SQL Stairstep查詢需要幫助

Question

我需要一些幫助來生成MS SQL 2012查詢，以匹配所需的階梯輸出。該行總結了一個日期範圍（帳戶提交日期月）的數據，列由另一個日期範圍概括它（支付日期一個月）

表1：帳戶軌道帳戶放置集合。

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Accounts](
    [AccountID] [nchar](10) NOT NULL, 
    [SubmissionDate] [date] NOT NULL, 
    [Amount] [money] NOT NULL, 
CONSTRAINT [PK_Accounts] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (AccountID ASC)) 

INSERT INTO [dbo].[Accounts] VALUES ('1000', '2012-01-01', 1999.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Accounts] VALUES ('1001', '2012-01-02', 100.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Accounts] VALUES ('1002', '2012-02-05', 350.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Accounts] VALUES ('1003', '2012-03-01', 625.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Accounts] VALUES ('1004', '2012-03-10', 50.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Accounts] VALUES ('1005', '2012-03-10', 10.00) 

表2：跨軌道所作的付款

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Trans](
    [TranID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, 
    [AccountID] [nchar](10) NOT NULL, 
    [TranDate] [date] NOT NULL, 
    [TranAmount] [money] NOT NULL, 
CONSTRAINT [PK_Trans] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TranID ASC)) 

INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1000, '2012-01-15', 300.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1000, '2012-02-15', 300.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1000, '2012-03-15', 300.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1002, '2012-02-20', 325.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1002, '2012-04-20', 25.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1003, '2012-03-24', 625.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1004, '2012-03-28', 31.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1004, '2012-04-12', 5.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1005, '2012-04-08', 7.00) 
INSERT INTO [dbo].[Trans] VALUES (1005, '2012-04-28', 3.00) 

這裏的期望輸出應該是什麼樣子

        *Total Payments in Each Month* 
SubmissionYearMonth TotalAmount | 2012-01 2012-02 2012-03 2012-04 
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 
2012-01    2099.00  | 300.00 300.00 300.00  0.00 
2012-02    350.00  |   325.00  0.00 25.00 
2012-03    685.00  |     656.00 15.00 

前兩列按月總結Account.Amount分組。

最後4列爲Tran.TranAmount按月計算當前行給定月份中的賬戶。

我一直在用的查詢感覺很接近。我只是沒有正確的滯後。 這裏是我與迄今工作查詢：

Select SubmissionYearMonth, 
     TotalAmount, 
     pt.[0] AS MonthOld0, 
     pt.[1] AS MonthOld1, 
     pt.[2] AS MonthOld2, 
     pt.[3] AS MonthOld3, 
     pt.[4] AS MonthOld4, 
     pt.[5] AS MonthOld5, 
     pt.[6] AS MonthOld6, 
     pt.[7] AS MonthOld7, 
     pt.[8] AS MonthOld8, 
     pt.[9] AS MonthOld9, 
     pt.[10] AS MonthOld10, 
     pt.[11] AS MonthOld11, 
     pt.[12] AS MonthOld12, 
     pt.[13] AS MonthOld13 

From (
     SELECT Convert(Char(4),Year(SubmissionDate)) + '-' + Right('00' + Convert(VarChar(2), DatePart(Month, SubmissionDate)),2) AS SubmissionYearMonth, 
     SUM(Amount) AS TotalAmount 
     FROM Accounts 
     GROUP BY Convert(Char(4),Year(SubmissionDate)) + '-' + Right('00' + Convert(VarChar(2), DatePart(Month, SubmissionDate)),2) 
    ) 
AS AccountSummary 
OUTER APPLY 
(
SELECT * 
FROM (
     SELECT CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(Month, SubmissionDate, TranDate) < 13 
        THEN DATEDIFF(Month, SubmissionDate, TranDate) 
        ELSE 13 
       END AS PaymentMonthAge, 
       TranAmount 
     FROM Trans INNER JOIN Accounts ON Trans.AccountID = Accounts.AccountID 
     Where Convert(Char(4),Year(TranDate)) + '-' + Right('00' + Convert(VarChar(2), DatePart(Month, TranDate)),2) 
      = AccountSummary.SubmissionYearMonth 
     ) as TransTemp 
     PIVOT (SUM(TranAmount) 
       FOR PaymentMonthAge IN ([0], 
             [1], 
             [2], 
             [3], 
             [4], 
             [5], 
             [6], 
             [7], 
             [8], 
             [9], 
             [10], 
             [11], 
             [12], 
             [13])) as TransPivot 
) as pt 

它產生的輸出如下：

SubmissionYearMonth TotalAmount MonthOld0 MonthOld1 MonthOld2 MonthOld3 ... 
2012-01    2099.00  300.00 NULL  NULL  NULL  ... 
2012-02    350.00  325.00 300.00 NULL  NULL  ... 
2012-03    685.00  656.00 NULL  300.00 NULL  ... 

至於列日頭。我不確定這裏最好的選擇是什麼。我可以添加一組額外的列並創建一個可以在結果報告中使用的計算值。

SQL小提琴：http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!6/272e5/1/0

感謝您的任何援助。

Answer 1

Thomas，我作爲靈感的以下解決方案最後我用你的迴應。

我首先創建一個SubmissionDate，TranDate交叉連接骨架日期矩陣，以後我用它來加入AccountSummary和TranSummary數據。

生成的查詢輸出沒有按照每個TranDate月份的列格式化。相反，我在SQL Server Reporting Services矩陣中使用輸出，並使用基於TranSummaryMonthNum列的列分組來獲取所需的格式化輸出。

SQL Fiddle version

; 
WITH 
    --Generate a list of Dates, from the first SubmissionDate, through today. 
    --Note: Requires the use of: 'OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0)' to generate a list with more than 100 dates. 
    CTE_AutoDates AS 
    (Select Min(SubmissionDate) as FiscalDate 
     From Accounts 
     UNION ALL 
     SELECT DATEADD(Day, 1, FiscalDate) 
     FROM CTE_AutoDates 
     WHERE DATEADD(Day, 1, FiscalDate) <= GetDate() 
    ), 

    FiscalDates As 
    (SELECT FiscalDate, 
      DATEFROMPARTS(Year(FiscalDate), Month(FiscalDate), 1) as FiscalMonthStartDate 
     FROM CTE_AutoDates 
     --Optionaly filter Fiscal Dates by the last known Math.Max(SubmissionDate, TranDate) 
     Where FiscalDate <= (Select Max(MaxDate) 
          From (Select Max(SubmissionDate) as MaxDate From Accounts 
           Union All 
           Select Max(TranDate) as MaxDate From Trans 
           ) as MaxDates 
         ) 
    ), 

    FiscalMonths as 
    (SELECT Distinct FiscalMonthStartDate 
     FROM FiscalDates 
    ), 

    --Matrix to store the reporting date groupings for the Account submission and payment periods. 
    SubmissionAndTranMonths AS 
    (Select AM.FiscalMonthStartDate as SubmissionMonthStartDate, 
      TM.FiscalMonthStartDate as TransMonthStartDate, 
      DateDiff(Month, (Select Min(FiscalMonthStartDate) From FiscalMonths), TM.FiscalMonthStartDate) as TranSummaryMonthNum 
     From FiscalMonths AS AM 
      Join FiscalMonths AS TM 
      ON TM.FiscalMonthStartDate >= AM.FiscalMonthStartDate 
    ), 

    AccountData as 
    (Select A.AccountID, 
      A.Amount, 
      FD.FiscalMonthStartDate as SubmissionMonthStartDate 
     From Accounts as A 
      Inner Join FiscalDates as FD 
      ON A.SubmissionDate = FD.FiscalDate 
    ), 


    TranData as 
    (Select T.AccountID, 
      T.TranAmount, 
      AD.SubmissionMonthStartDate, 
      FD.FiscalMonthStartDate as TranMonthStartDate 
     From Trans as T 
      Inner Join AccountData as AD 
      ON T.AccountID = AD.AccountID 
      Inner Join FiscalDates AS FD 
      ON T.TranDate = FD.FiscalDate 
    ), 

    AccountSummaryByMonth As 
    (Select ASM.FiscalMonthStartDate, 
      Sum(AD.Amount) as TotalSubmissionAmount 
     From FiscalMonths as ASM 
      Inner Join AccountData as AD 
      ON ASM.FiscalMonthStartDate = AD.SubmissionMonthStartDate 
     Group By 
      ASM.FiscalMonthStartDate 
    ), 

    TranSummaryByMonth As 
    (Select STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate, 
      STM.TransMonthStartDate, 
      STM.TranSummaryMonthNum, 
      Sum(TD.TranAmount) as TotalTranAmount 
     From SubmissionAndTranMonths as STM 
      Inner Join TranData as TD 
      ON STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate = TD.SubmissionMonthStartDate 
       AND STM.TransMonthStartDate = TD.TranMonthStartDate 
     Group By 
      STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate, 
      STM.TransMonthStartDate, 
      STM.TranSummaryMonthNum 
    ) 

--#Inspect 1 
--Select * From SubmissionAndTranMonths 
--OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0) 

--#Inspect 1 Results 
--SubmissionMonthStartDate TransMonthStartDate TranSummaryMonthNum 
--2012-01-01    2012-01-01   0 
--2012-01-01    2012-02-01   1 
--2012-01-01    2012-03-01   2 
--2012-01-01    2012-04-01   3 
--2012-02-01    2012-02-01   1 
--2012-02-01    2012-03-01   2 
--2012-02-01    2012-04-01   3 
--2012-03-01    2012-03-01   2 
--2012-03-01    2012-04-01   3 
--2012-04-01    2012-04-01   3 

--#Inspect 2 
--Select * From AccountSummaryByMonth 
--OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0) 

--#Inspect 2 Results 
--FiscalMonthStartDate TotalSubmissionAmount 
--2012-01-01   2099.00 
--2012-02-01   350.00 
--2012-03-01   685.00 

--#Inspect 3 
--Select * From TranSummaryByMonth 
--OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0) 

--#Inspect 3 Results 
--SubmissionMonthStartDate TransMonthStartDate TranSummaryMonthNum TotalTranAmount 
--2012-01-01    2012-01-01   0     300.00 
--2012-01-01    2012-02-01   1     300.00 
--2012-01-01    2012-03-01   2     300.00 
--2012-02-01    2012-02-01   1     325.00 
--2012-02-01    2012-04-01   3     25.00 
--2012-03-01    2012-03-01   2     656.00 
--2012-03-01    2012-04-01   3     15.00 

Select STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate, 
     ASM.TotalSubmissionAmount, 
     STM.TransMonthStartDate, 
     STM.TranSummaryMonthNum, 
     TSM.TotalTranAmount 
From SubmissionAndTranMonths as STM 
    Inner Join AccountSummaryByMonth as ASM 
     ON STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate = ASM.FiscalMonthStartDate 
    Left Join TranSummaryByMonth AS TSM 
     ON STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate = TSM.SubmissionMonthStartDate 
      AND STM.TransMonthStartDate = TSM.TransMonthStartDate 
Order By STM.SubmissionMonthStartDate, STM.TranSummaryMonthNum 
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0) 

--#Results 
--SubmissionMonthStartDate TotalSubmissionAmount TransMonthStartDate TranSummaryMonthNum TotalTranAmount 
--2012-01-01    2099.00    2012-01-01   0     300.00 
--2012-01-01    2099.00    2012-02-01   1     300.00 
--2012-01-01    2099.00    2012-03-01   2     300.00 
--2012-01-01    2099.00    2012-04-01   3     NULL 
--2012-02-01    350.00    2012-02-01   1     325.00 
--2012-02-01    350.00    2012-03-01   2     NULL 
--2012-02-01    350.00    2012-04-01   3     25.00 
--2012-03-01    685.00    2012-03-01   2     656.00 
--2012-03-01    685.00    2012-04-01   3     15.00 

Answer 2

以下查詢非常多返回您想要的。您需要單獨執行操作。我只是一起加入結果：

select a.yyyymm, a.Amount, 
     t201201, t201202, t201203, t201204 
from (select LEFT(convert(varchar(255), a.submissiondate, 121), 7) as yyyymm, 
       SUM(a.Amount) as amount 
     from Accounts a 
     group by LEFT(convert(varchar(255), a.submissiondate, 121), 7) 
    ) a left outer join 
     (select LEFT(convert(varchar(255), a.submissiondate, 121), 7) as yyyymm, 
       sum(case when trans_yyyymm = '2012-01' then tranamount end) as t201201, 
       sum(case when trans_yyyymm = '2012-02' then tranamount end) as t201202, 
       sum(case when trans_yyyymm = '2012-03' then tranamount end) as t201203, 
       sum(case when trans_yyyymm = '2012-04' then tranamount end) as t201204 
     from Accounts a join 
      (select t.*, LEFT(convert(varchar(255), t.trandate, 121), 7) as trans_yyyymm 
      from trans t 
      ) t 
      on a.accountid = t.accountid 
     group by LEFT(convert(varchar(255), a.submissiondate, 121), 7) 
    ) t 
     on a.yyyymm = t.yyyymm 
order by 1 

我得到一個NULL，您在兩個單元中有0.00。

Answer 3

由於您使用的是SQL Server 2012，因此我們可以使用Format函數使日期變得非常漂亮。沒有必要按字符串分組。相反，我發現儘可能使用適當的數據類型並且只使用Format或Convert on display（或根本不讓中間層處理顯示）是有用的。

在這個解決方案中，我隨意地假設了最早的TransDate並從中提取了該月的第一天。但是，人們可以很容易地用所需的開始日期的靜態值來替換該表達式，並且該解決方案將花費該時間並且接下來的12個月。

With SubmissionMonths As 
    (
    Select DateAdd(d, -Day(A.SubmissionDate) + 1, A.SubmissionDate) As SubmissionMonth 
    , A.Amount 
    From dbo.Accounts As A 
) 
    , TranMonths As 
    (
    Select DateAdd(d, -Day(Min(T.TranDate)) + 1, Min(T.TranDate)) As TranMonth 
     , 1 As MonthNum 
    From dbo.Accounts As A 
    Join dbo.Trans As T 
     On T.AccountId = A.AccountId 
    Join SubmissionMonths As M 
     On A.SubmissionDate >= M.SubmissionMonth 
     And A.SubmissionDate < DateAdd(m,1,SubmissionMonth) 
    Union All 
    Select DateAdd(m, 1, TranMonth), MonthNum + 1 
    From TranMonths 
    Where MonthNum < 12 
) 
    , TotalBySubmissionMonth As 
    (
    Select M.SubmissionMonth, Sum(M.Amount) As Total 
    From SubmissionMonths As M 
    Group By M.SubmissionMonth 
) 
Select Format(SMT.SubmissionMonth,'yyyy-MM') As SubmissionMonth, SMT.Total 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 1 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month1 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 2 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month2 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 3 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month3 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 4 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month4 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 5 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month5 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 6 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month6 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 7 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month7 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 8 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month8 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 9 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month9 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 10 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month10 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 11 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month11 
    , Sum(Case When TM.MonthNum = 12 Then T.TranAmount End) As Month12 
From TotalBySubmissionMonth As SMT 
    Join dbo.Accounts As A 
    On A.SubmissionDate >= SMT.SubmissionMonth 
     And A.SubmissionDate < DateAdd(m,1,SMT.SubmissionMonth) 
    Join dbo.Trans As T 
    On T.AccountId = A.AccountId 
    Join TranMonths As TM 
    On T.TranDate >= TM.TranMonth 
     And T.TranDate < DateAdd(m,1,TM.TranMonth) 
Group By SMT.SubmissionMonth, SMT.Total 

SQL Fiddle version

Answer 4

下面的查詢完全複製的your final query in your own answer的結果，但時間不超過1/30的CPU（或更好），再加上是一個整體簡單了很多。

如果我有時間&能量，我相信我可以找到更多的改進......我的直覺告訴我，我可能不必多次擊中Accounts表。但無論如何，這是一個巨大的改進，即使對於非常大的結果集也應該表現得非常好。

請參閱the SqlFiddle for it。

WITH L0 AS (SELECT 1 N UNION ALL SELECT 1), 
L1 AS (SELECT 1 N FROM L0, L0 B), 
L2 AS (SELECT 1 N FROM L1, L1 B), 
L3 AS (SELECT 1 N FROM L2, L2 B), 
L4 AS (SELECT 1 N FROM L3, L2 B), 
Nums AS (SELECT N = Row_Number() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) FROM L4), 
Anchor AS (
    SELECT MinDate = DateAdd(month, DateDiff(month, '20000101', Min(SubmissionDate)), '20000101') 
    FROM dbo.Accounts 
), 
MNums AS (
    SELECT N 
    FROM Nums 
    WHERE 
     N <= DateDiff(month, 
     (SELECT MinDate FROM Anchor), 
     (SELECT Max(TranDate) FROM dbo.Trans) 
    ) + 1 
), 
A AS (
    SELECT 
     AM.AccountMo, 
     Amount = Sum(A.Amount) 
    FROM 
     dbo.Accounts A 
     CROSS APPLY (
     SELECT DateAdd(month, DateDiff(month, '20000101', A.SubmissionDate), '20000101') 
    ) AM (AccountMo) 
    GROUP BY 
     AM.AccountMo 
), T AS (
    SELECT 
     AM.AccountMo, 
     TM.TranMo, 
     TotalTranAmount = Sum(T.TranAmount) 
    FROM 
     dbo.Accounts A 
     CROSS APPLY (
     SELECT DateAdd(month, DateDiff(month, '20000101', A.SubmissionDate), '20000101') 
    ) AM (AccountMo) 
     INNER JOIN dbo.Trans T 
     ON A.AccountID = T.AccountID 
     CROSS APPLY (
     SELECT DateAdd(month, DateDiff(month, '20000101', T.TranDate), '20000101') 
    ) TM (TranMo) 
    GROUP BY 
     AM.AccountMo, 
     TM.TranMo 
) 
SELECT 
    SubmissionStartMonth = A.AccountMo, 
    TotalSubmissionAmount = A.Amount, 
    M.TransMonth, 
    TransMonthNum = N.N - 1, 
    T.TotalTranAmount 
FROM 
    A 
    INNER JOIN MNums N 
     ON N.N >= DateDiff(month, (SELECT MinDate FROM Anchor), A.AccountMo) + 1 
    CROSS APPLY (
     SELECT TransMonth = DateAdd(month, N.N - 1, (SELECT MinDate FROM Anchor)) 
    ) M 
    LEFT JOIN T 
     ON A.AccountMo = T.AccountMo 
     AND M.TransMonth = T.TranMo 
ORDER BY 
    A.AccountMo, 
    M.TransMonth;