我剛剛看了這個鏈接http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186243.aspx爲什麼要使用公用表表達式?
這裏是代碼來創建表並插入數據: -
-- Create an Employee table.
CREATE TABLE dbo.MyEmployees
(
EmployeeID smallint NOT NULL,
FirstName nvarchar(30) NOT NULL,
LastName nvarchar(40) NOT NULL,
Title nvarchar(50) NOT NULL,
DeptID smallint NOT NULL,
ManagerID int NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_EmployeeID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (EmployeeID ASC)
);
-- Populate the table with values.
INSERT INTO dbo.MyEmployees VALUES
(1, N'Ken', N'S�nchez', N'Chief Executive Officer',16,NULL)
,(273, N'Brian', N'Welcker', N'Vice President of Sales',3,1)
,(274, N'Stephen', N'Jiang', N'North American Sales Manager',3,273)
,(275, N'Michael', N'Blythe', N'Sales Representative',3,274)
,(276, N'Linda', N'Mitchell', N'Sales Representative',3,274)
,(285, N'Syed', N'Abbas', N'Pacific Sales Manager',3,273)
,(286, N'Lynn', N'Tsoflias', N'Sales Representative',3,285)
,(16, N'David',N'Bradley', N'Marketing Manager', 4, 273)
,(23, N'Mary', N'Gibson', N'Marketing Specialist', 4, 16);
他們給這個CTE: -
WITH DirectReports (ManagerID, EmployeeID, Title, DeptID, Level)
AS
(
-- Anchor member definition
SELECT e.ManagerID, e.EmployeeID, e.Title, edh.DepartmentID,
0 AS Level
FROM dbo.MyEmployees AS e
INNER JOIN HumanResources.EmployeeDepartmentHistory AS edh
ON e.EmployeeID = edh.BusinessEntityID AND edh.EndDate IS NULL
WHERE ManagerID IS NULL
UNION ALL
-- Recursive member definition
SELECT e.ManagerID, e.EmployeeID, e.Title, edh.DepartmentID,
Level + 1
FROM dbo.MyEmployees AS e
INNER JOIN HumanResources.EmployeeDepartmentHistory AS edh
ON e.EmployeeID = edh.BusinessEntityID AND edh.EndDate IS NULL
INNER JOIN DirectReports AS d
ON e.ManagerID = d.EmployeeID
)
-- Statement that executes the CTE
SELECT ManagerID, EmployeeID, Title, DeptID, Level
FROM DirectReports
INNER JOIN HumanResources.Department AS dp
ON DirectReports.DeptID = dp.DepartmentID
WHERE dp.GroupName = N'Sales and Marketing' OR Level = 0;
GO
,並得到這樣的輸出: -
ManagerID EmployeeID Title Level
--------- ---------- ----------------------------- ------
NULL 1 Chief Executive Officer 0
1 273 Vice President of Sales 1
273 16 Marketing Manager 2
273 274 North American Sales Manager 2
273 285 Pacific Sales Manager 2
16 23 Marketing Specialist 3
274 275 Sales Representative 3
274 276 Sales Representative 3
285 286 Sales Representative 3
嗯,我寫爲除了關卡號之外,還有幾乎相同的結果: -
Select e.ManagerId,
m.FirstName as [Manager Name],
e.EmployeeId,
e.FirstName as [Employee Name],
e.Title
from dbo.MyEmployees e
LEFT JOIN dbo.MyEmployees m
On e.ManagerId = m.EmployeeId;
CTE只打印關卡號的目的是什麼?有人可以給我一些具體的例子,說明爲什麼需要CTE?
感謝提前:)
該示例在遞歸方案中提供了CTE用法。嘗試這種方式,而不使用CTE,你會明白爲什麼它很有用。 – 2010-07-02 16:18:13