UnicodeEncodeError：'ascii'

Question

對不起，我真的是新來的..下面是完整的python腳本。

該腳本的目的是讀取兩個不同的1線溫度傳感器，然後使用HTTP POST將這些值寫入MySQL數據庫。

#!/usr/bin/python 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
import requests 
import hashlib 
import time 

#Dont forget to fill in PASSWORD and URL TO saveTemp (twice) in this file 

sensorids = ["28-00000", "28-000004"] 
avgtemperatures = [] 
for sensor in range(len(sensorids)): 
    temperatures = [] 
    for polltime in range(0,3): 
      text = ''; 
      while text.split("\n")[0].find("YES") == -1: 
        # Open the file that we viewed earlier so that python can see what   is in it. Replace the serial number as before. 
        tfile = open("/sys/bus/w1/devices/"+ sensorids[sensor] +"/w1_slave") 
        # Read all of the text in the file. 
        text = tfile.read() 
        # Close the file now that the text has been read. 
        tfile.close() 
        time.sleep(1) 

      # Split the text with new lines (\n) and select the second line. 
      secondline = text.split("\n")[1] 
      # Split the line into words, referring to the spaces, and select the 10th word (counting from 0). 
      temperaturedata = secondline.split(" ")[9] 
      # The first two characters are "t=", so get rid of those and convert the temperature from a string to a number. 
      temperature = float(temperaturedata[2:]) 
      # Put the decimal point in the right place and display it. 
      temperatures.append(temperature/1000 * 9.0/5.0 + 32.0) 

    avgtemperatures.append(sum(temperatures)/float(len(temperatures))) 

print avgtemperatures[0] 
print avgtemperatures[1] 

session = requests.Session() 
# Getting a fresh nonce which we will use in the authentication step. 
nonce = session.get(url='http://127.0.0.1/temp/saveTemp.php?step=nonce').text 

# Hashing the nonce, the password and the temperature values (to provide some integrity). 
response = hashlib.sha256('{}PASSWORD{}{}'.format(nonce.encode('utf8'), *avgtemperatures).hexdigest()) 

# Post data of the two temperature values and the authentication response. 
post_data = {'response':response, 'temp1':avgtemperatures[0], 'temp2': avgtemperatures[1]} 

post_request = session.post(url='http://127.0.0.1/temp/saveTemp.php', data=post_data) 

if post_request.status_code == 200 : 
    print post_request.text 

下面是我得到的新錯誤。

Traceback (most recent call last): 
File "/var/www/pollSensors.py", line 42, in <module> 
response = hashlib.sha256('{}PASSWORD{}{}'.format(nonce.encode('utf8'), *avgtemperatures).hexdigest()) 
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'hexdigest' 

Answer 1

nonce是unicode值; session.get(..).text總是unicode。

您試圖強制將該值強制爲字符串而不明確提供編碼。因此，Python正在嘗試使用默認的ASCII編解碼器爲您編碼。該編碼失敗。

改爲將Unicode值明確地編碼爲字符串。對於SHA 256哈希，UTF-8可能沒問題。

response = hashlib.sha256(nonce.encode('utf8') + 'PASSWORD' + 
          str(avgtemperatures[0]) + 
          str(avgtemperatures[1])).hexdigest() 

或使用字符串模板：

response = hashlib.sha256('{}PASSWORD{}{}'.format(
    nonce.encode('utf8'), *avgtemperatures)).hexdigest() 

Answer 2

我得到了類似的問題，但它是小數，而不是ascci

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