如何執行包含引號和雙引號組合的命令？

Question

我的腳本的目的是將消息發送到Mattermost服務器。 所以我用捲曲這樣做：

#!/bin/bash 
message="This is my message with potentially several quotes in it ..." 
url=http://www.myMatterMostServer.com/hooks/myMattermostKey 
payload="{ \"text\" : \"$message\" }" 
curlCommand="curl --insecure --silent --show-error --header 'Content-Type: application/json' -X POST --data '"$payload"' "$url 
echo -e $curlCommand 
$curlCommand 

echo命令顯示的東西，如果我把它複製並直接在終端執行它是可執行的。

但最後一行不正確執行，我有這個控制檯：

++ curl --insecure --silent --show-error --header ''\''Content-Type:' 'application/json'\''' -X POST --data ''\''{' '"text"' : '"This' is my message with potentially several quotes in it '..."' '}'\''' http://poclo7.sii24.pole-emploi.intra/hooks/iht8rz8uwf81fgoq9ser8tda3y 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'application' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host '"text"' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host ':' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host '"This' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'is' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'my' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'message' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'with' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'potentially' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'several' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'quotes' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'in' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'it' 
curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host '..."' 

我試圖引號，雙引號和$（命令）這麼多的組合......請大家幫幫我： - ）

Answer 1

變量用於數據而不是代碼。見Bash FAQ 50。改爲定義一個函數。

curlCommand() { 
    message=$1 
    url=$2 
    payload='{"text": "$message"}' 
    curl --insecure --silent --show-error \ 
     --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \ 
     -X POST --data "$payload" "$url" 
} 

curlCommand "This is my message with potentially several quotes in it ..." http://www.myMatterMostServer.com/hooks/myMattermostKey 

考慮使用jq生成有效載荷，以確保$message內容是正確轉義。

payload=$(jq --arg msg "$message" '{text: $msg}') 

或管道jq直接curl輸出：

jq --arg msg "$message" '{text: $msg}' | curl ... --data @- ...