在查詢中插入固定值

Question

得到了這個問題我想有人幫我解決。我認爲在程序代碼中解決問題會更容易，但我開始重新思考這個想法。

使用PIVOT的SQL查詢從SELECT語句中提取數據，其中一個字段[Cat_Entries]是用作單元標籤的硬編碼值。 Cat_Entries的值是用COUNT(EventGUID)和/或CAST(SUM(Duration) AS varchar(10)) AS TotalRepairTime計算的。

從下面的SELECT聲明中可以看出，使用三個查詢的UNION來產生輸出。但是，如果「子查詢」作爲計算結果返回沒有值。但是，要求顯示標籤[Cat_Entries]，不管其值如何。

下面是數據貌似現在：

Cat  Cat Entries   6/1/2012 7/1/2012 8/1/2012 9/1/2012 
------ -------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 
00000A Critical Down Time  1  
00000A Critical Outage   1  
00000A Total Repair Time  65   
00000B Critical Down Time          6 
00000B Total Repair Time          90 
00000C Critical Down Time  1   5  
00000C Critical Outage   1   5  
00000C Total Repair Time  30   240  
00000D Critical Down Time          2  
00000E Critical Down Time       1  
00000G Critical Down Time          1  
00000M Critical Down Time  1       3  
00000M Critical Outage   1     3  
00000M Total Repair Time   60    180 

...這所需的輸出應該是什麼樣子（**表示插入空行）：

Cat  Cat Entrie s   6/1/2012 7/1/2012 8/1/2012 9/1/2012 
    ------ -------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 
    00000A Critical Down Time  1  
    00000A Critical Outage   1  
    00000A Total Repair Time  65   
    00000B Critical Down Time          6 
** 00000B Critical Outage   
    00000B Total Repair Time          90 
    00000C Critical Down Time  1   5  
    00000C Critical Outage   1   5  
    00000C Total Repair Time  30   240 
    00000D Critical Down Time          2 
** 00000D Critical Outage   
** 00000D Total Repair Time 

這裏與PIVOT的存儲過程：

SELECT @cols = STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT TOP 100 PERCENT '],[' + cast([Year] as varchar(4)) 
FROM vCatCountByMonthYear where SiteGUID = @SiteGuid 
and [Year] BETWEEN @StartDate AND @StopDate ORDER BY '],[' + cast([Year] as varchar(4)) 
FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 2, '') + ']' 

SET @query = N'SELECT Cat,[Cat_Entries], ' + @cols +' FROM (SELECT Cat,[Year], 
[Cat_Entries],Value,OrderBy FROM vCatCountByMonthYear 
where SiteGUID = ' + CHAR(39) + CONVERT(nvarchar(36), @SiteGuid) + CHAR(39) + ' and 
[Year] BETWEEN ' + CHAR(39) + @StartDate + CHAR(39) + ' AND ' + CHAR(39) + 
@StopDate + CHAR(39) + ') p PIVOT (Sum ([Value]) FOR [Year] IN ('+ @cols +')) 
AS pvt ORDER BY Cat,OrderBy' 

execute(@query) 

...這裏是VIEW的SPRO c使用：

SELECT SiteGUID, Cat_Entries, EntriesCount AS Value, 
     CONVERT(date, CAST(Month AS varchar(2)) + '-1-' + CAST(Year AS varchar(4))) AS MonthYear, 
     Month, Year, OrderBy, Cat, EventId 
FROM (SELECT SiteGUID, 'Critical Down Time' AS Cat_Entries, COUNT(EventGUID) AS EntriesCount, 
      Month, Year, 1 AS OrderBy, Cat, EventId 
FROM dbo.vCatCountTotalEntries 
GROUP BY SiteGUID, Month, Year, Cat, EventId 

UNION 
     SELECT SiteGUID, 'Critical Outage' AS Cat_Entries, COUNT(EventGUID) AS EntriesCount, 
      Month, Year, 2 AS OrderBy, Cat, EventId 
     FROM dbo.vCatCountEqpEntries 
     GROUP BY SiteGUID, Cat, Month, Year, Cat, EventId 
UNION 
     SELECT SiteGUID, 'Total Repair Time' AS Cat_Entries, 
      CAST(SUM(Duration) AS varchar(10)) AS TotalRepairTime, Month, Year, 3 AS OrderBy, 
      Cat, EventId 
     FROM dbo.vCatCountOnEqpRprTm 
     GROUP BY SiteGUID, Cat, Month, Year, Cat, EventId) AS W 

一如既往，我感謝您的時間和精力！ R.

Answer 1

因此，爲了獲得額外的行，您的主要選擇查詢必須能夠解釋它們，這意味着您不能過濾它們。

您目前正在做[年]在startdate和stopdate之間，因此您的初始結果集只會包含您的日期之間的值。而不是限制它，讓你的PIVOT爲你做這個限制。

所以你應該做的唯一改變就是把你的年份過濾掉出你的主要選擇，你應該看到你正在尋找的結果，我相信。

下面就來說明我的意思的例子：

CREATE TABLE #years(year_name VARCHAR(20), year_actual int) 
      --Insert three years 
    INSERT INTO #years 
      (year_name, year_actual) 
    SELECT 'rat', -- year_name - varchar(20) 
       1924 -- year_actual - int 
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT 'ox', 
       1925 
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT 'tiger', 
       1926 

      --I only care about two of those years 
    SELECT year_name, [1924], [1925] 
    FROM 
      --I need to select all the years so that all three rows show 
    (SELECT year_name, year_actual FROM #years) yr 
    PIVOT 
      --Here I select the years I actually care to count 
    (COUNT(year_actual) FOR year_actual IN ([1924], [1925])) pvt 

結果：

 --Now I pulled all three rows, with 'dragon' having zero rows 
    ox 0 1 
    rat 1 0 
    tiger 0 0