MS Access 2016中的SQL Server LEAD等效函數

Question

我正在嘗試在MS ACCESS表上創建某種有效性（日期範圍）字段。它將需要按ID，主題和級別分組來得出每條記錄的有效期。如果沒有采取相應的測試來提高成績，則截至目前的有效期限將設置爲99年12月31日。

我現在有如下表：

ID | Subject | Level | FromGrade | ToGrade | TestDate 
101 | Math | 5 | C+  | D  | 31/11/2016 
101 | Math | 4 | D   | A  | 01/12/2016 
101 | Math | 5 | D   | B+  | 12/12/2016 
101 | Math | 5 | B+  | A  | 25/12/2016 
102 | English | 4 | B   | B  | 20/12/2016 
102 | English | 4 | B   | C  | 28/12/2016 

結果表我應該得到以下的結尾：

ID | Subject | Level | FromGrade | ToGrade | TestDate | EffectiveTo 
101 | Math | 5 | C+  | D  | 31/11/2016 | 11/12/2016 
101 | Math | 4 | D   | A  | 01/12/2016 | 31/12/9999 
101 | Math | 5 | D   | B+  | 12/12/2016 | 24/12/2016 
101 | Math | 5 | B+  | A  | 25/12/2016 | 31/12/9999 
102 | English | 4 | B   | B  | 20/12/2016 | 27/12/2016 
102 | English | 4 | B   | C  | 28/12/2016 | 31/12/9999 

在SQL Server中做到這一點，我可以很容易地使用LEAD OVER功能：

SELECT [ID] 
, [Subject] 
, [Level] 
, [FromGrade] 
, [ToGrade] 
, [TestDate] 
, [EffectiveTo] = LEAD([TestDate], 1) OVER (PARTITION BY [ID], [Subject], [Level] ORDER BY [TestDate]) 
into StudentTable2 
FROM [dbo].[StudentTable1] 
ORDER BY [ID], [Subject], [Level], [TestDate] 

然後跟着一個

update [dbo].StudentTable2set [EffectiveTo] = DATEADD("DAY", -1, [EffectiveTo]) where EffectiveTo is not null 

但是，這是不是在MS Access/VBA腳本工作，有沒有其他方式可以實現相同的結果？

Answer 1

您可以使用相關的子查詢。要獲取MS Access中的下一個值：

SELECT st.*, 
     (SELECT MIN(st2.TestDate) 
     FROM dbo.StudentTable1 as st2 
     WHERE st2.ID = st.ID AND 
       st2.Subject = st.Subject AND 
       st2.[Level] = st.[Level] AND 
       st2.TestDate > st.TestDate 
     ) as EffectiveTo 
FROM dbo.StudentTable1 as st 
ORDER BY [ID], [Subject], [Level], [TestDate];