Python - OOP井字遊戲

Question

我正在爲作業寫一個井字棋遊戲。它需要使用面向對象的編程，它必須相對聰明 - 它需要阻止玩家的成功。我遇到了很多麻煩。

我的問題來自我的rowabouttowin方法：我做了一個非常複雜的列表理解，我認爲我沒有做到正確。

我想要的是一種方法，用於檢查玩家是否將水平贏得比賽（O_O，OO_或OO，如果mark = O），並且如果玩家是，返回位置電腦應該玩。

任何關於如何最好地解決這個問題的幫助或建議？

from random import randint 

class TTT: 
    board = [[' ' for row in range(3)] for col in range(3)] 
    currentgame = [] 

    def print(self): 
    """Displays the current board.""" 
     print("\n-----\n".join("|".join(row) for row in self.board)) 

    def mark(self,pos,mark): 
    """Method that places designated mark at designated position on the board.""" 
     x,y = pos 
     self.board[x][y] = mark 

    def win(self,mark): 
    """Method that checks if someone has won the game.""" 
     if mark == self.board[0][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][2]: 
      return True 
     if mark == self.board[2][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[0][2]: 
      return True 
     elif mark == self.board[0][0] == self.board[1][0] == self.board[2][0]: 
      return True 
     elif mark == self.board[1][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[1][2]: 
      return True 
     elif mark == self.board[0][1] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][1]: 
      return True 
     elif mark == self.board[0][2] == self.board[1][2] == self.board[2][2]: 
      return True 
     elif mark == self.board[0][0] == self.board[0][1] == self.board[0][2]: 
      return True 
     elif mark == self.board[2][0] == self.board[2][1] == self.board[2][2]: 
      return True 
     else: 
      return False 



    def choose(self,mark): 
    """The computer chooses a place to play. If the player is not about to win, 
    plays randomly. Otherwise, does a series of checks to see if the player is about 
    to win horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. I only have horizontal done.""" 
     spotx = randint(0,2) 
     spoty = randint(0,2) 
     if self.rowabouttowin(mark): 
      self.mark((self.rowabouttowin(mark)),mark) 
     elif self.legalspace(spotx,spoty): 
      self.mark((spotx,spoty),mark) 
     else: 
      self.choose(mark) 


    def legalspace(self,spotx,spoty): 
    """Returns True if the provided spot is empty.""" 
     if self.board[spotx][spoty] == ' ': 
      return True 
     else: 
      return False 


    def rowabouttowin(self,mark): 
    """If the player is about to win via a horizontal 3-in-a-row, 
    returns location where the computer should play""" 
     for row in range(3): 
      if any(' ' == self.board[row][1] for i in range(3)) and any(self.board[row][i] == self.board[row][j] for i in range(3) for j in range(3)): 
        if self.board[row][i] == ' ' : yield(self.board[row][i % 3], self.board[row][i]) 

目前這給出了這樣的錯誤消息：

Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "<pyshell#49>", line 1, in <module> 
    x.choose('x') 
    File "/Users/richiehoffman/Documents/Python Programs/Tic Tac Toe.py", line 40, in choose 
    self.mark((self.rowabouttowin(mark)),mark) 
    File "/Users/richiehoffman/Documents/Python Programs/Tic Tac Toe.py", line 11, in mark 
    x,y = pos 
    File "/Users/richiehoffman/Documents/Python Programs/Tic Tac Toe.py", line 61, in rowabouttowin 
    if self.board[row][i] == ' ' : yield(self.board[row][i % 3], self.board[row][i]) 
NameError: global name 'i' is not defined 

Answer 1

一些提示：

• 您使用類變量，而不是實例變量，所以找差價。我將您的類更改爲使用實例變量，因爲您設置的變量應該屬於實例。

• 考慮讓事情更具可讀性。

• 使用__str__來製作班級的可打印版本。這樣，你可以做print(class_instance)，它會出來很好。

這是我改變了：

from random import randint 

class TTT(object): 
    def __init__(self): 
     self.board = [[' ' for row in range(3)] for col in range(3)] 
     self.currentgame = [] 

    def __str__(self): 
     """Displays the current board.""" 

     return "\n-----\n".join("|".join(row) for row in self.board) 

    def mark(self, pos, mark): 
     """Method that places designated mark at designated position on the board.""" 

     x, y = pos 
     self.board[x][y] = mark 

    def win(self, mark): 
     """Method that checks if someone has won the game.""" 

     for row in self.board: 
      if row[0] == row[1] == row[2]: 
       return True 

     for i in range(3): 
      if self.board[0][i] == self.board[1][i] == self.board[2][i]: 
       return True 

     if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2]: 
      return True 
     elif board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0]: 
      return True 
     else: 
      return False 



    def choose(self, mark): 
     """The computer chooses a place to play. If the player is not about to win, 
     plays randomly. Otherwise, does a series of checks to see if the player is about 
     to win horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. I only have horizontal done.""" 

     spotx = randint(0, 2) 
     spoty = randint(0, 2) 

     if self.rowabouttowin(mark): 
      self.mark((self.rowabouttowin(mark)), mark) 
     elif self.legalspace(spotx, spoty): 
      self.mark((spotx, spoty), mark) 
     else: 
      self.choose(mark) 


    def legalspace(self, spotx, spoty): 
     """Returns True if the provided spot is empty.""" 

     return self.board[spotx][spoty] == ' ' 


    def rowabouttowin(self, mark): 
     """If the player is about to win via a horizontal 3-in-a-row, 
     returns location where the computer should play""" 

     for row in range(3): 
      check_one = any(' ' == self.board[row][1] for i in range(3)) 
      check_two = any(self.board[row][i] == self.board[row][j] for i in range(3) for j in range(3)) 

      # I have no idea what this code does 

      if self.board[row][i] == ' ' : 
       yield self.board[row][i % 3], self.board[row][i]