以相同的票數輸出兩位候選人

Question

對於作業問題感到遺憾，我知道有些人不喜歡他們，但我很茫然。 我已經寫了一個代碼，根據我的任務，有用戶輸入他們想投票等，這一切都有效。第二部分的任務是修改它，所以如果兩個候選人有相同的投票，而不是在第三個是「...」第二個是「...」（第三個是第三個） ...「第二個輸出是」... + ...「第一個是」...「

這是我的代碼，

class Program 
{ 
    static void Main(string[] args) 
    { 
     //create empty arrays 
     int[] votes = new int[5]; 
     string[] names = { "Ahmed", "Boo", "Celine", "Didi", "Elaine" }; 
     for (int i = 0; i < names.Length; i++) 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", i, names[i]); 
     } 

     //input votes 
     Input(votes); 

     //sort votes 
     Sort(votes, names); 

     if (votes[0] > 0)//If there are any votes for the top candidate then do not display the output 
     { 
      //output sorted data 
      Console.WriteLine("\nVote summary"); 
      Output(votes, names); 

      Console.WriteLine("\nIn third place: {0}", names[2]); 
      Console.WriteLine("In second place: {0}", names[1]); 
      Console.WriteLine("And the winner is: {0}", names[0]); 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("No votes were made!"); 
     } 

     Console.ReadLine(); 
    }//end Main 

    static void Input(int[] arr) 
    { 
     int vote = EnterInt("Enter number of candidate you wish to vote for (0 to 4) or -1 to quit:"); 

     while (vote != -1) 
     { 
      if (vote < 0 || vote > 4) 
      { 
       Console.WriteLine("Invalid vote"); 
      } 
      else 
      { 
       arr[vote]++; 
      } 
      vote = EnterInt("Enter number of candidate you wish to vote for (0 to 4) or -1 to quit:"); 
     }//end while 
    }//end InputArray 


    public static void Sort(int[] votes, string[] names) 
    { 
     for (int pass = 1; pass < votes.Length; pass++) 
     { 
      int smallestPos = FindSmallest(votes, votes.Length - pass); 
      if (smallestPos != votes.Length - pass) 
      { 
       Swap(votes, smallestPos, votes.Length - pass); 
       Swap(names, smallestPos, votes.Length - pass); 
      } 
     }//end for 
    }//end Sort 

    public static int FindSmallest(int[] votes, int num) 
    { 
     int smallestPos = 0; 
     for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) 
     { 
      if (votes[i] < votes[smallestPos]) 
      { 
       smallestPos = i; 
      } 
     }//end for 
     return smallestPos; 
    }//end FindSmallest 

    public static void Swap(int[] votes, int first, int second) 
    { 
     int temp = votes[first]; 
     votes[first] = votes[second]; 
     votes[second] = temp; 
    }//end Swap 

    public static void Swap(string[] names, int first, int second) 
    { 
     string temp = names[first]; 
     names[first] = names[second]; 
     names[second] = temp; 
    }//end Swap 

    public static void Output(int[] votes, string[] names) 
    { 
     for (int i = 0; i < votes.Length; i++) 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", names[i], votes[i]); 
     }//end for 
    }//end Output 


    static int EnterInt(string prompt) 
    { 
     Console.Write(prompt); 
     int num; 
     while (!int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out num)) 
     { 
      Console.Write("Error! Please enter an integer number:"); 
     }//end while 
     return num; 
    } 
} 

謝謝你的幫助。

Answer 1

首先，我建議通過使您使用起來得心應手的LINQ功能，你使用單個集合來存儲所有候選人的名字和他們的投票數（由@Sinatr的意見建議），因爲它使代碼更簡單如.OrderBy（）。

要做到這一點，你有很多選擇在您的處置，您可以用名稱創建自己的候選類和投票屬性，或者您可以使用一個已經預定義的類型，如元組（字符串，int）或字典，就像我在示例代碼中使用的那樣。

正如您已經注意到的那樣，這個問題的難點在於對​​三位候選人的選票排名進行排序，得票最多。我用過的方法是組候選人得票數相同，然後將這些組從最高票數排序到最低票數。之後，我繼續檢索候選人的姓名，同時保持最大數量的姓名顯示在積分榜上，這是3。

我試着讓代碼儘可能簡單，同時保持您的結構大部分，請讓我知道你是否有任何疑問。

class Program 
{ 
    static Dictionary<string, int> candidates; //Make the variable accesible from any method for simplicity 
    static void Main(string[] args) 
    { 
     //initialize dictionary 
     candidates = new Dictionary<string, int>(); 
     candidates.Add("Ahmed", 0); 
     candidates.Add("Boo", 0); 
     candidates.Add("Celine", 0); 
     candidates.Add("Didi", 0); 
     candidates.Add("Elaine", 0); 

     //Print candidate names 
     for (int i = 0; i < candidates.Count; i++) 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", i, GetCandidate(i)); 
     } 

     //input votes 
     Input(); 

     //output votes if highest vote candidate has any 
     if (candidates.Max(c => c.Value) > 0) 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("Vote summary"); 
      Output(); 

      //to arrange the standings we need to group the candidates to evaluate if they share the same amount of votes 
      //additionally I choose to skip the group of candidates who have 0 votes, as there is no point on displaying them 

      var grouped_candidates = candidates.GroupBy(c => c.Value).Where(g => g.Key > 0).OrderByDescending(g => g.Key); 

      //we can only display 3 names in the standings so we set a counter 
      int standing_spots = 3; 

      string firstplace = string.Empty, secondplace = string.Empty, thirdplace = string.Empty; 

      //retrieve winner(s) 
      var first_group = grouped_candidates.ElementAt(0); 
      var winner_names = first_group.Select(c => c.Key); 
      firstplace = GetStandings("In first place: ", standing_spots, winner_names); 

      //retrieve second position(s) 
      var second_group = grouped_candidates.ElementAtOrDefault(1); 
      if (second_group != null) 
      { 
       var second_names = second_group.Select(c => c.Key); 
       secondplace = GetStandings("In second place: ", standing_spots, second_names); 
      } 
      //retrieve third position(s) 
      var third_group = grouped_candidates.ElementAtOrDefault(2); 
      if (third_group != null) 
      { 
       var third_names = grouped_candidates.ElementAtOrDefault(2).Select(c => c.Key); 
       thirdplace = GetStandings("In third place: ", standing_spots, third_names); 
      } 

      //Print standings 
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(thirdplace)) { Console.WriteLine(thirdplace); } 
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(secondplace)) { Console.WriteLine(secondplace); } 
      Console.WriteLine(firstplace); 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("No votes were made!"); 
     } 
     Console.ReadLine(); 
    } 
    static string GetStandings(string standing_txt, int standing_spots, IEnumerable<string> names) 
    { 
     if (standing_spots > 0) 
     { 
      if (names.Count() >= standing_spots) 
      { 
       standing_txt += string.Join("+", names.Take(standing_spots)); 
       standing_spots = 0; 
      } 
      else 
      { 
       standing_txt += string.Join("+", names); 
       standing_spots -= names.Count(); 
      } 
     } 
     return standing_txt; 
    } 
    static string GetCandidate(int index) 
    { 
     return candidates.ElementAt(index).Key; 
    } 
    static void Input() 
    { 
     int cand_num; 
     do 
     { 
      cand_num = EnterInt("Enter number of candidate you wish to vote for (0 to 4) or -1 to quit:"); 

      if (cand_num >= 0 && cand_num <= 4) 
      { 
       candidates[GetCandidate(cand_num)]++; //increment candidate vote value 
      } 
      else if (cand_num != -1) 
      { 
       Console.WriteLine("Invalid vote"); 
      } 

     } while (cand_num != -1); 
    } 
    public static void Output() 
    { 
     foreach (var candidate in candidates) 
     { 
      Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", candidate.Key, candidate.Value); 
     } 
    } 
    static int EnterInt(string prompt) 
    { 
     Console.Write(prompt); 
     int num; 
     while (!int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out num)) 
     { 
      Console.Write("Error! Please enter an integer number:"); 
     } 
     return num; 
    } 
}