解析XML

Question

我想分析從XML file.Consider文本，我有一個file.xml

<s id="1792387-2">Castro Verde is situated in the Baixo Alentejo Subregion within a territory known locally as the Campo Branco (English: White Plains).</s> 

我如何可以提取從上面的線以下文本的幾行：

Castro Verde is situated in the Baixo Alentejo Subregion within a territory known locally as the Campo Branco (English: White Plains). 

在對文字進行一些更改之後，我希望返回帶有相同標記的更改文本，如下所示。

<s id="1792387-2"> Changed Text </s> 

任何建議please.Thanks！謝謝！

Answer 1

LXML使這特別容易。

>>> from lxml import etree 
>>> text = '''<s id="1792387-2">Castro Verde is situated in the Baixo Alentejo Subregion within a territory known locally as the Campo Branco (English: White Plains).</s>''' 
>>> def edit(s): 
...  return 'Changed Text' 
... 
>>> t = etree.fromstring(text) 
>>> t.text = edit(t.text) 
>>> etree.tostring(t) 
'<s id="1792387-2">Changed Text</s>' 

Answer 2

使用DOM包（Python中的一部分）http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/xml.dom.minidom.html解析XML是我最喜歡的：

import xml.dom.minidom 
d = xml.dom.minidom.parseString("<s id=\"1792387-2\">Castro Verde is situated in the Baixo Alentejo Subregion within a territory known locally as the Campo Branco (English: White Plains).</s>") 
oldText = d.childNodes[0].childNodes[0].data 
d.childNodes[0].childNodes[0].data = "Changed text" 
d.toxml() 

但是，這並不能幫助你分析文本，所以我不知道你到底想有什麼。

Answer 3

有解析XML一對夫婦STDLIB方法......但總的來說ElementTree是最簡單的：

from xml.etree import ElementTree 
from StringIO import StringIO 
doc = ElementTree.parse(StringIO("""<doc><s id="1792387-2">Castro…</s><s id="1792387-3">Other stuff</s></doc>""")) 
for elem in doc.findall("s"): 
    print "Text:", elem.text 
    elem.text = "new text" 
    print "New:", ElementTree.dump(elem) 

如果你的XML是從一個文件來了，你可以使用：

f = open("path/to/foo.xml") 
doc = ElementTree.parse(f) 
f.close() 
… use `doc` …