BASH排序行以模式開始

Question

我想打印路由器配置並僅排序以模式「crypto isakmp key 6」開頭的行。重要的是，我想在同一個地方留下這些行，所以在這行之前和之後應該保持在同一個地方（不排序）。

例CFG文件：

123 345 
678 901 
bla bla bla 
ble ble ble 
crypto isakmp key 6 kokofeofepokpfowkfpwjeiofjwiojefiow address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f09j4 address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 9i42kpfsej09f09j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 9j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f0 address 123.456.789.012 
ccc ddd eee 
fff ggg hhh iii 
123 456 

所以首先我想打印不變（行的隨機數）：

123 345 
678 901 
bla bla bla 
ble ble ble 

然後我想打印SORTED線開始加密ISAKMP密鑰6.

最後我想打印其餘文件不變（也是隨機數行）：

ccc ddd eee 
fff ggg hhh iii 
123 456 

我已經被很多操作，包括獲取第一個和最後的位置「加密ISAKMP密鑰6」，用尾/頭命令管理這一點，但它是相當複雜的，我不知道是否有選項AWK/SED可能是其他Linux工具來管理它的指定行。請解釋你的命令在步驟中做了什麼。

預期輸出（密碼排序其餘完好）：

123 345 
678 901 
bla bla bla 
ble ble ble 
crypto isakmp key 6 9i42kpfsej09f09j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 9j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f0 address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 kokofeofepokpfowkfpwjeiofjwiojefiow address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f09j4 address 123.456.789.012 
ccc ddd eee 
fff ggg hhh iii 
123 456 

問候， 邁克

Answer 1

不完全明白你的排序是什麼意思，但是這將加密線按字母順序排序，離開別人，因爲他們

所需的GNU AWK的ASORT功能。

awk 'y=/crypto isakmp key 6/{x=1;a[NR]=$0} 
    x&&!y{x=asort(a);for(i=1;i<=x;i++)print a[i];x=0};!x' file 

123 345 
678 901 
bla bla bla 
ble ble ble 
crypto isakmp key 6 9i42kpfsej09f09j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 9j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f0 address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 kokofeofepokpfowkfpwjeiofjwiojefiow address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f09j4 address 123.456.789.012 
ccc ddd eee 
fff ggg hhh iii 
123 456 

說明

y=/crypto isakmp key 6/ 
#variable y is set to 1 if the line contains this regex, 0 if not 
{ 
#The following code block within the brackets is executed if y is non zero 
x=1 
#Set x to 1(i.e true),done every match because it is less hassle and has no negative 
#side effects 
a[NR]=$0 
#Create array element in array a with a key of NR(line number,doesn't actually matter what 
#it is though just has to be unique each line) and a value of $0(the line) 
} 
#End that block 
x&&!y 
#If x(set in the previous block to 1) is set and y isn't (meaning we have encountered a 
#crypto line but the one we are currently on isn't a crypto line) then 
{ 
#Open block like before 
x=asort(a) 
#Sort the array a, and set x to the number of elements 
for(i=1;i<=x;i++) 
#for each element 
print a[i] 
#Print the element , note the loop ends here as we have not enclosed in brackets 
x=0 
#Set x to 0(false) 
} 
#End block 
!x 
#Default action for awk is to print the line if an command returns true, so will print any 
#line where x is not set or is 0 i.e not crypto lines. We could have also used y' 

---

有意義的名稱

awk 'InBlock=/crypto isakmp key 6/{Stored=1;Lines[NR]=$0} 
    Stored&&!InBlock{ 
     Count=asort(Lines) 
     for(i=1;i<=Count;i++)print Lines[i] 
     Stored=0 
    } 
    !InBlock' file 

Answer 2

這裏是我做過什麼：

# get interesting lines with numbers 
LINER1=`grep -n "^crypto isakmp key 6" r1` 

# get interesting lines without numbers for later output 
LINER1F=`grep "^crypto isakmp key 6" r1` 

# get whole config rows count 
LENGTHR1=`wc -l r1|awk '{print $1}'` 

# get 1st interesting line number 
STARTR1=`echo "$LINER1" | head -1 | cut -f 1 -d:` 

# get last interesting line number  
ENDR1=`echo "$LINER1" | tail -1 | cut -f 1 -d:` 

# assign 1st segment to variable 
SEGMENT1R1=`head -n $(($STARTR1 - 1)) r1` 

# assign interesting sorted segment to next variable 
SEGMENT2R1=`echo "$LINER1F"|sort` 

# assign last segment to variable 
SEGMENT3R1=`tail -n $(($LENGTHR1 - $ENDR1)) r1` 

# output whole config with sorted segment to file 
echo "$SEGMENT1R1" > r1 
echo "$SEGMENT2R1" >> r1 
echo "$SEGMENT3R1" >> r1 

我希望這可以這樣做的簡單方法，而不這麼多步驟。

Answer 3

你不告訴我們你想要什麼作爲排序依據，或你想要的分類，或秀我們預期的輸出，所以這是一個猜測，但也許它是或接近你想要的：

$ cat tst.awk 
/crypto isakmp key 6/ { 
    buf[$0] 
    gotBuf = 1 
    next 
} 
gotBuf { 
    PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc" 
    for (line in buf) { 
     print line 
    } 
    gotBuf = 0 
} 
{ print } 

$ awk -f tst.awk file 
123 345 
678 901 
bla bla bla 
ble ble ble 
crypto isakmp key 6 9i42kpfsej09f09j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 9j4ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f0 address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 kokofeofepokpfowkfpwjeiofjwiojefiow address 123.456.789.012 
crypto isakmp key 6 ofjwiojefiow352okdwofkwkfi9i42kpfsej09f09j4 address 123.456.789.012 
ccc ddd eee 
fff ggg hhh iii 
123 456 

上面使用的GNU awk 4. *爲sorted_in。