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更新的代碼：@FindBy WebElements不是在PageFactory/Page對象框架被初始化
public class FlightBookingTest extends PageBase{
@Test(priority = 1)
@Parameters({"from", "to"})
public void searchForAPackage(String from, String to) throws InterruptedException {
customerHomePage().selectDepartureAirport(from);
customerHomePage().selectDestinationAirport(to);
customerHomePage().selectStartDate();
customerHomePage().submitSearchRequest();
assertThat(searchResultsPage().checkPageTitle(), equalTo("Flight Results"));
}
頁面對象：
public class CustomerHomePage extends PageBase {
@FindBy(how = How.XPATH, using = ".//* [@id='container']/div/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/h3")
public WebElement searchResults;
//loads more locators
public CustomerHomePage(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
driver.manage().window().maximize();
}
public void visit(String url){
driver.get(baseURL);
}
public void selectDepartureAirport(String departureAirport) {
click(whereFromDropdown);
selectOption(departureAirport);
}
public void selectDestinationAirport(String destination) {
click(destinationLocator);
type(destination, destinationLocator);
selectOption("(" + destination + ")");
}
public void selectFromDate() {
type("15/07/2016", dateFromField);
}
public void submitSearchRequest() {
click(submitSearchButton);
waitForIsDisplayed(searchResults, 120);
}
public void selectStartDate() {
click(dateFromField);
click(nextMonthSelector);
click(dayOfMonth);
}
PageBase：
public class PageBase extends TestBase {
public CustomerHomePage customerHomePage()
{
return PageFactory.initElements(driver, CustomerHomePage.class);
}
試驗基地：
public class TestBase implements Config {
public WebDriver driver;
//a bunch of methods to handle Driver instantiation and kill
//a bunch of Webdriver utility methods including:
public void click(WebElement element) {
waitForIsDisplayed(element, 120);
element.click();
}
public Boolean waitForIsDisplayed(WebElement element, Integer... timeout) {
try {
waitFor(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element),
(timeout.length > 0 ? timeout[0] : null));
} catch (org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException exception) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
private void waitFor(ExpectedCondition<WebElement> condition, Integer timeout) {
timeout = timeout != null ? timeout : 5;
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeout);
wait.until(condition); //java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException HERE...Caused by NoSuchElementException
}
看起來框架不尊重等待期望條件 - 元素的可見性。我懷疑是與實施「visibilityOf（元素）」和@FindBy初始化元素異常
堆棧跟蹤的方式：
java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.findElement(Unknown Source)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.DefaultElementLocator.findElement(DefaultElementLocator.java:69)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.internal.LocatingElementHandler.invoke(LocatingElementHandler.java:38)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy9.isDisplayed(Unknown Source)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.elementIfVisible(ExpectedConditions.java:302)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.access$100(ExpectedConditions.java:41)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions$10.apply(ExpectedConditions.java:288)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions$10.apply(ExpectedConditions.java:285)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:238)
at com.multicom.fabrix.framework.TestBase.waitFor(TestBase.java:152)
at com.multicom.fabrix.framework.TestBase.waitForIsDisplayed(TestBase.java:141)
at com.multicom.fabrix.pageobjects.CustomerHomePage.waitForResults(CustomerHomePage.java:75)
at com.multicom.fabrix.regressiontests.FlightBookingTest.searchForAPackage(FlightBookingTest.java:23)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:86)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:643)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:820)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1128)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:129)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:112)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:782)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:632)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:366)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:361)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:319)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:268)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1244)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1169)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1064)
at org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:74)
at org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:121)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at com.mycompany.mymodule.webdriver.WebDriverInvoker.invokeNormally(WebDriverInvoker.java:47)
at com.mycompany.mymodule.webdriver.WebDriverInvoker.invoke(WebDriverInvoker.java:38)
... 41 more
產生的原因：org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException ：沒有這樣的元素：無法找到元素：{「method」：「xpath」，「selector」：「.//*[@ id ='container']/div/div [3]/div/div [1]/div/h3「}
謝謝。作爲解釋 – Steerpike
我在這個階段不明白的是爲什麼所有的方法現在使用FindBy的炸彈與NoSuchElementExceptions。當我用斷點進行調試時，測試運行良好。所以，FindBy的同步問題。在WebDriver驅動到相關頁面或頁面區域之前，initElements是否會嘗試查找定位符？根據測試，我引用了幾個不同的PageObjects，因此一些FindBy可能會在頁面加載之前嘗試初始化？ – Steerpike
由於PageFactory.initElements只爲使用@FindBy批註標記的WebElement字段提供代理，因此初始化PageObjects的位置並不重要。但是，當您訪問這些字段時，對於諸如sendkeys或click等方法，您必須確保瀏覽器位於正確的頁面上。您可以將當前URL與您想要的PageObject進行比較，或者查看LoadableComponent類。如果您獲取的NoSuchElementExceptions在調試模式下消失，則需要使用WebDriverWait和ExpectedConditions類進行正確同步。 – Grasshopper