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我嘗試編譯Python包裝，以++庫，我寫了一個小C。我已經寫了下面的setup.py腳本來嘗試使用setuptools編譯包裝：Python的setuptools的不包括C++標準庫頭
from setuptools import setup, Extension
import numpy as np
import os
atmcmodule = Extension(
'atmc',
include_dirs=[np.get_include(), '/usr/local/include'],
libraries=['mcopt', 'c++'], # my C++ library is at ./build/libmcopt.a
library_dirs=[os.path.abspath('./build')],
sources=['atmcmodule.cpp'],
language='c++',
extra_compile_args=['-std=c++11', '-v'],
)
setup(name='tracking',
version='0.1',
description='Particle tracking and MC optimizer module',
ext_modules=[atmcmodule],
)
然而，當我在OS X埃爾卡皮坦運行python setup.py build，clang抱怨沒有找到一些C++標準庫頭：
In file included from atmcmodule.cpp:7:
In file included from ./mcopt.h:11:
In file included from ./arma_include.h:4:
/usr/local/include/armadillo:54:12: fatal error: 'initializer_list' file not found
#include <initializer_list>
^
1 error generated.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
跑過-v標誌提供給編譯器顯示它正在搜索以下路徑：
#include <...> search starts here:
/Users/[username]/miniconda3/include
/Users/[username]/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numpy/core/include
/usr/local/include
/Users/[username]/miniconda3/include/python3.4m
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include/c++/4.2.1
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include/c++/4.2.1/backward
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/clang/7.0.0/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/usr/include
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.11.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks (framework directory)
End of search list.
這顯然不包括的路徑，C++標準庫頭。如果我使用-v選項編譯一個小測試C++源代碼，我可以看到clang++通常也會搜索路徑/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1，如果我在腳本中將此路徑包含在的include_dirs選項中，那麼擴展模塊將正確編譯並工作。但是，將此路徑硬編碼到腳本似乎不是一個好的解決方案，因爲此模塊也需要在Linux上工作。
所以，我的問題是如何正確做setuptools包括所需的頭？
更新（2015年11月22日）
至於setuptools試圖編譯的擴展，它打印的第一個命令，它的運行：
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/Users/[username]/miniconda3/include -arch x86_64 -I/Users/[username]/miniconda3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/Users/[username]/Documents/Code/ar40-aug15/monte_carlo/mcopt -I/usr/local/include -I/Users/[username]/miniconda3/include/python3.4m -c /Users/[username]/Documents/Code/ar40-aug15/monte_carlo/atmc/atmcmodule.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.5-x86_64-3.4/Users/[username]/Documents/Code/ar40-aug15/monte_carlo/atmc/atmcmodule.o -std=c++11 -fopenmp -v
如果我粘貼命令到終端並運行它自己，擴展編譯成功。所以我懷疑setuptools正在修改一些我不知道的環境變量，或者它對它實際運行的命令有所瞭解。