SQL如何查詢引用特定外鍵值的表？

Question

我有表A與列ID上的主鍵和表B,C,D...有一列或多列與A.ID外鍵關係。

如何編寫一個查詢，向我顯示包含主鍵的特定值（例如17）的所有表？

我想要通用SQL代碼可以取表名和主鍵值並顯示所有通過外鍵引用該特定值的表。

結果應該是表名列表。

我使用MS SQL 2012

Answer 1

不是一個理想的一個，但應該返回所需要的（表列表）：

declare @tableName sysname, @value sql_variant 

set @tableName = 'A' 
set @value = 17 

declare @sql nvarchar(max) 

create table #Value (Value sql_variant) 
insert into #Value values (@value) 

create table #Tables (Name sysname, [Column] sysname) 
create index IX_Tables_Name on #Tables (Name) 

set @sql = 'declare @value sql_variant 
select @value = Value from #Value 

' 
set @sql = @sql + replace((
select 
    'insert into #Tables (Name, [Column]) 
select ''' + quotename(S.name) + '.' + quotename(T.name) + ''', ''' + quotename(FC.name) + ''' 
where exists (select 1 from ' + quotename(S.name) + '.' + quotename(T.name) + ' where ' + quotename(FC.name) + ' = @value) 
' 
from 
    sys.columns C 
    join sys.foreign_key_columns FKC on FKC.referenced_column_id = C.column_id and FKC.referenced_object_id = C.object_id 
    join sys.columns FC on FC.object_id = FKC.parent_object_id and FC.column_id = FKC.parent_column_id 
    join sys.tables T on T.object_id = FKC.parent_object_id 
    join sys.schemas S on S.schema_id = T.schema_id 
where 
    C.object_id = object_id(@tableName) 
    and C.name = 'ID' 
order by S.name, T.name 
for xml path('')), '
', CHAR(13)) 

--print @sql 
exec(@sql) 

select distinct Name 
from #Tables 
order by Name 

drop table #Value 
drop table #Tables 

Answer 2

你想看看sys.foreignkeys。我將開始從http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/02/26/sql-server-2008-find-relationship-of-foreign-key-and-primary-key-using-t-sql-find-tables-with-foreign-key-constraint-in-database/

給像

declare @value nvarchar(20) = '1' 

SELECT 
    'select * from ' 

    + QUOTENAME(SCHEMA_NAME(f.SCHEMA_ID)) 
    + '.' 
    + quotename(OBJECT_NAME(f.parent_object_id)) 
    + ' where ' 
    + COL_NAME(fc.parent_object_id,fc.parent_column_id) 
    + ' = ' 
    + @value 

FROM sys.foreign_keys AS f 
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns AS fc ON f.OBJECT_ID = fc.constraint_object_id 
INNER JOIN sys.objects AS o ON o.OBJECT_ID = fc.referenced_object_id 

Answer 3

你可以achive通過編寫一些SQL。我發表了一個例子，但它只是一個模型，展示了你可以做到的方式。

CREATE TABLE tempTable 
(
    TABLE_NAME varchar(255) 
); 

CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX Idx_tempTable ON tempTable(TABLE_NAME); 

DECLARE @var2 nvarchar(max) 

INSERT INTO tempTable 
     SELECT DISTINCT 
       TABLE_NAME 
     FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
     WHERE COLUMN_NAME LIKE '%COLUMN_NAME%' 

/*FOREACH result of the tempTable you could find if the COLUMN_NAME of the result(table) has the value you want*/ 

SET @var2 = 'SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM ' + tempTableResult + ' WHERE COLUMN_NAME=VALUE' 

exec(@var2) 

DROP TABLE tempTable