項目配置方法在Tkinter中不起作用

Question

我試圖在python中爲我的小項目使用Tkinter庫。我創造了一個500平方的廣場，裏面有10000個小廣場。

我想讓每個小方塊在用戶點擊時變黑。有人可以告訴我爲什麼，我真的很感激它。下面是圖形代碼：

from Tkinter import * 
from button import * 

class AppFrame(Frame): 




def __init__(self): 

    self.root = Tk() 
    self.root.geometry = ("1000x1000") 
    self.f = Frame(self.root, relief = 'sunken', width = 600, height = 600) 
    self.w = Canvas(self.f,width = 505, height =505) 

    ##get the x, y value whenever the user make a mouse click 
    self.w.bind("<Button-1>", self.xy) 
    self.bolist = [] 

    for k in range(1,101): 
     for i in range(1, 101): 

      button = Buttons(self.w, i * 5, k * 5, i * 5 + 5, k * 5 + 5) 
      self.bolist.append(button) 

    self.f.grid(column =0, columnspan = 4) 
    self.w.grid(column = 0) 

    self.root.mainloop() 


def xy (self, event): 
    self.x, self.y = event.x, event.y 
    print (self.x, self.y) 
    ##check each button if it's clicked 
    for hb in self.bolist: 
     if hb.clicked(self.x, self.y): 
      print ("hurry") 
      hb.activate() 

而且

##button.py 
from Tkinter import * 


class Buttons: 

def __init__(self,canvas,bx,by,tx,ty): 

    self.canvas = canvas 
    self.rec = canvas.create_rectangle((bx,by,tx,ty),fill = "lightgray", 
             activefill= 'black', outline = 'lightgray') 


    self.xmin = bx 
    self.xmax = tx 
    self.ymin = by 
    self.ymax = ty 
    ##print (bx, by, tx, ty) 
def clicked(self, px, py): 
    return (self.active and self.xmin <= px <= self.xmax and 
      self.ymin <= py <= self.ymax) 
def activate(self): 
    self.canvas.itemconfigure(slef.rec, fill = 'black') 
    self.active = True 

Answer 1

的問題是，你不初始化active屬性，所以它不存在，直到細胞變得活躍。要解決該問題，請在Buttons的__init__方法內添加self.active = False。

你也有一個錯字在這一行（請注意您使用slef而非self）：

self.canvas.itemconfigure(slef.rec, fill = 'black') 

而不是在畫布上一個全球性的結合，這將是更有效地設定每個單獨的綁定長方形。然後，您可以使用綁定將Buttons類的實例傳遞給回調函數。通過這種方式，您不必遍歷數千個尋找被點擊的小部件。

爲此，請使用畫布的tag_bind方法。你可以這樣做，以便你的主程序傳入一個函數的引用，當矩形被點擊時調用，然後綁定可以調用該方法並將它傳遞給它自己。

例如：

class Buttons: 

    def __init__(self,canvas,bx,by,tx,ty, callback): 
     ... 
     self.rec = canvas.create_rectangle(...) 
     self.canvas.tag_bind(self.rec, "<1>", 
      lambda event: callback(self)) 
     ... 


class AppFrame(Frame): 
    def __init__(...): 
     ... 
      button = Buttons(..., self.callback) 
     ... 

    def callback(self, b): 
     b.activate() 

Answer 2

在這裏，我看着你的代碼，調試它，並且做了一些調整。它現在有效。 只要保持這兩個腳本一個文件夾中，然後運行您的AppFrame腳本（第二個在這個答案）

##button.py 
from Tkinter import * 

class Buttons: 

    def __init__(self,canvas,bx,by,tx,ty): 

     self.canvas = canvas 
     self.rec = canvas.create_rectangle((bx,by,tx,ty),fill = "lightgray", activefill= 'black', outline = 'lightgray') 


     self.xmin = bx 
     self.xmax = tx 
     self.ymin = by 
     self.ymax = ty 
     ##print (bx, by, tx, ty) 
    def clicked(self, px, py): 
     return (self.xmin <= px <= self.xmax and 
       self.ymin <= py <= self.ymax) 
    def activate(self): 
     self.canvas.itemconfigure(self.rec, fill = 'black') 

和

from Tkinter import * 
from button import * 

class AppFrame(Frame): 

    def __init__(self): 

     self.root = Tk() 
     self.root.geometry = ("1000x1000") 
     self.f = Frame(self.root, relief = 'sunken', width = 600, height = 600) 
     self.w = Canvas(self.f,width = 505, height =505) 

     ##get the x, y value whenever the user make a mouse click 
     self.w.bind("<Button-1>", self.xy) 
     self.bolist = [] 

     for k in range(1,101): 
      for i in range(1, 101): 

       button = Buttons(self.w, i * 5, k * 5, i * 5 + 5, k * 5 + 5) 
       self.bolist.append(button) 

     self.f.grid(column =0, columnspan = 4) 
     self.w.grid(column = 0) 

     self.root.mainloop() 


    def xy (self, event): 
     self.x, self.y = event.x, event.y 
     print (self.x, self.y) 
     ##check each button if it's clicked 
     for hb in self.bolist: 
      if hb.clicked(self.x, self.y): 
       print ("hurry") 
       hb.activate() 

newApp = AppFrame()