SP1 64位內存模型與32位內存模型
但是,我採用了這個相同的工具的可執行文件,並在Windows 7 Enterprise 64位操作系統上運行它,結果卻截然不同。這兩臺機器都是相同的規格,只是安裝了不同的操作系統。我預計.NET內存模型可以保證在64位操作系統上寫入和讀取32位和64位字都是原子的。我發現結果完全違背了這兩個假設。在這個操作系統上,32位的讀寫操作沒有被證明是原子的。
有人可以向我解釋爲什麼這在64位操作系統上失敗嗎?
工具代碼:
using System;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunThread));
var th2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunThread));
int lastRecordedInt = 0;
long lastRecordedLong = 0L;
th.Start();
th2.Start();
while (!done)
{
int newIntValue = intValue;
long newLongValue = longValue;
if (lastRecordedInt > newIntValue) Console.WriteLine("BING(int)! {0} > {1}, {2}", lastRecordedInt, newIntValue, (lastRecordedInt - newIntValue));
if (lastRecordedLong > newLongValue) Console.WriteLine("BING(long)! {0} > {1}, {2}", lastRecordedLong, newLongValue, (lastRecordedLong - newLongValue));
lastRecordedInt = newIntValue;
lastRecordedLong = newLongValue;
}
th.Join();
th2.Join();
Console.WriteLine("{0} =? {2}, {1} =? {3}", intValue, longValue, Int32.MaxValue/2, (long)Int32.MaxValue + (Int32.MaxValue/2));
}
private static long longValue = Int32.MaxValue;
private static int intValue;
private static bool done = false;
static void RunThread()
{
for (int i = 0; i < Int32.MaxValue/4; ++i)
{
++longValue;
++intValue;
}
done = true;
}
}
}
結果在Windows XP 32位:
Windows XP 32-bit
Intel Core2 Duo P8700 @ 2.53GHz
BING(long)! 2161093208 > 2161092246, 962
BING(long)! 2162448397 > 2161273312, 1175085
BING(long)! 2270110050 > 2270109040, 1010
BING(long)! 2270115061 > 2270110059, 5002
BING(long)! 2558052223 > 2557528157, 524066
BING(long)! 2571660540 > 2571659563, 977
BING(long)! 2646433569 > 2646432557, 1012
BING(long)! 2660841714 > 2660840732, 982
BING(long)! 2661795522 > 2660841715, 953807
BING(long)! 2712855281 > 2712854239, 1042
BING(long)! 2737627472 > 2735210929, 2416543
1025780885 =? 1073741823, 3168207035 =? 3221225470
通知BING(INT)如何不會被寫入,並證明了32位讀/寫操作上原子這個32位操作系統。
結果在Windows 7企業版64位:
Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit
Intel Core2 Duo P8700 @ 2.53GHz
BING(long)! 2208482159 > 2208121217, 360942
BING(int)! 280292777 > 279704627, 588150
BING(int)! 308158865 > 308131694, 27171
BING(long)! 2549116628 > 2548884894, 231734
BING(int)! 534815527 > 534708027, 107500
BING(int)! 545113548 > 544270063, 843485
BING(long)! 2710030799 > 2709941968, 88831
BING(int)! 668662394 > 667539649, 1122745
1006355562 =? 1073741823, 3154727581 =? 3221225470
注意,BING(長)和Bing(INT)都顯示出來!爲什麼32位操作失敗,更不用說64位操作了?
是否有可能編輯您的問題以使用工具欄上的「代碼示例」格式?這是難以置信的難以閱讀.. – JBRWilkinson 2010-06-07 16:57:04
我已經格式正確,但與TAB字符最初,而不是空間和預覽看起來不錯。當我發現發佈完全失敗時,我感到震驚。我現在修好了。 – 2010-06-07 16:58:59
我已經修好了:D – Femaref 2010-06-07 16:59:38