2014-01-30 17 views
4

我想實現的是回答這個問題的程序:如何找到特定號碼的確切操作集?

如果給你一個具體的數字(例如:268)
和其他6個號碼(例如:2,4,5,25 ,75,100)

我該如何找到能夠給出準確答案或最接近答案的操作? 75 * 4-25-5-2 = 268


規則:

  1. 您可以使用這些算術運算:

    您可以使用此操作回答前面的例子+, - ,*,/,()。

  2. 當你使用除法時,提醒必須等於0(6/3沒問題,但是 6/4不行!)。
  3. 您不能多次使用同一個號碼。 另外,您可以避免使用數字(例如:在我們的 前面的示例中爲100)。

是否有更好的解決方案,而不是寫出所有的可能性,並採取最接近的?因爲這個答案會迫使我寫太多的代碼行,謝謝!

+4

蠻力解決方案並不是那麼多的代碼行,可能不是一個更快的解決方案。 – Kevin

+0

如果任務是要找到最佳答案,那麼你必須經歷所有可能性,只需用盡可能多的'if'語句來增強代碼,以避免一些無用的計算。 –

+0

你是否總是得到6個數字來產生第一個數字?而且,僅僅出於好奇,在這個問題出現的背景下呢? –

回答

7

事實上,蠻力解決方案實在是沒有那麼多的代碼

(編輯:改變了代碼略有下降,因爲一些規則沒有得到適當的考慮)

import java.util.ArrayList; 
import java.util.Arrays; 
import java.util.List; 

public class NumberPuzzle 
{ 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
     List<Integer> numbers = Arrays.asList(2,4,5,25,75,100); 
     Integer result = 268; 
     solve(numbers, result); 
    } 

    private static void solve(List<Integer> numbers, Integer result) 
    { 
     List<Node> nodes = new ArrayList<Node>(); 
     for (int i=0; i<numbers.size(); i++) 
     { 
      Integer number = numbers.get(i); 
      nodes.add(new Node(number)); 
     } 
     System.out.println(nodes); 


     List<Node> all = create(nodes); 
     System.out.println("Found "+all.size()+" combinations"); 

     List<Node> best = new ArrayList<Node>(); 
     Integer minDifference = Integer.MAX_VALUE; 
     for (Node n : all) 
     { 
      //System.out.println(n); 
      Integer e = n.evaluate(); 
      Integer difference = Math.abs(e - result); 
      if (difference < minDifference) 
      { 
       best.clear(); 
       minDifference = difference; 
       best.add(n); 
      } 
      else if (difference.equals(minDifference)) 
      { 
       best.add(n); 
      } 
     } 

     for (Node n : best) 
     { 
      System.out.println(n+" = "+n.evaluate()); 
     } 
    } 

    private static List<Node> create(List<Node> nodes) 
    { 
     if (nodes.size() == 1) 
     { 
      return nodes; 
     } 
     List<Node> result = new ArrayList<Node>(nodes); 
     for (int i=0; i<nodes.size(); i++) 
     { 
      List<Node> copy = new ArrayList<Node>(nodes); 
      Node node = copy.remove(i); 
      List<Node> others = create(copy); 
      for (int j=0; j<others.size(); j++) 
      { 
       Node other = others.get(j); 
       result.add(new Node(node, '+', other)); 
       result.add(new Node(node, '*', other)); 
       result.add(new Node(node, '-', other)); 
       result.add(new Node(other, '-', node)); 

       Integer vNode = node.evaluate(); 
       Integer vOther = other.evaluate(); 
       if (vOther != 0 && vNode % vOther == 0) 
       { 
        result.add(new Node(node, '/', other)); 
       } 
       if (vNode != 0 && vOther % vNode == 0) 
       { 
        result.add(new Node(other, '/', node)); 
       } 
      } 
     } 
     return result; 
    } 

    static class Node 
    { 
     Integer value; 
     Node left; 
     Character op; 
     Node right; 

     Node(Node left, Character op, Node right) 
     { 
      this.left = left; 
      this.op = op; 
      this.right = right; 
     } 
     Node(Integer value) 
     { 
      this.value = value; 
     } 

     Integer evaluate() 
     { 
      if (op != null) 
      { 
       Integer lv = left.evaluate(); 
       Integer rv = right.evaluate(); 
       switch (op) 
       { 
        case '+': return lv + rv; 
        case '-': return lv - rv; 
        case '*': return lv * rv; 
        case '/': return rv.equals(0) ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : lv/rv; 
       } 
      } 
      return value; 
     } 

     @Override 
     public String toString() 
     { 
      if (op == null) 
      { 
       return String.valueOf(value); 
      } 
      return "("+left.toString()+op+right.toString()+")"; 
     } 
    } 
} 

它發現頗有些解決方案....

(編輯:根據變化的代碼更新)

(2*(4+(5+(25+100)))) = 268 
(2*(4+(5+(100+25)))) = 268 
(2*(4+(25+(5+100)))) = 268 
(2*(4+(25+(100+5)))) = 268 
(2*(4+(100+(5+25)))) = 268 
(2*(4+(100+(25+5)))) = 268 
((5*(4-(25-75)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(75-25)))-2) = 268 
(2*(5+(4+(25+100)))) = 268 
((5*(4+(25-(75-100))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-((75-100)-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(25+(100-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(25+(100-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(25-(75-100))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-((75-100)-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(75-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-(25-75)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-(75-(25+100))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+((25+100)-75)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-(75-(100+25))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+((100+25)-75)))-2) = 268 
(2*(5+(4+(100+25)))) = 268 
((5*(4+(100+(25-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(100-(75-25))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-((75-25)-100)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(100-(75-25))))-2) = 268 
((5*(4-((75-25)-100)))-2) = 268 
((5*(4+(100+(25-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*((4+75)-25))-2) = 268 
((((4*75)-25)-5)-2) = 268 
(2*(5+(25+(4+100)))) = 268 
((5*(25+(4-(75-100))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25-((75-100)-4)))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+(4+(100-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+(4+(100-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+(4-(75-100))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25-((75-100)-4)))-2) = 268 
((5*((75+4)-25))-2) = 268 
((((75*4)-25)-5)-2) = 268 
((5*(25-(75-(4+100))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+((4+100)-75)))-2) = 268 
((5*(25-(75-(100+4))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+((100+4)-75)))-2) = 268 
(2*(5+(25+(100+4)))) = 268 
((5*(25+(100+(4-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+(100-(75-4))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25-((75-4)-100)))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+(100-(75-4))))-2) = 268 
((5*(25-((75-4)-100)))-2) = 268 
((5*(25+(100+(4-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(75+(4-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*(75-(25-4)))-2) = 268 
((5*((4+(25+100))-75))-2) = 268 
((5*((4+(100+25))-75))-2) = 268 
((5*(75-(25-4)))-2) = 268 
((5*(75+(4-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*((25+(4+100))-75))-2) = 268 
((5*((25+(100+4))-75))-2) = 268 
((5*((100+(4+25))-75))-2) = 268 
(((75+(100+(4*25)))-5)-2) = 268 
((5*((100+(25+4))-75))-2) = 268 
(((75+(100+(25*4)))-5)-2) = 268 
(2*(5+(100+(4+25)))) = 268 
((5*(100+(4+(25-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+(4-(75-25))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100-((75-25)-4)))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+(4-(75-25))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100-((75-25)-4)))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+(4+(25-75))))-2) = 268 
(2*(5+(100+(25+4)))) = 268 
((5*(100+(25+(4-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+(25-(75-4))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100-((75-4)-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+(25-(75-4))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100-((75-4)-25)))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+(25+(4-75))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100-(75-(4+25))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+((4+25)-75)))-2) = 268 
(((100+(75+(4*25)))-5)-2) = 268 
((5*(100-(75-(25+4))))-2) = 268 
((5*(100+((25+4)-75)))-2) = 268 
(((100+(75+(25*4)))-5)-2) = 268 
(2*(25+(4+(5+100)))) = 268 
(2*(25+(4+(100+5)))) = 268 
((((4*75)-5)-25)-2) = 268 
(2*(25+(5+(4+100)))) = 268 
((((75*4)-5)-25)-2) = 268 
(2*(25+(5+(100+4)))) = 268 
(2*(25+(100+(4+5)))) = 268 
(2*(25+(100+(5+4)))) = 268 
((((5*(4+75))-100)-25)-2) = 268 
((((5*(75+4))-100)-25)-2) = 268 
((75-(5-(100+(4*25))))-2) = 268 
((75+((100+(4*25))-5))-2) = 268 
((75-(5-(100+(25*4))))-2) = 268 
((75+((100+(25*4))-5))-2) = 268 
((75+(100-(5-(4*25))))-2) = 268 
((75-((5-(4*25))-100))-2) = 268 
((75+(100+((4*25)-5)))-2) = 268 
((75+(100-(5-(25*4))))-2) = 268 
((75-((5-(25*4))-100))-2) = 268 
((75+(100+((25*4)-5)))-2) = 268 
(2*(100+(4+(5+25)))) = 268 
(2*(100+(4+(25+5)))) = 268 
(2*(100+(5+(4+25)))) = 268 
(2*(100+(5+(25+4)))) = 268 
((100-(5-(75+(4*25))))-2) = 268 
((100+((75+(4*25))-5))-2) = 268 
((100-(5-(75+(25*4))))-2) = 268 
((100+((75+(25*4))-5))-2) = 268 
(2*(100+(25+(4+5)))) = 268 
(2*(100+(25+(5+4)))) = 268 
((((5*(4+75))-25)-100)-2) = 268 
((((5*(75+4))-25)-100)-2) = 268 
((100+(75-(5-(4*25))))-2) = 268 
((100-((5-(4*25))-75))-2) = 268 
((100+(75+((4*25)-5)))-2) = 268 
((100+(75-(5-(25*4))))-2) = 268 
((100-((5-(25*4))-75))-2) = 268 
((100+(75+((25*4)-5)))-2) = 268 
(((100*((75-5)-2))/25)-4) = 268 
(((100*((75-5)-2))/25)-4) = 268 
(((100*((75-2)-5))/25)-4) = 268 
(((100*((75-2)-5))/25)-4) = 268 
(((100*(75-(2+5)))/25)-4) = 268 
(((100*(75-(5+2)))/25)-4) = 268 
(4*(75-(2*(100/25)))) = 268 
(4*(75-(2*(100/25)))) = 268 
(4*(75-((2*100)/25))) = 268 
(4*(75-((100*2)/25))) = 268 
((((4*75)-25)-2)-5) = 268 
((((75*4)-25)-2)-5) = 268 
(((75+(100+(4*25)))-2)-5) = 268 
(((75+(100+(25*4)))-2)-5) = 268 
(((100+(75+(4*25)))-2)-5) = 268 
(((100+(75+(25*4)))-2)-5) = 268 
((((4*75)-2)-25)-5) = 268 
((((75*4)-2)-25)-5) = 268 
((75-(2-(100+(4*25))))-5) = 268 
((75+((100+(4*25))-2))-5) = 268 
((75-(2-(100+(25*4))))-5) = 268 
((75+((100+(25*4))-2))-5) = 268 
((75+(100-(2-(4*25))))-5) = 268 
((75-((2-(4*25))-100))-5) = 268 
((75+(100+((4*25)-2)))-5) = 268 
((75+(100-(2-(25*4))))-5) = 268 
((75-((2-(25*4))-100))-5) = 268 
((75+(100+((25*4)-2)))-5) = 268 
((100-(2-(75+(4*25))))-5) = 268 
((100+((75+(4*25))-2))-5) = 268 
((100-(2-(75+(25*4))))-5) = 268 
((100+((75+(25*4))-2))-5) = 268 
((100+(75-(2-(4*25))))-5) = 268 
((100-((2-(4*25))-75))-5) = 268 
((100+(75+((4*25)-2)))-5) = 268 
((100+(75-(2-(25*4))))-5) = 268 
((100-((2-(25*4))-75))-5) = 268 
((100+(75+((25*4)-2)))-5) = 268 
((((4*75)-5)-2)-25) = 268 
((((75*4)-5)-2)-25) = 268 
((((5*(4+75))-100)-2)-25) = 268 
((((5*(75+4))-100)-2)-25) = 268 
((((4*75)-2)-5)-25) = 268 
((((75*4)-2)-5)-25) = 268 
((75+(2*(4+(5+100))))-25) = 268 
((75+(2*(4+(100+5))))-25) = 268 
((75+(2*(5+(4+100))))-25) = 268 
((75+(2*(5+(100+4))))-25) = 268 
((75+(2*(100+(4+5))))-25) = 268 
((75+(2*(100+(5+4))))-25) = 268 
((((5*(4+75))-2)-100)-25) = 268 
((((5*(75+4))-2)-100)-25) = 268 
((100*(75-(2*4)))/25) = 268 
((100*(75-(4*2)))/25) = 268 
(75-(2+(5-(100+(4*25))))) = 268 
(75-(2-((100+(4*25))-5))) = 268 
(75+(((100+(4*25))-5)-2)) = 268 
(75-(2+(5-(100+(25*4))))) = 268 
(75-(2-((100+(25*4))-5))) = 268 
(75+(((100+(25*4))-5)-2)) = 268 
(75-(2-(100-(5-(4*25))))) = 268 
(75+((100-(5-(4*25)))-2)) = 268 
(75-(2+((5-(4*25))-100))) = 268 
(75-(2-(100+((4*25)-5)))) = 268 
(75+((100+((4*25)-5))-2)) = 268 
(75-(2-(100-(5-(25*4))))) = 268 
(75+((100-(5-(25*4)))-2)) = 268 
(75-(2+((5-(25*4))-100))) = 268 
(75-(2-(100+((25*4)-5)))) = 268 
(75+((100+((25*4)-5))-2)) = 268 
(75-(5+(2-(100+(4*25))))) = 268 
(75-(5-((100+(4*25))-2))) = 268 
(75+(((100+(4*25))-2)-5)) = 268 
(75-(5+(2-(100+(25*4))))) = 268 
(75-(5-((100+(25*4))-2))) = 268 
(75+(((100+(25*4))-2)-5)) = 268 
(75-(5-(100-(2-(4*25))))) = 268 
(75+((100-(2-(4*25)))-5)) = 268 
(75-(5+((2-(4*25))-100))) = 268 
(75-(5-(100+((4*25)-2)))) = 268 
(75+((100+((4*25)-2))-5)) = 268 
(75-(5-(100-(2-(25*4))))) = 268 
(75+((100-(2-(25*4)))-5)) = 268 
(75-(5+((2-(25*4))-100))) = 268 
(75-(5-(100+((25*4)-2)))) = 268 
(75+((100+((25*4)-2))-5)) = 268 
(75-(25-(2*(4+(5+100))))) = 268 
(75+((2*(4+(5+100)))-25)) = 268 
(75-(25-(2*(4+(100+5))))) = 268 
(75+((2*(4+(100+5)))-25)) = 268 
(75-(25-(2*(5+(4+100))))) = 268 
(75+((2*(5+(4+100)))-25)) = 268 
(75-(25-(2*(5+(100+4))))) = 268 
(75+((2*(5+(100+4)))-25)) = 268 
(75-(25-(2*(100+(4+5))))) = 268 
(75+((2*(100+(4+5)))-25)) = 268 
(75-(25-(2*(100+(5+4))))) = 268 
(75+((2*(100+(5+4)))-25)) = 268 
(75+(100-(2+(5-(4*25))))) = 268 
(75-((2+(5-(4*25)))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100-(2-((4*25)-5)))) = 268 
(75-((2-((4*25)-5))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100+(((4*25)-5)-2))) = 268 
(75+(100-(2+(5-(25*4))))) = 268 
(75-((2+(5-(25*4)))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100-(2-((25*4)-5)))) = 268 
(75-((2-((25*4)-5))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100+(((25*4)-5)-2))) = 268 
(75+(100-(5+(2-(4*25))))) = 268 
(75-((5+(2-(4*25)))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100-(5-((4*25)-2)))) = 268 
(75-((5-((4*25)-2))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100+(((4*25)-2)-5))) = 268 
(75+(100-(5+(2-(25*4))))) = 268 
(75-((5+(2-(25*4)))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100-(5-((25*4)-2)))) = 268 
(75-((5-((25*4)-2))-100)) = 268 
(75+(100+(((25*4)-2)-5))) = 268 
(100+(2*(4+(5+75)))) = 268 
(100+(2*(4+(75+5)))) = 268 
(100+(2*(4+(75+(25/5))))) = 268 
(100+(2*(4+(75+(25/5))))) = 268 
(100+(2*(5+(4+75)))) = 268 
(100+(2*(5+(75+4)))) = 268 
(100-(2+(5-(75+(4*25))))) = 268 
(100-(2-((75+(4*25))-5))) = 268 
(100+(((75+(4*25))-5)-2)) = 268 
(100-(2+(5-(75+(25*4))))) = 268 
(100-(2-((75+(25*4))-5))) = 268 
(100+(((75+(25*4))-5)-2)) = 268 
((((5*(4+75))-25)-2)-100) = 268 
((((5*(75+4))-25)-2)-100) = 268 
(100+(2*(75+(4+5)))) = 268 
(100+(2*(75+(4+(25/5))))) = 268 
(100+(2*(75+(4+(25/5))))) = 268 
(100+(2*(75+(5+4)))) = 268 
(100-(2-(75-(5-(4*25))))) = 268 
(100+((75-(5-(4*25)))-2)) = 268 
(100-(2+((5-(4*25))-75))) = 268 
(100-(2-(75+((4*25)-5)))) = 268 
(100+((75+((4*25)-5))-2)) = 268 
(100-(2-(75-(5-(25*4))))) = 268 
(100+((75-(5-(25*4)))-2)) = 268 
(100-(2+((5-(25*4))-75))) = 268 
(100-(2-(75+((25*4)-5)))) = 268 
(100+((75+((25*4)-5))-2)) = 268 
(100+(4*(2+(25+(75/5))))) = 268 
(100+(4*(2+(25+(75/5))))) = 268 
(100+(4*(25+(2+(75/5))))) = 268 
(100+(4*(25+(2+(75/5))))) = 268 
(100-(5+(2-(75+(4*25))))) = 268 
(100-(5-((75+(4*25))-2))) = 268 
(100+(((75+(4*25))-2)-5)) = 268 
(100-(5+(2-(75+(25*4))))) = 268 
(100-(5-((75+(25*4))-2))) = 268 
(100+(((75+(25*4))-2)-5)) = 268 
(100-(5-(75-(2-(4*25))))) = 268 
(100+((75-(2-(4*25)))-5)) = 268 
(100-(5+((2-(4*25))-75))) = 268 
(100-(5-(75+((4*25)-2)))) = 268 
(100+((75+((4*25)-2))-5)) = 268 
(100-(5-(75-(2-(25*4))))) = 268 
(100+((75-(2-(25*4)))-5)) = 268 
(100-(5+((2-(25*4))-75))) = 268 
(100-(5-(75+((25*4)-2)))) = 268 
(100+((75+((25*4)-2))-5)) = 268 
((((5*(4+75))-2)-25)-100) = 268 
((((5*(75+4))-2)-25)-100) = 268 
(100+(75-(2+(5-(4*25))))) = 268 
(100-((2+(5-(4*25)))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75-(2-((4*25)-5)))) = 268 
(100-((2-((4*25)-5))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75+(((4*25)-5)-2))) = 268 
(100+(75-(2+(5-(25*4))))) = 268 
(100-((2+(5-(25*4)))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75-(2-((25*4)-5)))) = 268 
(100-((2-((25*4)-5))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75+(((25*4)-5)-2))) = 268 
(100+(75-(5+(2-(4*25))))) = 268 
(100-((5+(2-(4*25)))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75-(5-((4*25)-2)))) = 268 
(100-((5-((4*25)-2))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75+(((4*25)-2)-5))) = 268 
(100+(75-(5+(2-(25*4))))) = 268 
(100-((5+(2-(25*4)))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75-(5-((25*4)-2)))) = 268 
(100-((5-((25*4)-2))-75)) = 268 
(100+(75+(((25*4)-2)-5))) = 268 

但當然,由於交換性,其中許多是冗餘的。

人們可以很容易地避免在強力變體中檢查的許多解決方案。第一步可能是避免創建包含可交換元素的節點,並且可能實現一個equals方法,用於我在那裏繪製的快速骯髒的Node類,該類考慮了交換性,然後使用Set節點而不是List。此外,「簡單」,「低級別」優化也是可能的(例如,當找到完美匹配時提早返回)。

關於你的實際問題,是否有比強力更好的解決方案:我的直覺是答案是「否」,但這取決於應該解決哪個問題。關鍵點在於:假設給出了可用數字的列表和期望的結果值。並假設,從給定的輸入值創建結果值是不可能的。例如。當你有

input = { 1,2,3,4,5,6 } 
result = 10000000000; 

我認爲,要想真正證明,這是不可能的,你枚舉所有組合(返回到底「最好」的一個,在這裏可能會是1*2*3*4*5*6)。如果你跳過任何組合,你應該如何確定它不完全是最好的

但是,這只是一種直覺。也許有人更...數學參與...可以證明我錯了......

+0

OP的第二條規則說只允許除法沒有餘數。 – mdl

+0

是的,對不起,我已經在頂部添加了一個編輯提到,我忽略了這一點,我會相應地調整代碼 – Marco13

+1

更新了代碼,現在應該是正確的了...... – Marco13

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