如何使用mockito模擬休息模板

Question

我正在寫一個類（測試），它有休息模板調用junit。

response = restTemplate.exchange(uri, HttpMethod.POST, 
       headersString, SomeObject.class) 

我正在使用Mockito寫作junit。 下面的模擬語句引發錯誤

when(restTemplate.exchange(any(URI.class), any(HttpMethod.class), 
       headersString , SomeObject.class)). 

幫助我如何把其餘的模板調用在聲明時使用的JUnit的Mockito。

錯誤：

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 'url' must not be null 
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:112) 
    at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.doExecute(RestTemplate.java:534) 
    at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.execute(RestTemplate.java:518) 
    at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.exchange(RestTemplate.java:463) 
    at (Test.java:80) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) 
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) 
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28) 
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76) 
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) 
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37) 
    at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) 

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.InvalidUseOfMatchersException: 
Misplaced argument matcher detected here: 
-> at (Test.java:81) 

You cannot use argument matchers outside of verification or stubbing. 
Examples of correct usage of argument matchers: 
    when(mock.get(anyInt())).thenReturn(null); 
    doThrow(new RuntimeException()).when(mock).someVoidMethod(anyObject()); 
    verify(mock).someMethod(contains("foo")) 

Also, this error might show up because you use argument matchers with methods that cannot be mocked. 
Following methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified: final/private/equals()/hashCode(). 

    at org.mockito.internal.runners.util.FrameworkUsageValidator.testFinished(FrameworkUsageValidator.java:25) 
    at org.junit.runner.notification.RunNotifier$7.notifyListener(RunNotifier.java:145) 
    at org.junit.runner.notification.RunNotifier$SafeNotifier.run(RunNotifier.java:41) 
    at org.junit.runner.notification.RunNotifier.fireTestFinished(RunNotifier.java:142) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.EachTestNotifier.fireTestFinished(EachTestNotifier.java:37) 
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:82) 
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) 
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37) 
    at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) 

Answer 1

由於可能是由錯誤消息指出，您不能混合匹配器和固定值（不匹配），像這樣：

when(restTemplate.exchange(any(URI.class), any(HttpMethod.class), 
    headersString , SomeObject.class)). 
// ^^    ^^ 

你必須使用eq()匹配器的固定值，如下所示：

when(restTemplate.exchange(any(URI.class), any(HttpMethod.class), 
    eq(headersString), eq(SomeObject.class))). 

---

從Matchers javadoc：

Warning:

If you are using argument matchers, all arguments have to be provided by matchers.

Answer 2

下面的代碼工作，

ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<String>("sampleBodyString", HttpStatus.ACCEPTED); 
when(restTemplate.exchange(
Matchers.anyString(), 
Matchers.any(HttpMethod.class), 
Matchers.<HttpEntity<?>> any(), 
Matchers.<Class<String>> any())).thenReturn(responseEntity);