如何確定使用NLTK的語義層次結構/關係？

Question

我想用NLTK和wordnet來理解兩個單詞之間的語義關係。就像我輸入「員工」和「服務員」一樣，它會返回顯示員工比服務員更普遍的東西。或者對於「員工」和「工作人員」，它返回平等。有誰知道這是怎麼做到的嗎？

Answer 1

首先，您必須解決將單詞轉化爲引詞並進入Synsets的問題，即如何識別單詞中的synset？

word => lemma => lemma.pos.sense => synset  
Waiters => waiter => 'waiter.n.01' => wn.Synset('waiter.n.01') 

所以我們可以說你已經解決了上述問題，並來到位於waiter最右邊的表示，那麼你可以繼續比較同義詞集。請注意，一個詞可以有很多同義詞

from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn 
waiter = wn.Synset('waiter.n.01') 
employee = wn.Synset('employee.n.01') 

all_hyponyms_of_waiter = list(set([w.replace("_"," ") for s in waiter.closure(lambda s:s.hyponyms()) for w in s.lemma_names])) 
all_hyponyms_of_employee = list(set([w.replace("_"," ") for s in employee.closure(lambda s:s.hyponyms()) for w in s.lemma_names])) 

if 'waiter' in all_hyponyms_of_employee: 
    print 'employee more general than waiter' 
elif 'employee' in all_hyponyms_of_waiter: 
    print 'waiter more general than employee' 
else: 
    print "The SUMO ontology used in wordnet just doesn't have employee or waiter under the same tree"