是的,它會跟蹤兩者。通常你的子類的構造函數將不得不調用你的基類的構造函數。如果給出多個基類構造函數,那麼你可能有選項。但是,如果只給出一個,那麼你必須滿足它的要求。
考慮下面的代碼,並要特別注意的各種構造和他們與父類的構造函數是如何工作的:
public interface IAnimal
{
string GetName();
string Talk();
}
public abstract class AnimalBase : IAnimal
{
private string _name;
// Constructor #1
protected AnimalBase(string name)
{
_name = name;
}
// Constructor #2
protected AnimalBase(string name, bool isCutsey)
{
if (isCutsey)
{
// Change "Fluffy" into "Fluffy-poo"
_name = name + "-poo";
}
}
// GetName implemention from IAnimal.
// In C#, "virtual" means "Let the child class override this if it wants to but is not required to"
public virtual string GetName()
{
return _name;
}
// Talk "implementation" from IAnimal.
// In C#, "abstract" means "require our child classes to override this and provide the implementation".
// Since our base class forces child classes to provide the implementation, this takes care of the IAnimal implementation requirement.
abstract public string Talk();
}
public class Dog : AnimalBase
{
// This constructor simply passes on the name parameter to the base class's constructor.
public Dog(string name)
: base(name)
{
}
// This constructor passes on both parameters to the base class's constructor.
public Dog(string name, bool isCutsey)
: base(name, isCutsey)
{
}
// Override the base class's Talk() function here, and this satisfy's AnimalBase's requirement to provide this implementation for IAnimal.
public override string Talk()
{
return "Woof! Woof!";
}
}
public class SmallDog : Dog
{
private bool _isPurseDog;
// This constructor is unique from all of the other constructors.
// Rather than the second boolean representing the "isCutsey" property, it's entirely different.
// It's entirely a coincidence that they're the same datatype - this is not important.
// Notice that we're saying ALL SmallDogs are cutsey by passing a hardcoded true into the base class's (Dog) second parameter of the constructor.
public SmallDog(string name, bool isPurseDog)
: base(name, true)
{
_isPurseDog = isPurseDog;
}
// This tells us if the dog fits in a purse.
public bool DoesThisDogFitInAPurse()
{
return _isPurseDog;
}
// Rather than using Dog's Talk() implementation, we're changing this because this special type of dog is different.
public override string Talk()
{
return "Yip! Yip!";
}
}
public class Chihuahua : SmallDog
{
private int _hatSize;
// We say that Chihuahua's always fit in a purse. Nothing else different about them, though.
public Chihuahua(string name, int hatSize)
: base(name, true)
{
_hatSize = hatSize;
}
// Of course all chihuahuas wear Mexican hats, so let's make sure we know its hat size!
public int GetHatSize()
{
return _hatSize;
}
}
public class Cat : AnimalBase
{
// This constructor simply passes on the name parameter to the base class's constructor.
public Cat(string name)
: base(name)
{
}
// This constructor passes on both parameters to the base class's constructor.
public Cat(string name, bool isCutsey)
: base(name, isCutsey)
{
}
// Override the base class's Talk() function here, and this satisfy's AnimalBase's requirement to provide this implementation for IAnimal.
public override string Talk()
{
return "Meoooowwww...";
}
}
public class Lion : Cat
{
public Lion(string name)
: base(name)
{
}
// Rather than using Cat's Talk() implementation, we're changing this because this special type of cat is different.
public override string Talk()
{
return "ROAR!!!!!!!!";
}
}
[編輯]
您添加通常不會
您的代碼編譯。子類的構造函數通常必須提供所有參數給超類的構造函數。不提供它們不是一種選擇。看我的代碼,看看我的子類構造函數是如何爲超類構造函數提供參數的。有時他們只是傳遞參數和其他時間,他們實際上把硬編碼true
/false
值。
我會永遠跑步嗎?含義? – 2010-04-29 18:57:17
@傑瑞米:我重新錄製了 - 更好? – 2010-04-29 18:58:35
是啊!而且論據也會加起來嗎?請參閱上面我更新的代碼。 – 2010-04-29 19:00:20