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我是新來的編程和有一個任務，我一直在工作一段時間。我明白定義函數和很多基礎知識，但是現在我有點碰壁。電話簿數據庫幫助 - Python
我試圖找出這一個，並不真正瞭解'類'功能如何工作。我會很感激這個人的任何幫助;還有一些python資源的幫助可以虛擬下如何/爲什麼使用類。
你一直在工作一段時間的數據庫項目。你的老闆鼓勵你用Python編程數據庫。你不同意，認爲Python不是一種數據庫語言，但你的老闆通過提供下面的示例電話數據庫的源代碼持續存在。
他要求你做兩件事情：
評估現有的源代碼，並擴展它，使之成爲在該公司管理人員非常有用。 （您不需要GUI界面，只需處理數據庫方面：數據輸入和檢索 - 當然，您必須讓程序運行或正常工作
他希望您批判性地評估Python作爲數據庫工具。
導入下面的示例代碼到Python IDLE，提升它，運行和調試。通過提供簡單的數據錄入和檢索添加功能，使之成爲一個更現實的數據庫工具。
import shelve
import string
UNKNOWN = 0
HOME = 1
WORK = 2
FAX = 3
CELL = 4
class phoneentry:
def __init__(self, name = 'Unknown', number = 'Unknown',
type = UNKNOWN):
self.name = name
self.number = number
self.type = type
# create string representation
def __repr__(self):
return('%s:%d' % (self.name, self.type))
# fuzzy compare or two items
def __cmp__(self, that):
this = string.lower(str(self))
that = string.lower(that)
if string.find(this, that) >= 0:
return(0)
return(cmp(this, that))
def showtype(self):
if self.type == UNKNOWN: return('Unknown')
if self.type == HOME: return('Home')
if self.type == WORK: return('Work')
if self.type == FAX: return('Fax')
if self.type == CELL: return('Cellular')
class phonedb:
def __init__(self, dbname = 'phonedata'):
self.dbname = dbname;
self.shelve = shelve.open(self.dbname);
def __del__(self):
self.shelve.close()
self.shelve = None
def add(self, name, number, type = HOME):
e = phoneentry(name, number, type)
self.shelve[str(e)] = e
def lookup(self, string):
list = []
for key in self.shelve.keys():
e = self.shelve[key]
if cmp(e, string) == 0:
list.append(e)
return(list)
# if not being loaded as a module, run a small test
if __name__ == '__main__':
foo = phonedb()
foo.add('Sean Reifschneider', '970-555-1111', HOME)
foo.add('Sean Reifschneider', '970-555-2222', CELL)
foo.add('Evelyn Mitchell', '970-555-1111', HOME)
print 'First lookup:'
for entry in foo.lookup('reifsch'):
print '%-40s %s (%s)' % (entry.name, entry.number, entry.showtype())
print
print 'Second lookup:'
for entry in foo.lookup('e'):
print '%-40s %s (%s)' % (entry.name, entry.number, entry.showtype())
我不知道如果我在正確的軌道上，但這裏是我到目前爲止有：
def openPB():
foo = phonedb()
print 'Please select an option:'
print '1 - Lookup'
print '2 - Add'
print '3 - Delete'
print '4 - Quit'
entry=int(raw_input('>> '))
if entry==1:
namelookup=raw_input('Please enter a name: ')
for entry in foo.lookup(namelookup):
print '%-40s %s (%s)' % (entry.name, entry.number, entry.showtype())
elif entry==2:
name=raw_input('Name: ')
number=raw_input('Number: ')
showtype=input('Type (UNKNOWN, HOME, WORK, FAX, CELL): \n>> ')
for entry in foo.add(name, number, showtype): #Trying to figure out this part
print '%-40s %s (%s)'% (entry.name, entry.number, entry.showtype())
elif entry==3:
delname=raw_input('Please enter a name to delete: ')
# #Trying to figure out this part
print "Contact '%s' has been deleted" (delname)
elif entry==4:
print "Phone book is now closed"
quit
else:
print "Your entry was not recognized."
openPB()
openPB()