2009-10-20 50 views
3

最後爲了在PostgreSQL: 我有一個有3列一個表:PostgreSQL的選擇每個客戶的每日期範圍

CustomerNum, OrderNum, OrderDate

對於每個日期範圍內的每個客戶,可能(或可能不)有很多訂單。我需要的是位於提供的日期範圍內的每個客戶的最後一個OrderNum。 我一直在做的是獲得客戶的ResultSet並分別查詢每個客戶,但這需要花費太多時間。

是否有任何方式使用子選擇選擇客戶,然後獲取每個客戶的最後一個OrderNum?

回答

7
select customernum, max(ordernum) 
from table 
where orderdate between '...' and '...' 
group by customernum 

僅此而已。

+0

這就是我要說的。它只需要一個小組。 – 2009-10-20 20:50:21

+0

「OrderNum」是一個順序值的假設可能不成立,或者簡單地說創建順序可能與日期順序不匹配(例如,OrderDate可能會標記訂單已完成的時間,而不是創建時間,並且你關心最終的時間)。 – 2017-06-21 15:07:39

4
SELECT t1.CustomerNum, t1.OrderNum As LastOrderNum, t1.LastOrderDate 
    FROM table1 As t1 
WHERE t1.OrderDate = (SELECT MAX(t2.OrderDate) 
         FROM table1 t2 
         WHERE t1.CustomerNum = t2.CustomerNum 
          AND t2.OrderDate BETWEEN date1 AND date2) 
    AND t1.OrderDate BETWEEN date1 AND date2 
+0

這將導致一個使用外部全表掃描和內部子查詢嵌套循環,因爲Postgresql無法通過子查詢中的聚合提升OrderDate範圍約束。添加AND t1.OrderDate BETWEEN date1和date2將允許它在OrderDate上使用索引來限制結果集。 – 2009-10-20 20:50:24

+0

@Ants:Postgre真的不夠聰明,使用子查詢作爲嵌套循環連接中的外部表嗎? – erikkallen 2009-10-20 21:08:27

0

不知道你的客戶表的結構或關係,但這應該工作:

SELECT Customer.Num, (
    SELECT OrderNum FROM Orders WHERE CustomerNum = Customer.Num AND OrderDate BETWEEN :start AND :end ORDER BY OrderNum DESC LIMIT 1 
) AS LastOrderNum 
FROM Customer 
0

如果最後一個訂單號碼,你的意思是最大的訂單號碼,然後你可以用你的選擇作謂語,爲客戶NUM ,組結果和選擇最大:

SELECT CustomerNum, MAX(OrderNum) AS LastOrderNum 
    FROM Orders 
    WHERE 
     CustomerNum IN (SELECT CustomerNum FROM ...) 
      AND 
     OrderDate BETWEEN :first_date AND :last_date 
    GROUP BY CustomerNum 

如果最後一個訂單號不一定是最大的訂單數,那麼你要麼需要爲每個客戶找到最大的訂單日期,並與一起加入吧其餘的命令找到t他對應的號碼:

SELECT O.CustomerNum, O.OrderNum AS LastOrderNum 
    FROM 
     (SELECT CustomerNum, MAX(OrderDate) AS OrderDate 
      FROM Orders 
      WHERE 
       OrderDate BETWEEN :first_date AND :last_date 
        AND 
       CustomerNum IN (SELECT CustomerNum FROM ...) 
      GROUP BY CustomerNum 
     ) AS CustLatest 
      INNER JOIN 
     Orders AS O USING (CustomerNum, OrderDate); 
10

在Postgres的,你也可以使用非標DISTINCT ON條款:

SELECT DISTINCT ON (CustomerNum) CustomerNum, OrderNum, OrderDate 
    FROM Orders 
    WHERE OrderDate BETWEEN 'yesterday' AND 'today' 
    ORDER BY CustomerNum, OrderDate DESC; 

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-select.html#SQL-DISTINCT

+0

即使它不是標準的SQL,它也是這個問題的最佳答案。謝謝 – jlandercy 2015-10-07 09:01:14

+0

比其他解決方案更快,它在26萬行的表格上給了我35秒的結果。也可以使用不在分組中的字段,如: 'SELECT DISTINCT ON(field(s))* FROM ...' – 2017-04-06 19:39:04

0
-- generate some data 
DROP TABLE tmp.orders; 
CREATE TABLE tmp.orders 
    (id INTEGER NOT NULL 
    , odate DATE NOT NULL 
    , payload VARCHAR 
    ) 
    ; 
ALTER TABLE tmp.orders ADD PRIMARY KEY (id,odate); 

INSERT INTO tmp.orders(id,odate,payload) VALUES 
    (1, '2011-10-04' , 'one') 
, (1, '2011-10-24' , 'two') 
, (1, '2011-10-25' , 'three') 
, (1, '2011-10-26' , 'four') 
, (2, '2011-10-23' , 'five') 
, (2, '2011-10-24' , 'six') 
    ; 

-- CTE to the rescue ... 
WITH sel AS (
    SELECT * FROM tmp.orders 
    WHERE odate BETWEEN '2011-10-23' AND '2011-10-24' 
    ) 
SELECT * FROM sel s0 
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT * FROM sel sx 
    WHERE sx.id = s0.id 
    AND sx.odate > s0.odate 
    ) 
    ; 

結果:

DROP TABLE 
CREATE TABLE 
NOTICE: ALTER TABLE/ADD PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "orders_pkey" for table "orders" 
ALTER TABLE 
INSERT 0 6 
id | odate | payload 
----+------------+--------- 
    1 | 2011-10-24 | two 
    2 | 2011-10-24 | six 
(2 rows) 
相關問題