stm32 freertos hardfault - snprintf/vsnprintf/sprintf

Question

我很難找到當前硬故障的原因。 我使用freertos靜態內存分配（沒有malloc曾經使用）我使用新的預先分配的緩衝區（新（&緩衝區） 我已確保所有線程對齊（4） 每當我使用我的應用程序從freertos調用「啓動第一個任務」跳轉到hardfault。

我編寫「嵌入式C++」代碼，基本上C89帶有命名空間和類，所以除了C++ 。每個包含c文件（.h）都包含extern「C」，所以永遠不會有聯繫問題。

我已經用newlib，newlib nano和tinyprintf從空餘時間的庫中進行了測試，沒有區別

也，我從來沒有對malloc的調用斷言失敗，讓我「挺」確保沒有newlib函數訪問的malloc（我說的對嗎？）

互聯網表明其無論是動態內存分配問題或堆棧問題。我怎麼能證明是什麼導致硬故障？我相信提示我的堆棧被損壞，因爲我的printf調用沒有錯。我怎麼能證明這一點？ （我從來沒有調試堆棧，並需要一些幫助調試堆棧指針）。

還有其他想法嗎？

非常感謝你

例如：

(void) vsnprintf(_log_buffer, C_LOG_BUFFER_SIZE, format, args); // hardfault 
(void) sprintf(_log_buffer, "huhu"); // no hardfault 

動態分配會覆蓋：

__ATL_LINK_EXTERN_C void *malloc(size_t size) 
{ 
    (void) size; 

    atl::os::assert::failed((char*)__FILE__,__LINE__); 
    return NULL; 
} 

__ATL_LINK_EXTERN_C void * calloc(size_t size1, size_t size2) 
{ 
    (void) size1; 
    (void) size2; 

    atl::os::assert::failed((char*)__FILE__,__LINE__); 
    return NULL; 
} 

__ATL_LINK_EXTERN_C void *realloc(void * ptr, size_t size) 
{ 
    (void) ptr; 
    (void) size; 

    atl::os::assert::failed((char*)__FILE__,__LINE__); 
    return NULL; 
} 

__ATL_LINK_EXTERN_C void free(void * ptr) 
{ 
    (void) ptr; 

    atl::os::assert::failed((char*)__FILE__,__LINE__); 
} 

FreeRTOS的配置：

/* 
    FreeRTOS V9.0.0 - Copyright (C) 2016 Real Time Engineers Ltd. 
    All rights reserved 

    VISIT http://www.FreeRTOS.org TO ENSURE YOU ARE USING THE LATEST VERSION. 

    This file is part of the FreeRTOS distribution. 

    FreeRTOS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under 
    the terms of the GNU General Public License (version 2) as published by the 
    Free Software Foundation >>!AND MODIFIED BY!<< the FreeRTOS exception. 

    *************************************************************************** 
    >>! NOTE: The modification to the GPL is included to allow you to  !<< 
    >>! distribute a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being !<< 
    >>! obliged to provide the source code for proprietary components  !<< 
    >>! outside of the FreeRTOS kernel.         !<< 
    *************************************************************************** 

    FreeRTOS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY 
    WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS 
    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Full license text is available on the following 
    link: http://www.freertos.org/a00114.html 

    *************************************************************************** 
    *                  * 
    * FreeRTOS provides completely free yet professionally developed, * 
    * robust, strictly quality controlled, supported, and cross   * 
    * platform software that is more than just the market leader, it  * 
    * is the industry's de facto standard.        * 
    *                  * 
    * Help yourself get started quickly while simultaneously helping  * 
    * to support the FreeRTOS project by purchasing a FreeRTOS   * 
    * tutorial book, reference manual, or both:       * 
    * http://www.FreeRTOS.org/Documentation        * 
    *                  * 
    *************************************************************************** 

    http://www.FreeRTOS.org/FAQHelp.html - Having a problem? Start by reading 
    the FAQ page "My application does not run, what could be wrong?". Have you 
    defined configASSERT()? 

    http://www.FreeRTOS.org/support - In return for receiving this top quality 
    embedded software for free we request you assist our global community by 
    participating in the support forum. 

    http://www.FreeRTOS.org/training - Investing in training allows your team to 
    be as productive as possible as early as possible. Now you can receive 
    FreeRTOS training directly from Richard Barry, CEO of Real Time Engineers 
    Ltd, and the world's leading authority on the world's leading RTOS. 

    http://www.FreeRTOS.org/plus - A selection of FreeRTOS ecosystem products, 
    including FreeRTOS+Trace - an indispensable productivity tool, a DOS 
    compatible FAT file system, and our tiny thread aware UDP/IP stack. 

    http://www.FreeRTOS.org/labs - Where new FreeRTOS products go to incubate. 
    Come and try FreeRTOS+TCP, our new open source TCP/IP stack for FreeRTOS. 

    http://www.OpenRTOS.com - Real Time Engineers ltd. license FreeRTOS to High 
    Integrity Systems ltd. to sell under the OpenRTOS brand. Low cost OpenRTOS 
    licenses offer ticketed support, indemnification and commercial middleware. 

    http://www.SafeRTOS.com - High Integrity Systems also provide a safety 
    engineered and independently SIL3 certified version for use in safety and 
    mission critical applications that require provable dependability. 

    1 tab == 4 spaces! 
*/ 

#ifndef FREERTOS_CONFIG_H 
#define FREERTOS_CONFIG_H 

/*----------------------------------------------------------- 
* Application specific definitions. 
* 
* These definitions should be adjusted for your particular hardware and 
* application requirements. 
* 
* THESE PARAMETERS ARE DESCRIBED WITHIN THE 'CONFIGURATION' SECTION OF THE 
* FreeRTOS API DOCUMENTATION AVAILABLE ON THE FreeRTOS.org WEB SITE. 
* 
* See http://www.freertos.org/a00110.html. 
*----------------------------------------------------------*/ 

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */   
/* Section where include file can be added */ 
/* USER CODE END Includes */ 

/* Ensure stdint is only used by the compiler, and not the assembler. */ 
#if defined(__ICCARM__) || defined(__CC_ARM) || defined(__GNUC__) 
    #include <stdint.h> 
    extern uint32_t SystemCoreClock; 
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */   
    extern void configureTimerForRunTimeStats(void); 
    extern unsigned long getRunTimeCounterValue(void); 
/* USER CODE END 0 */  
#endif 

#define configUSE_PREEMPTION      1 
#define configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION   1 
#define configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION   0 
#define configUSE_IDLE_HOOK      1 
#define configUSE_TICK_HOOK      1 
#define configCPU_CLOCK_HZ      (SystemCoreClock) 
#define configTICK_RATE_HZ      ((TickType_t)1000) 
#define configMAX_PRIORITIES      (7) 
#define configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE     ((uint16_t)32) // MOD was 128 
#define configMAX_TASK_NAME_LEN     (32) // mod was 16 
#define configGENERATE_RUN_TIME_STATS   1 
#define configUSE_TRACE_FACILITY     1 
#define configUSE_STATS_FORMATTING_FUNCTIONS  1 
#define configUSE_16_BIT_TICKS     0 
#define configUSE_MUTEXES      1 
#define configQUEUE_REGISTRY_SIZE    8 
#define configCHECK_FOR_STACK_OVERFLOW   1 
#define configUSE_MALLOC_FAILED_HOOK    1 
#define configUSE_DAEMON_TASK_STARTUP_HOOK  1 
#define configUSE_PORT_OPTIMISED_TASK_SELECTION 1 

/* Co-routine definitions. */ 
#define configUSE_CO_ROUTINES     0 
#define configMAX_CO_ROUTINE_PRIORITIES   (2) 

/* Software timer definitions. */ 
#define configUSE_TIMERS       1 
#define configTIMER_TASK_PRIORITY    (2) 
#define configTIMER_QUEUE_LENGTH     10 
#define configTIMER_TASK_STACK_DEPTH    256 

/* Set the following definitions to 1 to include the API function, or zero 
to exclude the API function. */ 
#define INCLUDE_vTaskPrioritySet   1 
#define INCLUDE_uxTaskPriorityGet   1 
#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelete     1 
#define INCLUDE_vTaskCleanUpResources  1 
#define INCLUDE_vTaskSuspend    1 
#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelayUntil    1 
#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelay     1 
#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetSchedulerState  1 
#define INCLUDE_xTimerPendFunctionCall  1 
#define INCLUDE_xQueueGetMutexHolder  1 
#define INCLUDE_xSemaphoreGetMutexHolder 1 
#define INCLUDE_pcTaskGetTaskName   1 
#define INCLUDE_uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark 1 
#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle 1 
#define INCLUDE_eTaskGetState    1 
#define INCLUDE_xTaskAbortDelay    1 
#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetHandle    1 

/* Cortex-M specific definitions. */ 
#ifdef __NVIC_PRIO_BITS 
/* __BVIC_PRIO_BITS will be specified when CMSIS is being used. */ 
#define configPRIO_BITS   __NVIC_PRIO_BITS 
#else 
#define configPRIO_BITS   4 
#endif 

/* The lowest interrupt priority that can be used in a call to a "set priority" 
function. */ 
#define configLIBRARY_LOWEST_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY 15 

/* The highest interrupt priority that can be used by any interrupt service 
routine that makes calls to interrupt safe FreeRTOS API functions. DO NOT CALL 
INTERRUPT SAFE FREERTOS API FUNCTIONS FROM ANY INTERRUPT THAT HAS A HIGHER 
PRIORITY THAN THIS! (higher priorities are lower numeric values. */ 
#define configLIBRARY_MAX_SYSCALL_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY 5 

/* Interrupt priorities used by the kernel port layer itself. These are generic 
to all Cortex-M ports, and do not rely on any particular library functions. */ 
#define configKERNEL_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY  (configLIBRARY_LOWEST_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY << (8 - configPRIO_BITS)) 
/* !!!! configMAX_SYSCALL_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY must not be set to zero !!!! 
See http://www.FreeRTOS.org/RTOS-Cortex-M3-M4.html. */ 
#define configMAX_SYSCALL_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY (configLIBRARY_MAX_SYSCALL_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY << (8 - configPRIO_BITS)) 

/* Normal assert() semantics without relying on the provision of an assert.h 
header file. */ 
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ 
#define configASSERT(x) if ((x) == 0) {taskDISABLE_INTERRUPTS(); for(;;);} 
/* USER CODE END 1 */ 

/* Definitions that map the FreeRTOS port interrupt handlers to their CMSIS 
standard names. */ 
#define vPortSVCHandler SVC_Handler 
#define xPortPendSVHandler PendSV_Handler 

/* IMPORTANT: This define MUST be commented when used with STM32Cube firmware, 
       to prevent overwriting SysTick_Handler defined within STM32Cube HAL */ 
/* #define xPortSysTickHandler SysTick_Handler */ 

/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */  
/* Definitions needed when configGENERATE_RUN_TIME_STATS is on */ 
#define portCONFIGURE_TIMER_FOR_RUN_TIME_STATS configureTimerForRunTimeStats 
#define portGET_RUN_TIME_COUNTER_VALUE getRunTimeCounterValue  
/* USER CODE END 2 */ 

/* USER CODE BEGIN Defines */   
/* Section where parameter definitions can be added (for instance, to override default ones in FreeRTOS.h) */ 
/* USER CODE END Defines */ 

#endif /* FREERTOS_CONFIG_H */ 

Answer 1

那麼你的調試器說？你檢查了什麼是真正的HF，以及它發生在哪裏？你有一個處理所有可能的HF嗎？它使調試變得更加複雜 - 並編寫正確的調試，谷歌「當發生HF時如何從堆棧中獲取存儲的寄存器值」（http://www.freertos.org/Debugging-Hard-Faults-On-Cortex-M-Microcontrollers.html）。當你完成所有工作後，你就可以開始適當的調查了。

不幸的是，HF-s很難診斷「懶惰的方式」。一些代碼編寫是絕對必要的。