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構建了下面的OpenGL-ES程序，它僅使用環境光渲染一個簡單的紋理立方體，我遇到了一個奇怪的異常，同時嘗試使用GL_FRONT或GL_BACK參數實現「glMaterialfv」函數。在材質與GL_BACK_AND_FRONT參數結合處理正確的同時，GL_FRONT和GL_BACK都不會出現以產生正確的結果。由於我的法線似乎在定向光源的存在下工作，我只能假設我錯過了一些非常明顯的東西。這可能是Android模擬器本身的問題嗎？Android OpenGL「glMaterialfv」函數
package tal.cube1;
import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL11;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.opengl.GLU;
import android.opengl.GLUtils;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView.Renderer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.nio.ShortBuffer;
import android.content.res.*;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
public class OpenGLRenderer implements Renderer
{
private final float mf_textureCoordinates[] =
{
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f
};
private final float mf_normals[] =
{ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1,
0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1,
0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0,
-1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0,
1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0
};
private final float mf_vertices[] =
{-1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1,
1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1,
-1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1,
-1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1
};
private final short mf_indices[] =
{ 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 8, 10, 11,
12, 13, 14, 12, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 16, 18, 19,
20, 21, 22, 20, 22, 23
};
private final float mf_ambientLight[] =
{
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
private final float mf_ambientMaterial[] =
{
1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
};
private FloatBuffer m_vertexBuffer;
private FloatBuffer m_normalBuffer;
private FloatBuffer m_textureBuffer;
private ShortBuffer m_indexBuffer;
private Bitmap m_texture;
private int m_textures[];
private float m_angle = 0.0f;
public OpenGLRenderer(Resources p_resources)
{
super();
m_texture = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(p_resources, R.drawable.crate);
}
@Override public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 p_gl, EGLConfig p_config)
{
ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mf_vertices.length * 4);
vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
m_vertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();
m_vertexBuffer.put(mf_vertices);
m_vertexBuffer.position(0);
ByteBuffer nbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mf_normals.length * 4);
nbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
m_normalBuffer = nbb.asFloatBuffer();
m_normalBuffer.put(mf_normals);
m_normalBuffer.position(0);
ByteBuffer tbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mf_textureCoordinates.length * 4);
tbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
m_textureBuffer = tbb.asFloatBuffer();
m_textureBuffer.put(mf_textureCoordinates);
m_textureBuffer.position(0);
ByteBuffer ibb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(mf_indices.length * 2);
ibb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
m_indexBuffer = ibb.asShortBuffer();
m_indexBuffer.put(mf_indices);
m_indexBuffer.position(0);
m_textures = new int[1];
p_gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_textures[0]);
p_gl.glGenTextures(1, m_textures, 0);
GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, m_texture, 0);
p_gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
p_gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);
p_gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_FLAT);
p_gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);
p_gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);
p_gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);
p_gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);
p_gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);
p_gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
p_gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);
p_gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_LIGHTING);
p_gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
p_gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
p_gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
p_gl.glEnableClientState(GL11.GL_NORMAL_ARRAY);
p_gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, m_textureBuffer);
p_gl.glNormalPointer(GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, m_normalBuffer);
p_gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, m_vertexBuffer);
p_gl.glLightModelfv(GL10.GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, mf_ambientLight, 0);
p_gl.glMaterialfv(GL10.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL10.GL_AMBIENT, mf_ambientMaterial, 0);
}
@Override public void onDrawFrame(GL10 p_gl)
{
p_gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT |
GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
p_gl.glLoadIdentity();
p_gl.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -8);
p_gl.glRotatef(m_angle, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
p_gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, m_indexBuffer.capacity(),
GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, m_indexBuffer);
m_angle += 1.0f;
}
@Override public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 p_gl, int p_width, int p_height)
{
p_gl.glViewport(0, 0, p_width, p_height);
p_gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
p_gl.glLoadIdentity();
GLU.gluPerspective(p_gl, 45.0f, (float)p_width/(float)p_height,
0.1f, 100.0f);
p_gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
p_gl.glLoadIdentity();
}
}