複雜的SQL查詢 - 查找與多個不同外鍵匹配的項目

Question

想象一下，您有一個表Products (ID int, Name nvarchar(200))，以及另外兩個表，ProductsCategories (ProductID int, CategoryID int)和InvoiceProducts (InvoiceID int, ProductID int)。

我需要編寫一個查詢來生成一組匹配給定的發票ID和類別ID的產品，以使產品列表匹配所有指定的類別和所有指定的發票，而不會退回到動態SQL 。想象一下，我需要找到類別1和2以及發票3和4中的產品列表。

作爲開始，我寫了一個存儲過程，它接受類別ID和發票ID作爲字符串，並將它們解析成表格：

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.SearchProducts (@categories varchar(max), @invoices varchar(max)) 
AS BEGIN 
     with catids as (select cast([value] as int) from dbo.split(@categories, ' ')), 
      invoiceids as (select cast([value] as int) from dbo.split(@invoices, ' ')) 
      select * from products --- insert awesomeness here 
END 

我提出的不同解決方案看起來很糟糕，而且性能更差。我發現的最好的東西是生成一個由所有標準的左連接組成的視圖，但這看起來非常昂貴並且不能解決匹配指定的所有不同鍵的問題。

---

更新：這是一個例子查詢我寫的是產生預期的結果。我是否錯過了任何優化機會？像忍者神奇的獨角獸矩陣操作？

with catids as (select distinct cast([value] as int) [value] from dbo.split(@categories, ' ')), 
    invoiceids as (select distinct cast([value] as int) [value] from dbo.split(@invoices, ' ')) 

    select pc.ProductID from ProductsCategories pc (nolock) 
    inner join catids c on c.value = pc.CategoryID 
    group by pc.ProductID 
    having COUNT(*) = (select COUNT(*) from catids) 
    intersect 
    select ip.ProductID from InvoiceProducts ip (nolock) 
    inner join invoiceids i on i.value = ip.InvoiceID 
    group by ip.ProductID 
    having COUNT(*) = (select COUNT(*) from invoiceids) 

Answer 1

前提是你必須在兩個(ProductID, CategoryID)和(ProductID, InvoiceID)唯一索引：

SELECT ProductID 
FROM (
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductInvoice 
     WHERE InvoiceID IN (1, 2) 
     UNION ALL 
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductCategory pc 
     WHERE CategoryID IN (3, 4) 
     ) q 
GROUP BY 
     ProductID 
HAVING COUNT(*) = 4 

，或者，如果你的價值觀在CSV字符串傳遞：

WITH catids(value) AS 
     (
     SELECT DISTINCT CAST([value] AS INT) 
     FROM dbo.split(@categories, ' ')) 
     ), 
     (
     SELECT DISTINCT CAST([value] AS INT) 
     FROM dbo.split(@invoices, ' ')) 
     ) 
SELECT ProductID 
FROM (
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductInvoice 
     WHERE InvoiceID IN 
       (
       SELECT value 
       FROM invoiceids 
       ) 
     UNION ALL 
     SELECT ProductID 
     FROM ProductCategory pc 
     WHERE CategoryID IN 
       (
       SELECT value 
       FROM catids 
       ) 
     ) q 
GROUP BY 
     ProductID 
HAVING COUNT(*) = 
     (
     SELECT COUNT(*) 
     FROM catids 
     ) + 
     (
     SELECT COUNT(*) 
     FROM invoiceids 
     ) 

請注意，在SQL Server 2008可以將表值參數傳遞給存儲過程。

Answer 2

將它們作爲XML參數傳遞，將它們存儲到臨時表並加入。

Answer 3

我會從這樣的事情開始，利用參數中的表格ID值。臨時表可以幫助子查詢速度。

select p.* 
from 
(
    select pc.* 
    from catids c 
    inner join ProductsCategories pc 
     on pc.CategoryID = c.value 
) catMatch 
inner join 
(
    select pin.* 
    from invoiceids i 
    inner join ProductsInvoices pin 
     on pin.InvoiceID = i.value 
) invMatch 
    on invMatch.ProductID = catMatch.ProductID 
inner join Products p 
    on p.ID = invMatch.ProductID 

Answer 4

遞歸CTE如何？

首先，如果您將添加行號的標準表，那麼一些僞SQL：

;WITH cte AS(
Base case: Select productid, criteria from products left join criteria where row_number = 1 if it matches criteria from both row 1s or one is null. 
UNION ALL 
Recursive case: Select n+1 criteria row from products left join criteria where row_number = cte.row_number + 1 AND matches criteria from both row_number + 1 or one or the other (but not both) is null 
) 
SELECT * 
WHERE criteria = maximum id from criteria table. 

這會給你表演上多標準和辦法，並應表現良好。

這是否有任何意義呢？最近我用CTE做了一些非常酷的快速內容，並且可以在必要時進行闡述。

刪除cte代碼，因爲它是錯誤的，並不真正值得去解決那裏有更好的解決方案。

Answer 5

ProductCategories應該在（CategoryId，ProductId）上有一個聚集索引，而InvoiceProducts應該有一個（InvoiceId，ProductId）最佳。這將允許通過僅使用聚集索引中的數據來查找給定CategoryId和InvoiceId的產品ID。

您可以使用函數返回給定字符串的整數表。 Google「CsvToInt」並點擊SqlTeam的第一個鏈接查看代碼。

，那麼你可以：

SELECT * 
FROM Products 
WHERE ID IN (SELECT DISTINCT ProductId 
     FROM ProductCategories 
     WHERE CategoryId in dbo.CsvToInt(@categories) 
    ) AND ID IN (SELECT DISTINCT ProductId 
     FROM InvoiceProducts 
     WHERE InvoiceId in dbo.CsvToInt(@invoices) 
    )